wave in the frequency domain, is not completely recognized? Textbooks are usually given here and then left to the reader endless reverie, and endless spit groove, in fact, as long as the textbook to fill a picture is enough: frequency domain image, known as the spectrum, is--A little clearer:It can be found that in the spectrum, the amplitude of even-numbered items is 0, which corresponds to the color line
integrity this is not.After introducing the basic elements of the frequency domain, we can look at a rectangular wave, another pattern in the frequency domain:What kind of strange thing is this?This is the appearance of the rectangular wave in the frequency domain, is not completely recognized? Textbooks are usually given here and then left to the reader endless reverie, and endless spit groove, in fact, as long as the textbook to fill a picture is enough: frequency domain image, known as the
1 Preface
Every year after the Spring Festival, the university begins, many students return to campus, the market also ushered in the traditional sales season.
For friends who have been involved in computer hardware for a long time, in the face of the market many graphics cards, they are very difficult to distinguish one by one, and in the purchase of graphics, it will inevitably fall into some misunderstandings: "High frequency graphics card is fast, memory capacity of the greater performance
With the development of the communication network towards broadband and mobile, the optical fiber wireless communication system (ROF) integrates Optical Fiber Communication and wireless communication, giving full play to the advantages of broadband and anti-interference of optical fiber lines, at the same time, it makes full use of the convenient and flexible wireless communication to meet people's needs for broadband. Early ROF technology was designed to provide high-frequency wireless transmis
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, spectrum resources, especially those under 3 GHz, become increasingly tense. Due to the emergence of Wireless LAN technology and wireless network technology, more and more people are using these technologies to connect to the Internet and telecommunication networks wirelessly. Most of these technologies use non-authorized frequency bands to make these frequencies saturated. However, some
During the course of study, this parameter is often used. Later I worked mainly on audio/speech codec, but the concept of cepstrum was rarely used. I saw these words when I read a paper today, I think it is very practical. Let's review this signal feature.
Time-cepstrum analysis is very effective when extracting the signal characteristics transmitted by the carrier. Cepstrum is widely used in the extraction of Speech Recognition feature parameters. This is because the essence of speech is the
to implement spectrum analysis or other work on the computer. The computer's requirement for signals is that both the time domain and frequency domain must be discrete and must be finite. While Fourier transform (FT) can only process continuous signals, DFT is born in response to such a need. It is the representation of Fourier transformation in discrete fields. However, in general, the calculation of DFT is very large. Before the first high-speed Fo
, signal processing, and other fields. We hope to implement spectrum analysis or other work on the computer. The computer's requirement for signals is that both the time domain and frequency domain must be discrete and must be finite. While Fourier transform (FT) can only process continuous signals, DFT is born in response to such a need. It is the representation of Fourier transformation in discrete fields. However, in general, the calculation of DFT
to implement spectrum analysis or other work on the computer. The computer's requirement for signals is that both the time domain and frequency domain must be discrete and must be finite. While Fourier transform (FT) can only process continuous signals, DFT is born in response to such a need. It is the representation of Fourier transformation in discrete fields. However, in general, the calculation of DFT is very large. Before the first high-speed Fo
Summary
Starting from the analysis of GSM spectrum efficiency, this paper analyzes the loss of spectrum efficiency of voice service after the GSM network is upgraded to GPRS, and the new data service access ability, and finally takes into account the maximum access ability of the integrated service under GSM current spectrum from the mutual substitution between
FFT (Fast Fourier transformation) is a classic algorithm used for digital signal processing. Many people who have studied DSP or chip design know this algorithm. However, have you ever wondered why there are so many FFT operations in digital signal processing? Some may say that in order to analyze the signal spectrum. The problem below is to analyze the daily needs of the spectrum, such as mobile phone call
1 Introduction
More and more applications require sampling analog signals, converting them into digital signals, performing various calculations and processing on digital signals, and then converting them into analog signals. This article discusses how to sample analog signals and shaping them to preserve the original signal.
2 baseband signal sampling and mixing analysis
Starting with the finite bandwidth signal, the finite bandwidth signal refers to the signal with a
The features of the four wireless extended communication technologies are completely explained. First, let everyone understand the features of the wireless extended communication technology, and then fully introduce the features of the wireless extended communication technology. It does not matter. After reading this article, you will certainly have a lot of GAINS, I hope this article will teach you more things.
The so-called spread-spectrum communica
The principle of PN Code synchronization in 1.CDMA system
The transmitter and receiver adopt high accuracy and high stability clock frequency source to ensure the stability of frequency and phase. But in the practical application, there are many uncertain factors, such as the instability of sending and receiving clocks, uncertainty of launch time, transmission delay and interference, especially in mobile communication, these uncertainties are random, can not be compensated in advance and can on
increasing popularity of 4G services, the promotion of traffic consumption will become more obvious. At the same time, the traffic characteristics of the mobile Internet era also show obvious asymmetry. According to the actual measurement data of some operators in the European, American, and Japanese markets, the downstream data traffic is generally 4 ~ of the upstream traffic ~ 9 times. It can be said that the rapid growth of data traffic consumption and obvious asymmetry reflect the main need
Understanding Discrete Fourier Transformation (4) ------ complex form discrete Fourier transformation uses the complex method very cleverly, making the Fourier transformation more natural and concise, it does not simply use the replacement method to use the plural, but analyzes the problem from the perspective of the plural, which is totally different from the real DFT.
I,
Returns the positive cosine of a number.Through the Euler's equation, the positive cosine function can be expressed as a com
each otherTo make better use of the system bandwidth, the sub-carrier can be spaced as close as possible.Figure 12: Close to FDM, in practice, considering the hardware implementation, demodulation of the first signal, it is difficult to completely remove the impact of the second signal (the implementation of the circuit after all, can not be as neat as scissors cutting paper), the two signals may have caused interference with each otherCan you come closer? OK. This is the origin of OFDM, ah, ne
broadband access network business development in different regions and different application scenarios, the maximum bandwidth of VDSL2 can reach 30 MHz. For bandwidth below 12 MHz, the Plan997 and Plan998 bandwidths of VDSL are adopted. Among them, Plan997 is suitable for the application mode of Bidirectional symmetric rate of medium and short distance, while Plan998 is suitable for the application mode of downlink high speed of medium and short distance.
Plan997 and Plan998 have a variety of e
Cognitive Radio (CR) technology effectively relieves the conflict between the lack of spectrum resources and the increasing demand for wireless access through secondary exploitation of the authorized spectrum, people are getting more and more attention.
To enable CR users to use spectrum holes and avoid harmful interference to authorized users, the Media Access C
difficult to completely remove the impact of the second signal (the implementation of the circuit after all, can not be as neat as scissors cutting paper), the two signals may have caused interference with each otherCan you come closer? OK. This is the origin of OFDM, ah, nearly equal to the Nyquist bandwidth (detailed later), so that the frequency band utilization reached the theoretical maximum value.Figure 13: Continue closer, the interval frequency is orthogonal to each other, so the
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