connected to the target host or on a shared network, IP datagram is directly sent to the target host, otherwise, it is sent to the default vro and forwarded by the vro. Most user systems can be configured as routers. The IP layer has a route table in the memory. When receiving a datagram and sending it, you need to search for the table. When a datagram comes from a network interface, the IP address checks
Layer-7 network division
In 1978, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) proposed the "Open System Interconnection Reference Model", the famous OSI/RM model (Open System Interconnection/Reference Model ). It divides the communication protocol of the computer network architecture into seven layers:Layer 7: Application LayerLayer 6: Presentation
OverviewBoth TCP and UDP use the same network-layer IP, but unlike UDP, TCP is a connection-oriented, reliable byte-stream protocol. Therefore, both parties must establish a TCP connection before transmitting the data. TCP realizes the transmission of reliability through the mechanism of verification, serial number, acknowledgment response, retransmission mechanism, Connection management and window control.
BOOTP protocol(Bootstrap Protocol) is a TCP/IP-based Protocol that allows diskless sites to obtain IP addresses from a central server, assign a dynamic IP address to the diskless workstation in the LAN. You do not need to set a static IP address for each user. When using the BOOTP Protocol, it generally includes Bootst
I. Analysis of the Three-way handshake protocol
First, let's look at one of the most common things in our life:
During our online shopping, we often chat with customer service like this: We asked Customer Service about something, Customer Service answered, and then we broke the network... After a while, we will log on again and receive a response from the customer service.
This interaction process co
message transfer process that ultimately completes the delivery of the message data to one or more mailboxes.
Rcptto:
Identifies the addresses of individual message recipients
DATA
Receiving SMTP will treat the behavior that follows as mail data to
.
to identify the end of the data.
REST
exit/Reset the current message transfer
NOOP
requires the receive SMTP to do only the OK answer. (For testing)
We use the Internet every day, have you ever wondered how it is implemented?Billions of computers worldwide, connected together, 22 communication. Beijing, a piece of network card sent out the signal, Shenzhen, another card incredibly received, the two actually do not know each other's physical location, you do not think this is a very magical thing?in order to make the various computers can be interconnected, ARPANET specified a set of computer commu
in order to provide services to the client, get the contents of the client, you can get the client object connected through the Accept method.3, you can communicate by getting the socket stream in the socket object and the specific client.4, if the communication is over, close the resource. Note: To close the client first, then close the server.Class tcpserver{public static void Main (string[] args) throws exception{ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket (10002);//Socket Service set up for serverSo
Read Catalogue
I. Operating System Fundamentals
Two. Principles of network communication
2.1 The essence of the Internet is a series of network protocols
2.2 OSI layer Seven protocol
2.3 TCP/IP five-layer model explained
2.3.1 Physical Layer
2.3.2 Data Link Layer
2.3.3 Network Layer
Network programming, and obtain protocol data by protocol name-Linux general technology-Linux technology and application information. The following is a detailed description. # Include
# Include
Int main ()
{
Struct protent * pro;
Pro = getprotobyname ("tcp ");
Printf ("protocol name: % s \ n"
I. Communication protocol
When building a network, you must choose a network communication protocol, so that users can "communicate" with each other. Protocol (PROTOCOL) is a set of rules that
I. Introduction
After the program runs, the time protocol (rfc868) is obtained through the network. If it fails to be obtained within five seconds, it will continue to retry after three seconds until it is obtained successfully.
After obtaining the time, the program will try to adjust the computer system time. If the adjustment is successful, a message box will pop up:
Your computer system time wa
This article mainly introduces the network protocol overview: the physical layer, the connection layer, the network layer, the transport layer, the application layer detailed, this article uses the postman and the Post office in the life to help to understand the complex network pr
This series of articles summarizes Linux network stacks, including:(1) Linux Network protocol Stack Summary(2) Network multipart offload technology Gso/tso/ufo/lro/gro in non-virtualized Linux environment(3) QEMU/KVM Network multipart offload technology in virtualized Linux
I. Internet ProtocolConnecting two computers to the Internet is actually a set of uniform standards, which are called Internet protocols, and the essence of the Internet is a series of network protocols. Second, why should have Internet ProtocolInternet Protocol is the equivalent of English in the computer world. Its features: a standard that defines how computers connect to the Internet, and computers that
Cited:http://coach.iteye.com/blog/2024511What are TCP and UDP, and what are the differences between them?TCP is all called Transmission Control protocol. This protocol can provide connection-oriented, reliable, point-to-point communication.The UDP full name is the User Datagram Protocol, which can provide non-connected unreliable point-to-multipoint communication
(1) UDP is a connectionless protocol. The source end of data transmission does not establish a connection with the terminal. when it wants to transmit data, it simply crawls data from the application, and throw it to the network as quickly as possible. At the sending end, the speed of UDP data transmission is limited only by the speed at which the application generates data, the ability of the computer, and
Http://www.cnblogs.com/zmkeil/archive/2013/05/01/3053545.htmlThis title is more tangled, the previously known PPPoE as the underlying carrier of the PPP protocol, and in fact it is a complete protocol, but its implementation is relatively simple, it is easy to understand how the Linux network stack implementation.1. General statementThe
Network Game Type: the angle of development
Peer client-to-server
Online games based on the hall
Network Game of pure C/s structure
Network Communication ProtocolProtocol (PROTOCOL): A collection of two rules that control the exchange of data between entities.
Syntax (data format, encodin
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