KBhightotal:1177160 KB//the Total and free amountof memory, in kilobytes, that's not directly mapped to kernel SP Ace.highfree:7396 KB//The Hightotal value canvary based on the type of kernel used.lowtotal:875280 KB//The total and free amountof memory, in kilobytes, that's directly mapped into kernel space . Used.lowfree:42608 KB//the lowtotal value canvary based on the type of kernelswaptotal:489940 KB//S
written per second, including the number of pages written to the filesystemPgsin number of pages read per second from the page spacePgsout number of pages written to page space per secondThe data computed by the Fsin Analyzer is used for pgin-pgsin Graphics processingThe data computed by the Fsout Analyzer is used for pgout-pgsout Graphics processingIf there is a large number of frequent swap-out phenomena, there is a frequent switchover between physical memory and virtual memory, and physical
like.SizefmtFile size display mode. The default format is byte ("bytes"). You can change the format to kilobytes ("abbrev ")TimefmtTime Display Mode, the most flexible configuration of attributes.
Example: display the size of a non-existing file
Display file size in kilobytes
Syntax:
Display time in a specific time format
Displays the day of the week, month, and time zone.
XSSI
XSSI (Exte
output of an external program to the page. The input of a CGI program or a general application can be inserted, depending on whether the parameter is cmd or cgi.
Syntax:
Parameters:
CmdRegular applicationsCgiCGI script program
Example:
Note: As shown in the preceding example, this command is quite convenient, but there are also security problems.
Method prohibited:
Apache: Delete the "Options except des ExecCGI" line of code in access. conf;
To disable the # exec command in IIS, modify the
of showing CPU load than the average load, and the data does not contain the process of waiting for IO. If this value is greater than the number of machine CPU cores, then the CPU resources of the machine are saturated (CPU bottlenecks are present).
B: The number of processes waiting for IO.
(2) Monitoring memory Memoy:
SWPD: Current swap memory available (in kilobytes)
Free: The number of available memory (in
Process Owner's nameThe terminal name of the TTY startup process. Processes that are not started from the terminal are displayed as?PR-PriorityNI Nice, negative indicates high priority, positive value indicates low priorityP last used CPU, only meaningful in multi-CPU environmentVIRT: Total amount of virtual memory used by the process, in kilobytes, Virt=swap+resRES: The size of the non-swapped physical memory used by the process, in
owner
5
USER
User name of the process owner
6
GROUP
Group Name of Process owner
7
Tty
The terminal name of the startup process. A process that is not started from the terminal is displayed as?
8
PR
Priority level
9
NI
Nice value. Negative values indicate high priority, positive number indicates low priority
10
P
Last CPU used, only meaningful in multi-C
of the process owner group The group name of the process owner tty the terminal name of the startup process. Processes that are not started from the terminal are displayed as? pr Priority ninice value. Negative values indicate high priority, positive values indicate low priority p last used CPU, only make sense in multi-CPU environments %cpu CPU time consuming percentage last updated to current Total CPU time used by the time process, in seconds time+ The total CPU time used by the proce
the Info.txt document under the current directory
virtual Specifies the location relative to the server document root directory, as/hoyi/info.txt
Note: The file name must have an extension.
Example:
#exec Demonstration
Action: Inserts the output of an external program into the page. You can insert a CGI program or an input to a regular application, depending on the
parameter is cmd or CGI.
Grammar:
Parameters:
CMD general application
CGI CGI script program
Example:
Note: As you can see from the
ways can achieve the same goal)
9, Exception object
Exception implicit objects can be accessed directly in a Web page that handles exceptions.
-----------------------------------Supplementary Part--------------------------------
①out-javax.servlet.jsp.jspwriterThe Out object is used to output the results to the Web page.
Method:1. void clear ();Clears the contents of the output buffer, but does not output to the client.
2. void Clearbuffer ();Clears the contents of the output buffer and output
access_log.cgi.
Note: As you can see from the example above, this instruction is quite handy, but there are also security issues.
Prohibited method:
Apache, delete the "options Includes execcgi" code in access.conf;
In IIS, to disable the #exec command, you can modify the SSIExecDisable metabase;
#config
Role: Specifies the format for error messages, dates, and file sizes returned to the client browser.
Grammar:
Parameters:
errmsg Custom SSI execution error messages can b
of user Process Owner
Group name for the owner of the group process
TTY starts the terminal name of the process. Processes that are not started from the terminal are displayed as?
PR Priority
NI nice value, negative indicates high priority, positive values mean low priority
P the last CPU used, only in a multi-CPU environment meaningful
Virt: Total amount of virtual memory used by the process, in kilobytes, Virt=swap+res
RES: The size, in
activities. It is characterized by reporting disk activity statistics and also reporting CPU usage. Like Vmstat, Iostat also has a weakness that it cannot analyze a process in depth and only analyze the overall situation of the system.The syntax for Iostat is as follows:Iostat [-C |-d] [-K] [-t] [-v] [x [Device]] [interval [count]]Where-C to report CPU usage;-D to report disk usage;-K means to display data by kilobytes byte per second;-T for print re
directory location of the previous level.Example: Skip to/usr/bin/:Cd/usr/binSkip to your home directory:CD ~Skip to the top two levels of the current directory:Cd.. /..cd– returns to the directory before entering the current directory
DF Use permissions: All users using: DF [Options] ... [FILE] ... Display the status of the file system, or look at the status of all archival systems (preset) -a,–all contains all 0 Blocks file systems –block-size={size} using the size of {size} Blocks -h
clear that the NC process is consuming CPU 1 100% CPU. Because the process of consuming CPU in the test system is relatively small, at a glance, Pidstat in the production system should be able to output more CPU-consuming processes.
6. IOSTAT-ZX 1
Learn about the load and performance tools for block devices (block device, disk). Mainly see the following indicators:
R/S, w/s, rkb/s, wkb/s: Number of Read requests completed per second (read requests, after merges), number of write requests
of user process OwnerGroup name of the F group Process ownerThe terminal name of the G TTY boot process. Processes that are not started from the terminal are displayed as?H PR-PriorityI NI nice value. Negative values indicate high priority, positive values indicate low priorityThe last CPU used by J P is meaningful only in a multi-CPU environmentK%cpu CPU time consumption percentage last updated to currentThe total CPU time, in seconds, used by the timing processThe total CPU time used by the M
kilobytes⑥rss: The process consumes the actual physical memory size, in kilobytes⑦tty: Which terminal the process is running on. The TTY1-TTY7 represents the local console terminal, Tty1-tty67 is the local character interface terminal, Tty7 is a graphics terminal. PTS/0-255 represents a virtual terminal.⑧stat: Process state. Common states are: R-run; s-sleep; t-stop state; s-contains child processes; + + i
of processes waiting in the run queue.B: The number of processes waiting for IO.(2) Memory Memoy:SWPD: Current swap memory available (in kilobytes).Free: Idle memory (in kilobytes).Buff: The amount of memory to buffer (in kilobytes).Cache: The amount of memory that is used as a cache (in kilobytes).(3) Swap swap pageS
for each active process:linux:~ # Pidstat-r-P13084 1Linux2.6.32.12-0.7-default(Linux) ./ -/ A_x86_64_ the: ,: -PID minflt/s majflt/s VSZ RSS%MEM Command the: ,: + 13084 133835.00 0.00 15720284 15716896 96.26MMMM the: ,: - 13084 35807.00 0.00 15863504 15849756 97.07MMMM the: ,: + 13084 19273.87 0.00 15949040 15792944 96.72MmmmThe output of the above columns has the following meanings:minflt/S: Number of page faults per second (minor page faults), number o
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