stanford university machine learning coursera

classification model, which gives us a better evaluation value and gives us a more direct way to evaluate the good and bad of the model. One last thing to keep in mind, in the definition of precision and recall, we define precision and recall rates, and we habitually use Y=1 to show that this class appears very little. So if we try to detect a very rare situation, like cancer. I hope it's a rare situation where precision and recall are defined as Y=1 rather than y=0, as some of the fewer classe

to the right in this image. We can generally see the two learning curves, the two curves of blue and red are approaching each other. Therefore, if we extend the curve to the right, it seems that the training set error is likely to increase gradually. The cross-validation set error will continue to decline. Of course, we are most concerned with cross-validation set errors or test set errors. So from this picture, we can basically predict that if we co

assumptions tend to be 0, but the actual labels are 1, both of which indicate a miscarriage of judgment. Otherwise, we define the error value as 0, at which point the value is assumed to correctly classify the sample Y.Then, we can use the error rate errors to define the test error, that is, 1/mtest times the error rate errors of H (i) (xtest) and Y (i) (sum from I=1 to Mtest).Stanford University public Cl

mathematical expression was unfolded using Taylor's formula, and looked a bit ugly, so we compared the Taylor expansion in the case of a one-dimensional argument.You know what's going on with the Taylor expansion in multidimensional situations.in the [1] type, the higher order infinitesimal can be ignored, so the [1] type is taken to the minimum value,should maketake the minimum-this is the dot product (quantity product) of two vectors, and in what case is the value minimal? look at the two vec

take an average of this evaluation mode.It is a useful algorithm to use the F-score algorithm to evaluate both precision and recall rates . The PR of the molecule determines that the precision ratio (P) and recall (R) must be large at the same time to ensure that the F score values are larger. If the precision ratio or recall rate is very low, close to 0, the direct result of the PR value is very low, approaching 0, that is, F score is also very low.At this point we compare three algorithms, we

be able to find the global optimal solution.When the training sample is very large, each update parameter needs to traverse all the sample calculation total error, so that the learning speed is too slow; this time the random gradient descent algorithm that calculates the error update parameters of a sample is usually more thanThe batch gradient descent method is faster. (Theoretically, there is no guarantee that the random gradient descent can conver

default is to use a hidden layer is a reasonable choice, but if you want to choose the most appropriate layer of hidden layer, you can also try to split the data into training sets, validation sets and test sets, and then try to use a hidden layer of neural network to train the model. Then try two, three hidden layers, and so on. Then see which neural network behaves best on the cross-validation set. That means you get three neural network models, one, two, and three hidden layers, respectively

is going when it is initialized, or we don't know where the driving direction is, only after the learning algorithm has been running long enough that the white section appears in the entire gray area, showing a specific direction of travel. This means that the neural network algorithm at this time has chosen a clear direction of travel, not like the beginning of the output of a faint light gray area, but the output of a white section.Stanford

Machine learning defines learning definitionArthur Samuel (1959). Machine Learning:field of study, gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed.There is no clear programming case to make the computer capable of learning the field of study.Four par

Terryj.sejnowski. (c) function interval and geometric interval of support vector machineto understand support vector machines (vectormachine), you must first understand the function interval and the geometry interval. Assume that the dataset is linearly divided. first change the symbol, the category y desirable value from {0,1} to { -1,1}, assuming that the function g is:The objective function H also consists of:Into:wherein, Equation 15 x,θεRn+1, and X0=1. In Equation 16, x,ωεRN,b replaces the

these matrices, and the θ superscript (j) becomes a wave matrix that controls the action from the first layer to the second or second to the third layer. The first hidden unit calculates its value in this way: A (2) 1 equals the S function or S-excitation function, also called the logical excitation function, which acts on the linear combination of this input. The second hidden unit equals the value of the S function on this linear combination. The parameter matrix controls the mapping from thr

mean vector for the above image is: 1.2 Gaussian discriminant analysis model When we have such a classification problem, its input characteristics are continuous random variables. Then we can apply Gaussian discriminant analysis (GDA): Use a multivariate Gaussian distribution to model P (x|y), as follows: The distributions are written like this: Here, the parameters of our model are φ,σ,μ0 and μ1 (note that there are 2 different mean vectors, but only one covariance matrix). Its logarithmic

This column (Machine learning) includes single parameter linear regression, multiple parameter linear regression, Octave Tutorial, Logistic regression, regularization, neural network, machine learning system design, SVM (Support vector machines Support vector machine), clust

Original handout of Stanford Machine Learning Course This resource is the original handout of the Stanford machine learning course, which is AndrewNg said that a total of 20 PDF files cover some important models, algorithms, and

friends, but also hope to get the high people of God's criticism!　　 　　 　　Preface　　[Machine Learning] The Coursera Note series was compiled with notes from the course I studied at the Coursera learning (Andrew ng teacher). The content covers linear regression, logistic regre