internet protocol tcp ip properties

provider Internet Services Provider,isp . Each ISP is a network of multiple packet switches and multi-segment communication links. ISPs have different levels.End systems, packet switches, and other Internet components are run to control the information received in the Internet and send a series of protocol

interfaces (multicast, broadcast, or anycast addresses). Each interface has a minimum of 32-bit IPV4 addresses, and there are typically several 128-bit IPV6 addresses.Both IPV4 and IPV6 support address formats that point to multiple network interfaces at the same time. IPV4 supports broadcast addresses and multicast addresses, but IPV6 only supports multicast addresses. Broadcasts allow one person to communicate with everyone, while multicast allows one person to communicate with multiple peopl

numbers for the site to allocate itself. This approach allows site administrators to compromise on the number of subnets and the number of hosts expected for each subnet, reducing coordination with other sites.It's like the school does not assign classrooms to each class, but instead throws the task to the college to deal with. The flexible compromise of the college was a slight solution to this vexed question. So what is subnet addressing? How does it work?One hours a day to write a blog is th

asARPgenerationExcluding the rationale). But the target networkIPaddress and sourceIPwhen the address is not on a unified network segment, use the proxyARP. Ipaddress conflict problems and solutions:ArpThe most common problems that arise areIPaddress conflicts, this is because two different hosts use the sameIPaddress that is generated in any internet,IPThe address must be unique. When the interface is initialized, it sends a message containin

Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), which allows all systems on a physical network to know the multicast group in which the host is currently located. Multicast routers need this information to know which ports multicast data packets should be forwarded. IGMP is defined in RFC 1112. IGMP has a fixed message length and no data is available. The protocol f

ICMP is considered a part of the IP layer, which transmits error messages and other information that requires attention. ICMP packets are often used by the IP layer or higher protocol (TCP/UDP) (some error messages are returned to the user process ). ICMP packets are transmitted inside

PPPoE (point-to-point over Ethernet, allows the Ethernet host to connect to an unwarranted access concentrator via a simple bridging device [3]) dial-up Internet, The Ppop header is 8 bytes, so the MTU of PPPoE is 1492,MSS and 1492-40=1452.So, what is the MSS for data transfer after TCP connection is established, 1460 or 1452 or 536? My understanding is the default value of 536, so to understand it? Ask fo

The IP protocol is the most important protocol in the family of TCP/IP protocols, which provides unreliable, non-connected datagram transport services. So understanding IP protocols is critical to our learning network.IP headerImp

TCP/IP OSI Application Layer-Application layer, presentation layer, Session layer Transport Layer-Transport layer Network Layer--Network layer Network interface Layer--physical layer, Data link layer The current TCP/IP protocol still looks at the network interface layer

broadcast package will query their own IP addresses. If a host that receives the broadcast package finds that it meets the conditions, prepare an ARP packet containing your MAC address and send it to the host that sends the ARP broadcast, the broadcast host will update its ARP cache after obtaining the ARP package (that is, the place where the corresponding table of the IP-MAC is stored ). The host that se

Chapter Review:"TCP/IP Detailed Volume 1: Agreement" 1th Chapter Overview-Reading Notes"TCP/IP Detailed Volume 1: Protocol" chapter 2nd link layer-Reading notes"TCP/IP Detailed Volume 1

the Ethernet receive this frame and check the target address. If the target address and network adapter address are the same, the adapter software processes the received frame and transmits the data to the higher layer in the protocol stack. Chapter 2 Internet Layer Addressing and sending-- In a selected route network, the TCP/