that there is no upstream interface; this bit is not allowed by the new product)G, indicating the upstream GBIC interface;P indicates the upstream SFP interface;T, indicating the upstream RJ45 interface;V indicates the upstream VDSL interface;W indicates that the WAN interface can be configured on the uplink;C, indicating that the upstream interface is optional;M, indicating that the uplink interface is a Multimode Optical port;S indicates that the u
From the data, we can see that the bandwidth of the Ethernet switch stack is dozens of times the speed of the switch port, which can effectively improve the network performance, when the number of ports that a single switch can provide is insufficient to meet the requirements of the network computer, more than two switches must provide the corresponding number of ports, which also involves the connection between switches. Basically, there are two ways to connect a vswitch: Ethernet switch stack
There is a binary file of about MB, which stores multiple JPG images. The file format is as follows:
Unrelated data ZoneJpg image data ZoneUnrelated data ZoneJpg image data ZoneUnrelated data ZoneJpg image data Zone......
The starting mark of the jpg image is "FF D8 FF E0 00 10 4A", and the ending mark is "FF D9 ".
What should I do if I want to read the jpg image data from this file and generate separate image files?
I helped you write a program and tested a file containing only one picture.Int
This paper is a DSP and FPGA communication test based on chuanglong TL665xF-EasyEVM Development Board. The brief introduction of the TL665xF-EasyEV Development Board is as follows: consists of the core board + the bottom board.
The core board DSP end adopts single-core tms320c6655 or dual-core tms320c6657 processor, FPGA end adopts Xilinx Artix-7 processor to realize heterogeneous multi-core processor architecture, DSP and FPGA internal through UPP, emif16, SRIo connection;
The baseboard interfa
The Fiber jumper (also known as the optical fiber connector), which is the optical connector to access the optical module, also has many kinds, and can not be mutually used. The SFP module is connected to the LC fibre optic connector, while the GBIC is connected to the SC fiber optic connector. The following is a detailed description of several commonly used optical fiber connectors in Network engineering: ①FC Type fiber jumper: The external streng
monitoring stations. It is the center for data collection and processing, with controller servers, clients, and workstations) vro, Hub/switch hub, network adapter, MODEM, printer, and related software. PMC generally adopts the primary standby mode.
The monitoring station is responsible for remote automatic monitoring of optical cable lines, and tracking changes in optical fiber transmission loss. The monitoring module includes the alarm monitoring module, OTDR module, control module, power modu
, which is beyond the reach of other cables.The following are common terms:These are communication technology concepts.Let me roughly classify them.Function: transmission access (MSAP, MSTP, SDH, EPON, WDM, TDM, DDN)Assurance Technology: QOSNetwork: PLAN LAN WAN
MSAP: Integrated Service Access System (derived from SDH technology)MSTP: Integrated Service Transmission System (derived from SDH technology and added Ethernet processing and other functions)
external electromagnetic interference and lightning effects, thus achieving transparent business transmission and high system reliability.
The main networks are time-division multiplexing Passive Optical Network (TDM-PON) and wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network.
Compared with the TDM-PON, it has the characteristics of dedicated bandwidth and high security, and has become the most promising optical access network in the future. Figure 1 shows the
Chunming and others [1]. It tries to combine the advantages of large-granularity wavelength (Circuit) switching and fine-grained optical packet switching, and overcome the shortcomings of the two exchange methods, with low requirements of photon devices, quick resource allocation and high resource utilization for IP-oriented burst services are realized. Therefore, it can effectively support burst services of upper-layer protocols or higher-level users.
1. OBS network structure and node Structur
Original: http://blog.csdn.net/caperingrabbit/article/details/5285288Once the development environment has been configured, it is necessary to understand the development of the driver through specific procedures. Below we use a WDM -driven framework to implement the HelloWorld of Windows drivers. As a driver, the first thing to write is its entry function, which is the same as MFC 's Winmain or C + + main function, the driven entry function uses Dri
Ultra-long-distance ultra-large capacity wavelength division transmission applications Wavelength division Multiplexing system 2u+1u device is Optical road Science and technology a small, low-cost, high-speed, large-capacity wavelength division multiplexing transmission system, the number of channels up to 40 waves, With a maximum speed of 10gbit/s and a total capacity of up to 400Gbit, the single wave channel can meet telecom operators ' Super Large capacity and Ultra long distance t
range, connection interruption)
The class driver processes the pnp irp packet. For example, irp_mn_start_device, or irp_mn_stop_device.
All low-level buffer management is also completed by the class driver.
Assign a DMA adapter object if necessary.
Map the buffer and create a scatter/gather list for the DMA instance.
Locking and flushing Buffer
The correctness of all Io control codes is also verified by the class driver.
The class driver uses the watchdog timer to timestamp all requests.
Minidr
device with the Interrupt Capability has an IRQL, which defines the interrupt priority level of the device. The WDM driver can determine the IRQL of its device only after it receives an irp_mj_pnp request with the secondary function code irp_mn_start_device. The configuration information of the device is passed to the request as a parameter, and the IRQL of the device is included in the configuration information. We usually call the device interrupt
Recently wrote a product similar to Android Phone helper in C + +, one module function is to detect and monitor the device ID of the Android device, retrieve the driver and install it according to the device ID. So the search for a lot of information about the driver installation is now organized as follows:
Drivers are divided into WDM and NT-type drivers, and I understand the difference between the two:
1. WDM
driver examples (select all when installing), and we choose C:/2003DDK/SRC/WDM/USB/BULKUSB as our experimental example. The first step: Open VC, set up a WIN32 application project, and then choose an empty project (I use the English version of VC, I suggest you also replace the English version), meaning is to establish an empty Win32 project, project name is called BULKUSB, Dot finish. Step Two: Will C:/2003ddk/src/
directly by the user application via IO Manager. There can be no middle-tier drivers or file system drivers on our drive. In practice, WDM drivers will strictly restrict the storage of user buffer in their dispatch routines. The kmdf driver needs to be used in the Evtioincallercontext event callback function.
Another important inherent limitation is that the drive to access user buffer using the Method_neither mode must be at the IRQL level of the p
programming (fifth edition) This book is a foreign excellent teaching material ------- Peter Abel, translated by Shen meiming
11. driver development
Driver Development Guide for Windows WDM devices ------------------------------------ Chris cant
Driver development for Windows 2000/xp wdm devices (version 2nd) -------------------------- Wu 'an River
Driver development for Windows 2000/xp
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