osi protocol stack

The linux OSI Layer-7 model, TCP/IP protocol stack, and the structure of each layer reveal big secrets. The osi protocol stack When I learn Linux, I know the OSI model even if I am a li

, hardware and software to achieve the way. The fifth to seventh layers of the OSI reference model are called high-level (upper layer) and several layers (host layer), which are used to ensure the correct transmission of data and are implemented in software mode.OSI seven-layer function: TCP/IP protocol Stack Because the

network, network interconnection devices are often located in the next three layers, hardware and software to achieve the way. The fifth to seventh layers of the OSI reference model are called high-level (upper layer) and several layers (host layer), which are used to ensure the correct transmission of data and are implemented in software mode.OSI Layer Seven features:TCP/IP protocol stackBecause the

/IP protocol are hierarchical and are based on the concept of a separate protocol stack. The OSI Reference Model has 7 layers, and the TCP/IP protocol has only 4 layers, that is, the TCP/IP protocol does not have a presentation la

protocol are hierarchical and are based on the concept of a separate protocol stack. The OSI Reference Model has 7 layers, and the TCP/IP protocol has only 4 layers, that is, the TCP/IP protocol does not have a presentation layer

Introduction: Before 1990, the hierarchical model dominated by data communication and networking literature was the Open Systems Interconnection (open system Interconnection,osi) model, and now the TCP/IP protocol family became the dominant commercial architecture. An OSI seven-layer model 1.1 Physical Layer The mechanical and electrical specifications that relat

1. Relationship between the OSI seven layer and the TCP/IP four layer 1.1 OSI introduces the concepts of services, interfaces, protocols, and hierarchies, and TCP/IP builds the TCP/IP model using these concepts from OSI. 1.2 OSI first has the model, then has the agreement, first has the standard, then carries on the pr

In this topic, we will discuss network security from the perspective of OSI hierarchy. We will study the OSI stack in depth from the physical layer to the application layer. Starting from analyzing vulnerabilities at each layer, this paper assumes the various possibilities of these vulnerabilities and discusses security defense measures at each network layer. Aft

OSI network layer-7 protocol and its functions OSI is an open reference model for communication between systems. It is a well-defined protocol specification. The OSI model has a layer-7 structure, and each layer can have several child layers. Next I will briefly introduce th

Everyone who has studied computer networks must know the OSI seven layer protocol model. The OSI layer Seven protocol model (or OSI seven layer model) is a well-defined protocol specification and is considered a standard reference

In this topic, we will discuss network security from the perspective of OSI hierarchy. We will study the OSI stack in depth from the physical layer to the application layer. Starting from analyzing vulnerabilities at each layer, this paper assumes the various possibilities of these vulnerabilities and discusses security defense measures at each network layer. Aft

corresponds to each layer in the TCP/IP protocol model:3. Encapsulation and decryption of data:4. OSI Network architecture layer protocols:(1) Application layer: TELNET, FTP, TFTP, SMTP, SNMP, HTTP, BOOTP, DHCP, DNS(2) Presentation layer:Text: Ascii,ebcdicGraphics: tiff,jpeg,gif,pictVoice: Midi,mpeg,quicktime(3) Session layer: NFS, SQL, RPC, X-windows, ASP (apptalk Session

Parameters: Server address ( tuple ) 3. Messaging 4. Closing socketsExampleService side:from socket import *# 创建套接字对象sockd = socket()# 绑定IP地址sockd.bind(("127.0.0.1", 6666))# 设置监听套接字sockd.listen(5)# 等待客户端链接cond, addr = sockd.accept()# 接受客户端消息（单次1024字节）data = cond.recv(1024)print(data.decode())# 发送消息cond.send(b"Hello, I‘m the server")# 关闭套接字cond.close()sockd.close()Here the native test can use two Telnet commands to link the server side testServer:from socket import *# 创建套接字so

[TechTarget China original] OSI Mode layer 4th is the transport layer, which is located in the middle of the OSI Mode. This chapter describes fingerprint recognition and its relationship with the transport layer. Fingerprint recognition is an operating system (OS)-level function. To better understand how fingerprint recognition works, we first need to review some basic concepts of the transport layer: ident

The correspondence between the OSI model and the TCP/IP protocol the layers of popular TCP/IP protocols are not divided by the OSI reference model, but have a general correspondence with them. Network layer protocols mainly include the IP protocol to encapsulate and send IP packets. Grouping routing and avoiding blocki

The relationship between the transport layer and the network layer In the protocol stack, the transport layer is located on the network layer. The Transport Layer Protocol provides logical communication for processes running on different hosts, while the network layer protocol provides logical communication for differe

the receiving side must send back the acknowledgement, and if the packet is lost, it must be resent.Network layer:Responsible for communication between neighboring computers. Its functions include three aspects.First, processing packets from the transport layer to send the request, after receiving the request, will be grouped into the IP datagram, populate the header, select the path to the host, and then send the datagram to the appropriate network interface.Second, the processing of input dat

1.UDP protocolUDP is a connectionless transport layer protocol in the OSI Reference Model, which is mainly used for transport that does not require packet order arrival, and the packet transmission sequence is completed by the application layer [2], providing a simple and unreliable information delivery service for transactions. The UDP protocol is basically the

OSI is an abbreviation for open System interconnection, meaning open Systems interconnection, the International Organization for Standardization (Iso,international Organization for Standardization) developed the OSI model, The model defines the standards of interconnection of different computers and is the basic framework for designing and describing computer network communication.① Physical layer: to give

takes 0 and a positive integer)2.2 Root port of the non-root switch is elected.1. Select a small cost (the larger the bandwidth, the smaller the overhead), the closer the root switch is.2. Neighbor Bridge ID is small.3. Port ID (port number) (upstream ports) Select a small2.3 Designated Port of the electoral segment0. This network segment refers to the data link segment, such as the connection between switch B and C is the network segment.1. Select a small cost (the larger the bandwidth, the sm