First, Lvs-natDescription: Multi-Objective Dnat, the target address in the request message through Director modification and port for the selection of the LVS selected RS Rip and port implementation of the forwardingCharacteristics:(1) RIP and dip must be on the same network, and the private network address should be used, and rip gateways must point to the dip(2
Dynamic and robust routing is extremely important for Internet networks. Therefore, any network engineer who is first involved in this field must not only understand the concept of routing, but also be able to control it in a real environment. However, the products provided by high-end network equipment suppliers such as Cisco in the routing field are all over the world. This means that most people can only learn routes in school or laboratory environments, it also has to be plagued by practical
Previous: static Router
DynamicRouting ProtocolFeatures
1) the dynamic routing protocol can automatically update its route table and send updated messages to other dynamic routing protocols it knows.
2) the purpose is to manage the work of the network administrator.
3) There must be a routing protocol suchRIPOrOSPF.
RIP route information selection Protocol
RIP is a distance vector routing protocol. It deter
Http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-21568264-id-203665.html1) Zebra is a very famous Linux open source routing software project, code written very beautiful, modular, very clear structure. I will not talk about the software framework. I have explained it in detail on the official zebra website. To put it simply, Zebra serves as a daemon to maintain Linux routing information, and rip is used by other modules, BGP and the daemon update and obtain route inform
slightly lower than four levels.3, the provision of solutions, according to their own project requirements and requirements to develop programs.Two, LVS virtual server1, Concept: LVS is a load balancing device. You do not provide services by accepting user requests and then forwarding them to back-end servers.2, LVS working principle:Analytical:2.1, the LVS forwardingThe retransmission of the LVS cluster device is confirmed by the user accessing its ip+ port, and the rear server is the one that
/init.d/lvs_server.sh stop #如果想重启LVS Server execution:/etc/init.d/lvs_server.sh Restart gw=10.0.0.1 # Netgetway vip=10.0.0.2 #虚拟IP, more specific circumstances #有几个输入几个, corresponding to the following configuration, and must correspond to Keepalived.config configuration rip1=10.0.0.5 #实际的服务器IP rip2=10.0.0.6 # The actual server IP rip3=10.0.0.7 #实际的服务器IP. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # If you are prompted for insufficient permissions, then execute on the command line: chmod 777/etc/rc.d/init.d/func
Detailed description of LVS Server Load balancer cluster service establishment
I. LVS Overview
1. LVS: Linux Virtual Server
Layer-4 Switching (Routing): forwards request packets to a server in the backend host Cluster Based on the target IP address and target PORT (based on Scheduling Algorithm );
Load Balancing at the application layer cannot be achieved
Lvs (also known as ipvs) is implemented based on the firewall netfilter in the kernel.
2. lvs cluster terminology:
Vs: Virtual Server
CCNP Study Notes 2-routing part-VPNReview the dynamic protocol: rip vpn ospf encapsulation UDP 520 IP 88 IP 89 update address 224.0.0.9 224.0.0.10 224.0.0.5/6 use passive to implement intercommunication between the two ends of unicast neighbor and the output interface to implement unicast NBMA point to multicast unicast key complete neighbor update methods, timing 30 seconds 15% offset, trigger incremental update, trigger timing 30 minutes trigger AD
RIP (Routing Information Protocols) Routing Information Protocol OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) Open Path First (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) Enhanced Internal Gateway Routing Protocol Static Routing: static Routing is only applicable to small networks or small to medium-sized networks with only a small scale. Manual Input and manual management are required. Management overhead is a huge burden for dynamic routing. Advantages: Excellen
The dynamic routing protocol is also an important part of the routing protocol. Many people may not know the detailed knowledge of RIP, OSPF, and VPN in the dynamic routing protocol, after reading this article, you must have gained a lot. I hope this article will teach you more things. We have already briefly introduced three types of Dynamic Routing Protocol algorithms: Distance Vector Algorithm, link state algorithm, and balanced hybrid algorithm. L
I. Lab Objectives
Master the configuration of Integrated routes;
View the routes generated by route redistribution;
Familiar with Wan cable connection methods;
Ii. Lab background
Assume that a company connects to the egress router R1 through a layer-3 switch, and router R1 is connected to another router R2. Layer 3 and R1 run the r12002 routing protocol, while R1 and R2 run the OSPF routing protocol. Now, we need to make proper configuration to implement communication between the company's
host D otherwise is indirect delivery execution (3).(3) If a specific host route with destination D in the routing table is routed to the next hop router indicated in the routing table, the datagram is executed otherwise (4).(4) If there is a route in the routing table that arrives at network N, the datagram is sent to the next hop router indicated by the routing table otherwise (5).(5) If there is a default route in the routing table, the datagram is routed to the default router indicated in t
0, R2 and R3 belong to the ospf region 1, R3 and R4 belong to the ospf Region 2, and R2 and R5 adopt the rip Protocol; 2. use virtual connection to connect area2 and area0 through area1. 3. route table reduction is achieved by setting a remote route and a full remote route. 4. achieve network-wide interconnection. Note: device models: R1, R2, R3: R2661; R4, R5: S35265E. Experiment configuration: for example, the ip address planned in the experiment t
, IPX, and appletalk. IP is the cornerstone of Internet. In the TCP/IP protocol system, other third-level auxiliary protocols include ARP (Address Resolution), RARP (Reverse Address Resolution), and ICMP (internet packet control) and IGMP (Group Management Protocol. Because all network interconnection devices have the path selection function, we often discuss the rip, OSPF, and other routing protocols at this layer.
Exchange
When talking about exchang
reporting and handling error situations. The ICMP protocol has multiple functions. In addition to sending route error messages to data senders, it can also detect the accessibility of network nodes (using icmpecho and reply information ), improve routing efficiency (icmpredirect information is used), and remind the sender that the packet exceeds the survival time (icmptimeexceeded information is used. In short, the ICMP protocol is an essential part of the entire IP network, especially for thos
address and target port in the request packet to a process of the rip and port of the back-end RS selected by the scheduling algorithm;Note the following questions:1.RIP and dip must be in the same network segment and should be a private IP address; The gateway to the RS should point to the dip;2. The request message and the response message must be forwarded by the Director, the director is easy to become
1, the following conditions as long as there is an unsatisfied, you need to use a dynamic routing protocol: 1) network size is small, 2) only one connection point for connecting to other networks, 3) No redundant routers (typically used as backup)2, the so-called dynamic routing is each router and its own adjacent routers to exchange the information of their connected networks, so that their own routing table is always up-to-date, and different communication update mode, called different dynamic
OSPF Protocol principle 1. ospf (Open Shortest Path First) is an Internal Gateway Protocol (IGP) used for decision-making routing in a single autonomous system (. Ospf runs directly on the IP protocol and uses protocol number 89. ospf is a link-State routing protocol, which is generally used in the same routing domain. A routing domain is an autonomous system. It refers to a group of networks that exchange route information through a unified routing policy or routing protocol. In this AS, all os
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