With the continuous enrichment of communication services, more and more users need to rent the network resources of telecom operators to carry out various business communication or set up a special network. China's accession to the WTO will further and deepen the introduction of competition mechanism, will not only lead to domestic emerging telecom operators and traditional operators of telecommunications competition, At the same time, it will cause competition with the corresponding business pr
DescriptionGW is Zufe's God Ben, one day he thought of a magical transformation, and named it the GW transformationFor a number n, the value of the transformed GW (n) is, shilling x=nThe first step, if X is single digit, GW (n) =x, otherwise perform the second step;In the second step, the number of the odd position of X is the sum of a, even position and B, x=a*b
1.dt:dial Tone (not related to GW) dial tonePublic network GW SIPDT-----> (Lifting machine)2.rbt:ringer busy tone back ring tonePublic network GW SIP->invite->alert-RBT---------------------------->3. Sdt:second dial Tone (second dial tone, GW self-generated) first dial the host number, then the extension numberPublic n
This article introduces, in Linux set the IP address, gateway, DNS method, have the need for friends to make a reference bar.There are two ways to set up a Linux network:First: Use the command to modify (direct immediate effect)Copy Codecode example:IP and netmask:# ifconfig eth0 192.168.30.197 netmask 255.255.255.0Gateway# route Add default GW 192.168.30.1 eth0Dns:# VI Etc/resolv.confNameServer 202.131.80.1NameServer 202.131.80.5Second: Modify the co
Linux makes Enterprise Gateway GW (NAT) detailed configuration Recently, because of the company's router aging caused by internet interruption, the last half-hour network broke once the network, for which I have a headache, the spirit of the company's purpose of saving costs, decided to get a CentOS gateway route, so in the online search, patchwork, finally, the gateway routed to get it done. I saw that there was not a complete description of the Cent
Network card configuration static IP addressEdit File/etc/network/interfaces:sudo vi/etc/network/interfacesUse the following line to replace the line about Eth0: # The Primary network interfaceAuto Eth0Iface eth0 inet StaticAddress 192.168.3.90Gateway 192.168.3.1Netmask 255.255.255.0#network 192.168.3.0#broadcast 192.168.3.255Replace the above IP address with your own. Use the following command to make the network settings effective:sudo/etc/init.d/networking restartUbuntu set static IP
Brief introduction
I read the article several times about using external libraries to debug PHP code (such as: firephp), and reading this article you will find that it is not necessary to use these external libraries in Yii.Yii has built-in
= 1; (foo)->is_ref__gc = 0;
As you can see, Make_std_zval has done three things: allocating memory, initializing RefCount, is_ref in the zval structure.
Some macros are available in the kernel to simplify our operations, and you can set the type and value of the zval in just one step.
API Macros for accessing Zval
Macro
Implementation method
Zval_null (PVZ)
Z_type_p (PZV) = Is_null
operations. you can set the zval type and value in only one step.
API Macros for Accessing zval
Macro
Implementation method
ZVAL_NULL (pvz)
Z_TYPE_P (pzv) = IS_NULL
ZVAL_BOOL (
(z, Zval, zval_cache_list) #define ZEND_FAST_ALLOC (p, type, Fc_type) (P) = (type *) Emalloc (Sizeo f (type)) #define INIT_PZVAL (z) (z)->refcount__gc = 1; (z)->is_ref__gc = 0;
Make_std_zval (foo) expands and gets:[PHP] View plaincopy
(foo) = (Zval *) emalloc (sizeof (zval));(foo)->refcount__gc = 1; (foo)->is_ref__gc = 0;
As you can see, Make_std_zval has done three things: allocating memory, initializing RefCount, is_ref in the zval structure.Some macros are available in the
How does a multi-layer switch realize interconnection between different network segments ?, Multi-layer switch
Lab Name:How does a multi-layer switch implement intercommunication between different network segments?
Lab requirements:
(1) layer-3 switches are gateways of vlan10, 20, 30, and 40 respectively.
(Gateway IP-192.168.X.250/24)
Vlan 10 192.168.10.0/24
Vlan 20 192.168.20.0/24
Vlan 30 192.168.30.0/24
Vlan 40 192.168.40.0/24
(2) The Gateway runs ospf to achieve network interconnection,
(3) E
netmask/28 defines the Health Check Methods for each link: ping-cnc-gwping-cmcc-gwping-cernet-gw 2) Configure the server template and set 1) the snat-pool and health-check configured in the template reference the CERNET template. The source nat is not performed and the health check method is called. The slb template port tem-cernet health-check ping-cernet-gw connection template performs source nat and cal
P1135-Plants vs. Zombies From YTT
Normal (OI)
Total time limit: 10 s memory limit: 128 MB code length limit: 64 kB Background although it has been so many days, although the lonely play many times against plants and zombies ,, I still think it is more fun to write a question than to control botnets. 'description Description: Plants vs. botnets
[Problem description]
Plants Vs. Zombies (PVZ) is a popular little game recently. Plants and zombies are the
. Destination Gateway genmask flags Metric Ref use Iface----------- ------- ------- nbsp ----- ----- ------ -----192.19.12 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 un 0 nbsp ; 0 0 eth0 default routing when the host cannot find the destination host's IP address or network route in the routing table, the packet is sent to the default route (the default gateway). The Flags field for the default route is G. For example, in the following example, the default route is a router with an IP
Tags: kernel range ace Dev Mask related add virtual network etcIn daily life, or in the server, there are multiple network cards to configure multiple addresses, access to different network segments, this is a very common phenomenon, this time we need to add multiple routes to achieve multi-network segment traffic.First, set the current terminal routing (again The power is not effective)1. Show existing routesRoute[root@localhost Network-scripts]#RouteKernel IP routing table Destination Gateway
0 eth00.0.0.0 202.98.56.94 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1
From this routing table, we can clearly know that there are only three routes, and when the returned data packet is 172.16.200.1
The packet is discarded and cannot be returned.
Here we can solve this problem by manually adding a static route on the root Login sw.We learned the following command through the guidance of the destiny and the flying stars outside the sky:
Route add-net 172.16.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0
Ways to add routes under Linux:One: Use the route command to addRoutes added using the route command, the machine restarts, or the network card restarts, the route is invalidated, by:Routes added to the host# route add–host 192.168.168.110 Dev eth0# route Add–host 192.168.168.119 GW 192.168.168.1Routes added to the network# route add–net IP netmask MASK eth0# route add–net IP netmask MASK GW IP# route Add–n
: indicates a gateway, but not necessarily a target gateway. The default gateway is only the target address 0.0.0.0.
Metric: Metric value, indicating the overhead to be entered in the middle of the network
Ref: Number of references to this route. (Not used in the Linux kernel .)
Use: Count of lookups for the route
Iface: which Nic interface of the host is used to send data
(2) Add:
Route add [-net |-host] target [netmask Nm] [gw
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