). Our commonly used Intel Pentium, Celeron series and AMD Athlon, Sempron series are based on complex instruction sets, and these CPUs based on the complex instruction set also have 32-bit and 64-bit register data bandwidth differences. The content of these instruction sets and the difference between the register data bandwidth is very complicated, and is not the focus of this article, interested friends can search the relevant content on the Internet. Because of the different CPU types, there
selection, hardware detection, and hardware configuration file selection. During this process, the required files include ntldrw.boot.ini?ntdetect.com=ntoskrnl.exe, Ntbootdd. sys, and Bootsect. dos (optional ).
1. initialize the Boot Loader
In this phase, ntldr is first introduced, which switches the processor from Real Mode to 32-bit Flat Memory Mode ). The main reason for not using the real mode is that in the real mode, the first 640 KB in the mem
detection, and hardware configuration file selection. During this process, the required files include ntldrw.boot.ini?ntdetect.com=ntoskrnl.exe, ntbootdd. sys, and bootsect. Dos (optional ).
Initialize Boot LoaderIn this phase, ntldr is first introduced, which switches the processor from real mode to 32-bit flat memory mode ). The main reason for not using the real mode is that in the real mode, the first 640 kb in the memory is reserved for the MS-D
The real takeover system of NT starts from the Boot Sector of the NT partition being booted. the Boot Code of the boot fan is written during NT installation. when NT is installed in the FAT partition, NT setup writes the boot code that can identify the fat Fs. When NT is installed in the NTFS partition, NT setup writes the NTFS boot code. therefore, the boot sector contains a piece of Related File System code. note! This code can only perform read operations on the file system, but not write ope
?ntdetect.com=ntoskrnl.exe, ntbootdd. sys, and bootsect. Dos (optional ).Initialize Boot LoaderIn this phase, ntldr is first introduced, which switches the processor from real mode to 32-bit flat memory mode ). Don't use the main memory of the real mode-because in the real mode, the first 640kb in the memory is reserved for the MS-DOS, and the remaining memory is used as the extended memory, in this way, Windows XP cannot use all the physical memory.
First of all, I declare that my level is not high, so my mind is not low when I write this article. I just want to write my own experiences and hope to help all of you. Thank you.
Don't talk nonsense. Let's get started with the question below
To learn how to troubleshoot computer system faults, you must first understand the computer startup procedure.The following is my summary After referring to other articles. There may be errors. For more information, see ~~~
To simplify the process, follow t
: bcdedit/create {ntldr}/d "Ubuntu Linux" bcdedit/set {ntldr} device partition = C: bcdedit/set {ntldr} path/ntldr bcdedit/displayorder {ntldr}/addlast solution B: (Be sure to modify the result returned by the First Command ): bcdedit/copy {
Plug and Play, then the computer hardware device will be inspected and configured to complete. The computer's underlying input/output system (BIOS) locates the boot device of the computer, and then the MBR (Masterbootrecord) is loaded and run. In the pre-boot phase, the computer loads the Windows XP NTLDR file.
(b) pilot phase
The Windowsxpprofessional boot phase contains 4 small phases.
First, the computer passes through the initial boot loader p
on to the desktop to complete the startup, it has gone through the following phases:
1. Pre-Boot phase;
2. Pilot phase;
3. kernel loading phase;
4. initialize the kernel;
5. log on.
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Detailed introduction of each startup phase
A) pre-guided phaseThis is called the Pre-Boot phase during which the computer is started by pressing the power of the computer and before the Windows XP Professional operating system is start
Miss bootmgr problem bootmgr: Start manager. Bootmgr is short for Boot Manager. It is a new start Manager used in Windows Vista and Windows 7 to replace the START Manager-NTLDR in Windows xp. In Microsoft's Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, and Windows 7 operating systems, the startup process is slightly different from the previous Windows version with NT as the kernel. Bootmgr is equivalent to the NTLDR
Recently, due to work testing needs, multiple operating systems (XP, VISTA, WIN7) have been installed on one computer ), however, window7 only displays startup options such as "previous versions of the system" and needs to be modified to facilitate access to the desired system. However, it is found that C:/boot. ini cannot be directly modified in Windows 7, as in Windows XP. You must use the bcdedit command as an administrator. The record is as follows:BcdeditDirectoryBcdedit IntroductionNotes b
simple language as follows (for beginners only, do not worry about whether it is rigorous or accurate)
When the system starts, the BIOS is run first after power-on, and the BIOS then gives control to the MBR. The MBR determines the partition from which to continue the boot. The first sector of the pilot partition may be another boot program, which can further determine how to boot the system and boot.
Generally, when we only use Windows, MBR finds a Windows partition in a standard way and direc
PAE), MMU uses three-level tables for address translation, which are page Directory pointers, page Directory Index, page table index, and page byte offset. The first three items are 8 bytes long, and the author processes them as 4 bytes during parsing.Specific modification method: In the MM. c file, change the PAE offset to 8 in the à mmgetphysicaladdress function;
Note: address translation requires only two-level tables, page Directory indexes, and page table indexes. Each entry is 4 bytes lon
BcdeditCommand is not completely parsed, bcdedit is located in X:/Windows/system32/"X:" For installationVista.
Storage operation commands
/Createstore creates a new blank STARTUP configuration data file.
Bcdedit/createstore C:/data/BCD create a bcd startup configuration data file and store it in the "C:/data/" folder.
/Export backup start configuration data file.
Bcdedit/export "C:/data/BCD backup" back up the bcd startup configuration file to the "C:/data/" folder and name it "BCD backup.
/Im
vista to install the disc for restoration:1. Under Vista, click Start-all programs-Attachments-right-click "command prompt (CMD)" and select Run as administrator.2. Enter the command
Bcdedit/create {ntldr}/D "Windows XP Professional"Bcdedit/set {ntldr} device partition = C:Bcdedit/set {ntldr} path/ntldrBcdedit/displayorder {
inserted.3) motherboard driver damaged --- reinstall the motherboard driver4) The boot sequence is changed to the boot sequence of the disc, but the optical drive does not have the relevant disk-you need to change the hard disk boot back.5) The ntldr boot file is lost and repaired with the system disk.6) Try to reinstall the system or change the hard disk.Ntldr is an important boot file when Windows XP is started. The above prompt indicates that the
In protection mode, ring0 has the highest permissions and has been a lot of hackers.ProgramOn the NT platform, Ms protects system tables and cannot directly modify system tables like Win9x. However, there are still many ways to access ring0, for example, in China, the earliest sinister used the method of writing the driver to enter ring0, which is also the most common method, webcrazy uses the method of reading and writing physical memory to read and write the physical memory where gdt is locate
Windows NT boot process:
1. Run power-on self-check (post)Program2. the BIOS reads the first physical sector of the disk and loads the image to the memory. Then, the BIOS passes the execution of the Main Boot Sector to the image.3. Load the Master Boot Record to the memory, including the disk partition table and a small number of executableCodeThen, the primary Boot Record finds the starting position of the active partition.4. Load the Boot Sector of the active partition to the memory and execu
Self-Test: Mainly monitor the motherboard, CPU, memory and other computer hardware equipment used in information;(2) Locate the appropriate boot device and load the partition table and the main boot code in the MBR,MBR, and navigate to the active partition through the main boot code;(3) After the active partition is found through the MBR, load the BOOT sector into the memory and execute the code from the active partition;(4) Find NTLDR file through B
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