Basic concepts of DHCP and server setup (1)

DHCP is very important in Network Group Construction. So how to create a DHCP server in the system? Next we will explain the role of DHCP in terms of concept, and then introduce the server establishment process in detail.

1. Role of DHCP

BOOTP enables diskless workstation to start and automatically configure its TCP/IP. DHCPDynamic hostconfiguration protocol) is an extension of the BOOTP protocol. DHCP centrally manages the allocation of TCP/IP configuration information. DHCP allows the client to automatically obtain the IP address. DHCP can be used to eliminate some configuration faults caused by manual TCP/IP configuration. For example, when manual configuration is performed, the IP addresses of two machines on the same subnetwork may fail)

2. How DHCP works

In the network environment where dynamic IP addresses are allocated using DHCP, DHCP servers and DHCP clients are included. The client broadcasts a DHCP discovery message, which is sent to the DHCP server on the network. Each DHCP server receives a message and responds to it with a message containing the IP address of the subnet of the client.

The client judges the message and selects one, and then sends the IP address of the request to the DHCP server. This information includes the IP address, subnet mask, and some option information, such as the default gateway address and Domain Name Server. When the DHCP server receives a client request, it selects an IP address from its database-defined address pool and assigns it to the client. If the client obtains the IP address assigned to it, it is said that the IP address was rented to the client within a given period of time. If no available IP address is rented to the client in the address pool, the client Cannot initialize TCP/IP.

3. Basic DHCP Configuration Tasks

For any service that adopts the server/client architecture, its configuration tasks are divided into two parts: server and client. The DHCP server mainly includes the installation, start and configuration of the DHCP service, and the task on the DHCP Client is to start the dynamic IP Address Allocation Function.

Lab environment and device: LAN environment, including at least one Windows 2000 Server or NT Server with Nic) and two Windows 98 or 2000 Professional workstation with Nic) one HUB or one SWITCH, and three UTP connections.

Ii. Steps for DHCP to automatically Configure TCP/IP

1. IP address planning

First, you need to complete the planning and allocation of IP addresses, and fill in the following planning form (A, B, or C type IP addresses can be used ):

Table 1: IP address planning

IP address of DHCP
Subnet Mask of the DHCP server
Range of IP addresses that DHCP can provide
Subnet Mask of the IP address provided by DHCP
The IP address reserved by the DHCP server for workstation 1
Subnet Mask of the IP address retained by the DHCP server for workstation 1

2. Install the DHCP server service

To provide the DHCP service on the server, first install the DHCP service component on the server. The following describes the operation steps in Windows NT and 2000 Server respectively. The experimenter will refer to the relevant sections for the environment provided in the lab.

On a Windows NT Server, follow these steps:

(1) Open the "network" application on the control panel. The "network" window appears, as shown in. Select the "protocol" tab and double-click the TCP/IP communication protocol.