5. Consider the following sequence:AtgcttaacgtgcttaacctgaagcttccgctgaagaacctgCtgaacccgcttaagcttaagctgaaccttctgaacctgctt(a) Estimating each probability value based on this sequence and calculating the first, second, Sankai and four order entropy of the sequence.Solution : (a) According to test instructions:P (A) =21/84=0.25 P (T) =22/84=0.27 P (G) =16/84=0.19 P (C) =24/84=0.28So the first-order entropy is:H=-log2 (0.25) * 0.25-LOG2 (0.27) * 0.27-LOG2 (0.19) * 0.19-LOG2 (0.28) * 0.28= 0.5 + 0.51+
In the theory of personality, it was written in the theory of Psychological Analysis by flink. Before the fifth day, it was the relationship between personality development and early childhood, I want the animation of the quick Bi to focus on some parts of the body, including the mouth. during these periods, if you have enough sex, you will have a great influence on the development of your future personality, if you cannot write your personality properly, it will make your personality developmen
Principle of stepper motor
According to common sense, the wiring of stepper motor depends on the color of the wire. However, the color of the stepping motor produced by different companies is different. Especially foreign stepper motors.
Then, the stepper motor wiring should be made with a multimeter.
The internal structure of stepper motor is as follows:
We can see that ,~ A is connected, B and ~ B is China Unicom. So, a and ~ A is a group of A, B, and ~ B is a group of B.
Whether it is t
Mobile End, now the development enters the end of the third phase. However, the Server API version is hard to handle. v3.0 still has many changes to v1.0. How can we support the 1-3 versions? If there is an interface file in phase I, there will be a minor version. I would like to ask you to give me a mobile terminal. Now the development is at the end of the three phases. However, the Server API version is h
I am here to build wheels for you-Phase II, Phase II-Phase II
During project development, it is often necessary to parse the string to obtain the tag value, so as to match the stored value in the local database to achieve the effect of data transmission;
This is also the case in the game. Through string operations or string parsing operations, the goal of parsing
Transaction and two phase commit, three-phase commit protocol (finite state automata)
• Acid for 1 transactionsA transaction is the fundamental to ensure that a database is permanently changed from one consistent state to another, where acid is the basic attribute of a transaction.A is a atomicity, atomic nature. A transaction often involves a lot of child operations, and atomicity guarantees that the child
Because transactions need to implement acid, that is, atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability, a certain mechanism is required to ensure that transactions are committed in stages.
XA: XA protocol, which specifies the Transaction Manager and resource manager interfaces and adopts the two-phase commit protocol.Phase-1 Submission Protocol
The phase-1 Submission protocol is relatively simple, for exam
Two phase submission and three-phase submission understanding
This paper mainly through the carding process to explain the shortcomings of 2PC, and summarize the advantages of 3PC.
One, 2PC process and deadly problem
As shown in the figure, the 2PC process is brief:1. The coordinator participant is in Init state and the participant waits for the message.2. The coordinator enters the prepare state to send t
JavaScript is a weak type of language relative to other languages, in other such as the Java language, the execution of a program requires a compile phase, while in JavaScript there is a similar "precompilation phase" (JavaScript is precompiled in a block of code
First, there are two types of declarative methods in JavaScript, Var and function, which declare variables, and the latter declare methods.
In
JavaScript is a weak type of language relative to other languages, and in other Java languages, the execution of a program requires a compile stageThere is a similar "precompilation phase" in JavaScript (JavaScript precompilation is scoped to a block of code, i.e., each code block encountered is precompiled > execution ),First, in the popular science of JavaScript in two ways of declaring, Var and function, the former declares a variable, the latter
The fourth phase of the "Golden IT" Sharing and growth salon concluded, and the fourth phase
The fourth phase of the "Golden IT" sharing growth salon began in the autumn rain and ended in the autumn rain.
Different from the popularity of the past, this issue is only attended by three partners, which may be due to rainy days. However, the discussion is no less in
Two-phase commit Application Project (Two-phase commit protocol) 2 PC high concurrency
The requirement document for the entire system is described in English.A Simple 2-Phase Commit SystemThe company ABC provides its customers wire transfer service. for example, it can withdraw $1000 from John's account in Bank of China and deposit the money to John's an
1, any one technology, is to solve a problem, there is its use of the scene.2, consider the following application scenario: A commander, a,b,c,d four generals in four directions, the commander set up a plan for the siege tomorrow. How to ensure that four generals execute siege commands at the same time?The first stage: the commander sent to the general news, plans to siege tomorrow, four generals respectively reply is ready.The second stage: The commander confirms whether the four generals are r
Phase 1: complete implementation of a simple weather forecast application (Phase 2)
"Phase 1" means the first time I systematically studied Android development. This is mainly to record my learning process.
PreviousPhase 1: complete implementation of a simple weather forecast application (I)After completing the core functions of the application, we need to optim
I. BACKGROUNDThe first chapter of this book, distributed architecture, writes from a stand-alone acid to a distributed cap. See the previous article. This is the second chapter of the consistency agreement part, divided into two pieces of finishing. In a distributed system, in order to ensure high data availability, we typically keep multiple copies of the data (replica), which are placed on different physical machines. In order to provide users with the correct semantics such as add \ Delete \
distributed transactions under XA specifications
2. JTA
As a Java transaction specification, JTA (Java transaction API) also defines support for XA transactions. In fact, JTA is modeled based on the Xa architecture. In JTA, the transaction manager is abstracted as javax. transaction. the transactionmanager interface is implemented through the underlying transaction service (JTs. Like many other Java specifications, JTA only defines interfaces. The specific implementation is provided by the sup
One-phase commit protocol and two-phase commit protocol for transactions
Because transactions need to implement ACID, that is, atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability, a certain mechanism is required to ensure that transactions are committed in stages.
XA: XA protocol, which specifies the Transaction Manager and resource manager interfaces and adopts the two-p
difference to good arrangement, however, the implementation difficulty is also increased in turn. In practice, filters are used to implement Interpolation Basis Functions. Due to the symmetry of these interpolation functions, the interpolation functions can be divided into two parts: horizontal and vertical interpolation, for example, two-dimensional linear interpolation functions correspond to Bilinear interpo lation, and the three functions correspond to Bilinear interpo lation ), the sinc in
This article mainly introduces information about the "pre-compilation phase" and "execution phase" during JavaScript running, if you need javascript, you can refer to it. javascript is a weak language compared to other languages. In other languages such as java, program execution requires a compilation stage, in javascript, there is also a similar "pre-compilation stage" (the pre-Compilation of javascript i
Reprinted: http://hi.baidu.com/liuhann/item/d644cfd873c904ffcb0c39b1
Two-phase submission Protocol
The key to implementing distributed transactions is the two-phase commit protocol. In this Protocol, one or more Resource Manager activities are controlled by a separate software component called the Transaction Coordinator. The five steps in this Protocol are as follows:
•
ApplicationProgramCall the c
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