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OSI reference model Introduction: Open System Interconnection (OSI) is an open reference model for interconnection of traffic systems. It is a well-defined protocol specification. The OSI model has a layer-7 structure, and ea

Many training institutions and training tutorials have taken the "OSI Reference Model" as the beginning of the curriculum, which is a very important foundation for our learning network. The following is the OSI structure diagramOSI: Layer Seventh Application layer (application)Sixth Layer Presentation layer (Presentation)Level fifth sessionFourth layer Transport

1. Model Physical Layer: converts data into electronic signals that can be transmitted through physical media equivalent to a porter in the post office. The passes the media transfer bits, providing the mechanical and electrical specifications. The mainly defines the physical device standards, such as the interface type of the network cable, the interface type of the fiber, the transmission rate of various transmission media, etc. Its main role is

OSI Virtual Machine Model "Virtual" means that although an object or device does not exist at a certain time, people can see it. The word "Virtual Machine" is easy for many people to think about. Pop Media and News Broadcasts often use the word "virtual" when reporting new developments in computer simulation and computer games. In any situation, the use of "virtual" means that although an o

Application layer: HTTP Application layerPresentation layer: Coding presentation LayerSession Layer: Port Session LayerTransport Layer: TCP/UDP Protocol Transport LayerNetwork layer: IP tag +--Network layer--+ Network layerData Link layer: Computer MAC address Tag |　　　| Data Link LayerPhysical layer: Network cable, Crystal Head, computer socket | +----> Physical layer+------------------------------------->+"The bottom layer serves the upper layer and is transparent, and the corresponding protoco

Osi:open System interconnection Open Systems interconnectBirth date: The 1970sDevelopment Organization: ISO (International Organization for Standardization)Historical reasons for the OSI Reference Model:International hope that different manufacturers of products can communicate with each other.Features: LayeringDefinition of a layer: a logical grouping of functionally similar functions during communicationTiering Benefits1. Reduce the difficulty and c

Friends who are interested in network programming may have heard of the OSI seven layer model, and the next one is a diagram of the entire protocol implemented under Windows. Implementation structure of the OSI seven layer model under Windows +-------------------------------+ | Ws2_32.d

The correspondence between the OSI model and the TCP/IP protocol the layers of popular TCP/IP protocols are not divided by the OSI reference model, but have a general correspondence with them. Network layer protocols mainly include the IP protocol to encapsulate and send IP packets. Grouping routing and avoiding blocki

Tag:httpioosarsp Data divon code The Http://baike.baidu.com/view/69334.htmMAC (Media Access Control) address, or MAC location, is used to define the locations of network devices. In the OSI model, the third layer of the network layer is responsible for the NBSP;IP address, while the second layer of data link is responsible for MAC addresses. Therefore, a host will have an IP address, and each network locat

repeater with multiple ports is a hub (for example, if the transmission distance of twisted pair wires is m and the signal length exceeds the whole length, the communication fails. In this case, we need a repeater to expand the signal !).Conclusion: In the osi7 layer protocol, when user a communicates with user B Over FTP, user a first activates port 21 of the application layer and requires that user a provide file transfer services for themselves. After port 21 is activated, send the data to t

Over FTP, user a first activates port 21 at the application layer and needs to provide file transfer service for himself, After port 21 is activated, the data is sent to the presentation layer. The presentation layer encrypts and compresses the data, and then the presentation layer submits the data to the Session Layer. The Session Layer establishes a session and ends a session, but establishes a session, end the session. If you do not implement the session, you only need to manage the session

/wKiom1YltaTRh9BrAAEycQZGSYE235.jpg "title=" QQ picture 20151020113143.png "alt=" Wkiom1yltatrh9braaeycqzgsye235.jpg "/>ICMP protocolLevel of understanding: according to the package classification: if understood as encapsulated on the IP layer 4Classification by service object: Three Layer service is three layer ICMP for IP service so three tierICMP Check network is unblocked, divided into two categories: 1 difference message, 2 information class messageFor example, ping belongs to information c

　　　　　　　　　　　Network programmingNetwork model: OSI (Open System Interconnection Open System interconnect) Reference Model TCP/IP Reference Model Seven Floor Brief:1. Layer Physical layer: The main definition of physical equipment standards, such as the interface type of network cable, the interface type

Layer function in OSI TCP/IP protocol familyApplication layer File transfer, e-mail, file service, virtual terminal tftp,http,snmp,ftp,smtp,dns,telnetpresentation layer data formatting, code conversion, data encryption no protocolsession layer lifted or established contact with other Contacts no protocolThe transport layer provides an end-to-end interface to the TCP,UDP network layer for packet selection routing IP,ICMP,RIP,OSPF,BGP,IGMP the data link

between a-B and the reliability of the connection4) package The data at the network layer and define the destination IP address and source IP address in front of the packaged data5) Reprocessing at the data link layer, the data mask after processing defines the target Mac and source MAC address6) Re-physical layer, eventually changing the data to machine and identification of the 10101 binary encoding, and then transmission on the network cable7) to the router to the data forwarding, in order t

1.UDP protocolUDP is a connectionless transport layer protocol in the OSI Reference Model, which is mainly used for transport that does not require packet order arrival, and the packet transmission sequence is completed by the application layer [2], providing a simple and unreliable information delivery service for transactions. The UDP protocol is basically the interface between IP protocol and upper layer

representation, implementation of specific functions, such as encryption and decryption (Ascii,mp4 ... ）。Session Layer: Managing the application session, synchronizingTransport Layer: Reliable (TCP) and unreliable (UDP) transmissions, pre-transmission detection, flow controlNetwork layer: Provides logical address (IP), routingData link layer, frame, access media with MAC address, error detection and correctionPhysical layer: The transmission of bits (machine language) between devices, physical

OSI Virtual machine model "Virtual" is to hint at a certain time, although an object or device does not exist, but people can see it The word "virtual machine" is easy for many people to have a rich association. The word "virtual" is often used in popular media and news broadcasts when reporting on new developments in computer simulations and computer games. In either case, the use of "virtual" is sug

Layer description The application layer provides the corresponding interface for users to use the network connection function.The presentation layer completes data formattingThe Session Layer controls the communication links between two hosts (open, operate, and close)The transport layer provides data transmission services (reliable or unreliable)The network layer provides a addressing/addressing mechanism between two hosts and is responsible for packet routing.The data link layer controls the

First, the physical layer1. Responsible for the transmission of the bit stream between the equipment, physical interface, electrical characteristics and so on.It's not, it's only 1, 3, 2, 64 lines for transmitting data, the rest of the line doesn't matter,Similar functions are controlled by the physical layer.2. Most common devices in the physical layerSecond, Data link layer1. The main function of data link layer is to encapsulate frame, access media with MAC address, error detection and correc