file for starting grub. Normally, this file is loaded to the MBR or the partition where the startup sector is located. Since the size of the PC startup sector is 512 bytes, this image file must be 512 bytes after compilation.
All the work of stage1 is to load stage 2 or stage 1.5 from a local disk. Due to the limitation on the size of stage1, It encodes the location of stage 2 or stage 1.5 in the form of p
memory is bit. Users can randomly access any bit information. The basic storage unit of the nand flash memory is page (as you can see, the page of the nand flash memory is similar to the hard disk sector, and one hard disk sector is also 512 bytes ). The effective capacity of each page is a multiple of 512 bytes. The so-called effective capacity refers to the part used for data storage. In fact, we need to
, each of which occupies 4 bytes, two of which are CS values and two of which are IP values. Each interrupt vector points to a specific interrupt service program.The BIOS-runtime service searches for devices in the boot sequence to find BBR instances.
Different BIOS functions make up two parts: POST and runtime services. After the POST is completed, it will be cleared from the memory, but the BIOS runtime service will be retained for the target operating system.
To start the operating system, t
[Linux] adding a new disk to a vbox VM
This is the case. The hard disk setting was too small when I started creating a virtual machine. It was only 10 Gb. Now I have added a hard disk to this linux (centos6.6) virtual machine through vbox settings.The following is how to mount the hard disk to the system.
Use fdisk to view information about the current physical disk (only root permission is required)
All of the following operations are root permissions.
[root@orangleliu ~]# fdisk -l...Disk /de
Disk resizing for CentOS
After installing CentOS, I found that the space is too small. How can I increase the hard disk capacity? That is, create another hard disk:
Enable virtual economy settings and add a hard disk
View existing disk space
Fdisk-l
[Root @ localhost ~] # Fdisk-l
Disk/dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065*512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical):
[Linux] adding a new disk to a vbox Vm, linuxvbox
This is the case. The hard disk setting was too small when I started creating a virtual machine. It was only 10 Gb. Now I have added a hard disk to this linux (centos6.6) virtual machine through vbox settings.The following is how to mount the hard disk to the system.
Use fdisk to view information about the current physical disk (only root permission is required)
All of the following operations are root permissions.
[root@orangleliu ~]# fdisk
Linux Mount NTFS partition and Mount partition method if your disk format is NTFS follow the steps below if not directly jump next first to download a NTFS-3G: http://www.tuxera.com/community/ntfs-3g-download/then Upload The downloaded compressed package...
Linux
Mount NTFS
Partitioning and attaching methods
If your disk is in NTFS format, follow these steps to skip the next step.
First Download a NTFS-3G
: Http://www.tuxera.com/community/ntfs-3g-download/
Upload the downloaded package to the ro
1. shut down your VM system and find the following content: Select EditVirtualmachesettings and click Expand to Expand the VM space to 40 GB (enter the space size as needed ). But it is not visible in linux. 2. use the fdisk tool in linux for partitioning. Log on to your linux system as the root user and view
1. shut down your VM system and find the following content: Select "Edit Virtual mache settings"
Click "Expand"
Expand the virtual machine space to "40 GB" (fill in the space size as nee
A CentOS server has been deployed recently. the requirement is that disks other than the system will be automatically mounted after startup. This should be a common requirement ~~ Online implementation is relatively simple, but there is a problem! Finally, the problem is solved. Now it's easy for everyone. After the system is installed, it is not mounted by default... information
A CentOS server has been deployed recently. the requirement is that disks other than the system will be automaticall
Outline
Basic Disk Management operations
grep and regular expression
Find basic operations
Special permissions
Environmental statement:Operating system:centos.7.01.1) Create a 10G file system, type EXT4, requires the boot can be automatically mounted to a separate data/data directory;You can first use the fdisk command to view the disk information on the current system, where we only view information about the /dev/sdb disk device, ensuring that there is enough space to
description of the MD5 algorithm can be: MD5 with 512-bit grouping to process the input information, and each grouping is divided into 16 32-bit sub-groups, after a series of processing, the output of the algorithm is composed of four 32-bit groupings, the four 32-bit grouping cascade will generate a 128-bit hash value.In the MD5 algorithm, it is necessary to fill the information first, so that the result of its bit length to
science and RSA Data Security Inc. April 1992).MD5 's full name is Message-digest algorithm 5 (Information-Digest algorithm), in the early 90 by MIT Laboratory for Computer Science and RSA Data Security Inc Ronald L. Riv EST developed, through the development of MD2, MD3 and MD4.MD5 is used to ensure complete consistency of information transmission. is one of the widely used hashing algorithms (also translation digest algorithm, hashing algorithm), mainstream programming language has been widel
There's a problem with the socket email.
I look at the Internet using the socket to send e-mail
Basically, it's the content that makes
Subject:
XXXXXXX, this is the place.
.
But I added a tag, like a Div.
Will always be escaped.
That in the content to put a picture in the direct receive not ... Depressed
What about the change???
The code is as follows
Class amail{public static $SMTP _prot = 25;public static $debug = true;public static $crlf = "\ r \ n";var $smtp _host;var $login _name;var $
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