With the rapid development of e-commerce, information security has become one of the key issues, especially the requirements of online payment and online banking for information security. In order to carry out secure e-commerce activities on the Internet, public key infrastructure (PKI) has been widely used at home and abroad. Do we really need PKI? What is the use of P
5th Chapter-PKI and Certificate Service Application
First, public key infrastructure
(1), what is a PKI
ØPKI (public key infrastructure, PKI) is a technology that ensures information security by using public key technology and digital signatures, and is responsible for verifying the identity of a digital certificate holder
Ø In a
the public key of a to encrypt the data, B does not know whether the obtained public key is really from a, the same a decryption signature when the public key of B is not determined whether the public key is actually derived from B, which is dangerous in data transmission, there will be a third-party insertion in the transmission process, But both sides of the data do not know. This is a man-in-the-middle attack. To compensate for this danger, a third party's presence is required to verify the
Record how to install mysql-Invalid GPG Key from file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql, mysql-invalidgpg
Record problems encountered;
Install On aliyunMySQLDue to the last error in uninstalling mysql, the check file has a problem;
There are several Processing Methods
1. Download the verification file from the mysql website.
2. Skip verification and record the second type.
Edit File/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-commu
Cryptographic algorithm encryption based on PKI)
A single-key cryptographic algorithm, also known as symmetric cryptographic algorithms, refers to encryption.KeyThe same password algorithm as the decryption key. Therefore, when transmitting and processing information, the sender and receiver of information must jointly hold this password, which is called a symmetric password ). In symmetric key cryptography algorithms, encryption and decryption operat
Public Key digital signature algorithm Signature Based on PKI)
DSADigital Signature Algorithm, Digital Signature Algorithm, used as part of the Digital Signature standard), it is another public key Algorithm, it cannot be usedEncryption, Used only as a digital signature. DSA uses a public key to verify the data integrity and identity of the Data sender for the receiver. It can also be used by a third party to determine the authenticity of the signatur
Digital Certificate Based on PKI
Digital Certificates are the identity certificates for various entities (cardholders/individuals, merchants/enterprises, gateways/banks) to exchange information and conduct business activities online, all parties to the transaction need to verify the validity of the certificate of the other party, so as to solve the mutual trust problem. A certificate is a digital signature provided by the certificate authority.KeyThe
ConfigurationEnterprise Symantec NortonNT operating system,IIS has been installed
InstallSymantec Norton 10
Install System Center
Figure 1 install the Administrator tool
Figure 2 install Symantec System Center
Figure 3 install Symantec System Center according to the wizard
Figure 4 select the installatio
The X509 standard defines PKI as an infrastructure that supports public key management and supports authentication, encryption, integrity, and auditable services.P2 mentioned that PKI is an infrastructure. Its goal is to make full use of the theoretical basis of public key cryptography and establish a universally applicable infrastructure, provides comprehensive security services for various network applica
Windows has been providing robust, platform-wide support for public Key Infrastructure (PKI) since Windows 2000. This version contains the first native certification authority feature, introduces autoenrollment, and provides support for smart card authentication. In Windows XP and Windows Server 2003, these features have been extended to provide more flexible enrollment options through version 2 certificate templates, and to support autoenrollment of
This article is a detailed analysis of the PKI encryption Technology (OpenSSL) in PHP, which requires a friend's reference
The code is as follows:
generate private key and public key genrsa-out PRIVATE-RSA.PEM rsa-in Private-rsa.pem-pubout-out Pubic-rsa.cer
Phase of IKE, So we focus on the first Phase of IKE and how the Authentication both peer occurs. The pre-share key is not discussed here.
Both sender and handler er have received a certificate from the same certification authority (CA). both the sender and handler er have a copy of the CA's public key.
When we build a PKI architecture, we usually install the CA digital certificate on the entity, then the CA certificate is actually the CA Public Key;
+zuacrphv6qo7n6etvbz+xhvcpeieps+slLwkydnljuf6nx1ptr+0teqchonttalxu5r6+byahdcvtzbl1b20jtg6fqsgtyx3t6j/sdjzlkrumw/lqw5hwwrmoqht0widaqab-----END publickey-----Set permissions directly with Umask, be sure to add (). Umask is executed against the shell and is not valid for the current. Otherwise the operation will be 600. [[emailprotected]~]# (umask077;opensslgenrsa-out/root/ mykey2.pri2048) Generatingrsaprivatekey,2048bitlongmodulus ...................................+++.............................
Warning: rpmts_hdrfromfdno: Header V3 RSA/sha256 signature, key ID 0608b895: nokey
Retrieving key from file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
GPG key retrieval failed: [errno 14] cocould not open/Read File: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
Solution not solved:
After the source is updated to 163 today, an error is reported during Yum: GPG key retrieval failed: [errno 14] cocould not open/read file
Current Cisco VPN technologies, such as point-to-point IPsec, IPsec/GRE, DMVPN, GETVPN, and EzVPN, use IKE as underlying protocol for authenticated key exchange. all the vpn technologies of cisco currently use the IKE protocol.
The IKE protocol is a hybrid of the Oakley and SKEME protocols and operates inside a framework defined by Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol(ISAKMP) the IKE protocol itself is a hybrid protocol, which is composed of Oakley and SKEME and ISAKMP.
Oakl
One, you may encounter this problem during the Yum installation or upgrade processCould not Open/read File:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-puiasSee (http://linuxsysconfig.com/2013/03/running-multiple-python-versions-on-centos6rhel6sl6/) in this page:Download and import the RPM GPG keyCd/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/wget http://springdale.math.ias.edu/data/puias/6/x86_64/os/RPM-GPG-KEY-puiasrpm--import Rpm-gpg-key-puiasCa
This article is a PHP in the PKI encryption Technology (OpenSSL) for a detailed analysis of the introduction, the need for a friend reference
copy code code as follows:
//PKI Encryption//Use PKI encryption to open OpenSSL extensions
//php.ini extension = php_openssl.dll extension
/*pki mode is
* Public key
PKI and Certificate Services application-What is PKI:Public key Infrastructure, key InfrastructurePKI is composed of public key cryptography, digital authentication, certificate issuing structure (CA), registration Authority (RA) and so on: Digital certificate is used for user's authentication; CA is a trusted entity responsible for publishing, updating and revoking certificates; RA accepts user requests and other functionsThe functions that
1. The core of the PKI is the CA2. PKI functions: Authentication authorization Confidentiality Integrity anti-repudiation 3. The theoretical basis of PKI: cryptographyDigital certificatesUse of digital certificatesPKI and related Technologies (1) Cryptography Basic Concepts plaintext: The message the sender will sendCiphertext: PlainText is transformed into seemi
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