Details on RIP and IGRP in the routing selection Protocol

We have already introduced the concept of the routing protocol in our previous articles, so we will not repeat it too much here. Next, I want to explain the key protocols RIP and IGRP included in this article to you to see what their functions are.

The routing protocol is a network layer protocol that selects and exchanges routes ｡

The RIP Protocol is a relatively old but widely used internal routing protocol, it is a classification distance vector routing protocol. RIP uses the "Number of hops" as its routing scale, and the maximum number of hops is l5, RIP broadcasts a UDP packet replacement route information every 30 seconds. IGRP and VPN are Cisco's specialized internal routing protocols, IGRP is a class of advanced distance vector routing protocol. VPN is a class of advanced distance vector routing protocol. They have the following characteristics: scalability, event trigger update, multi-path, and combined routing scale ｡

EGP is the first external Gateway Protocol and also a distance vector protocol. To adapt to the growth of Intenet, EGP introduces the concept of autonomous systems and is used to connect Autonomous Systems, EGP only lists all the networks it is responsible for in the autonomous system. It only broadcasts accessible information on the trunk to reduce the route information transmitted on the network ｡

OSPF is the first routing protocol that integrates external and internal autonomous systems. external routing protocol for accessible information, you can also configure an internal routing protocol that provides complete route table information in each autonomous system. OSPF obtains network information by passing the link status and maintains a directed network topology, use the Minimum Spanning Tree Algorithm to obtain the route table ｡

BGP is used between autonomous systems and autonomous systems. It is a link state protocol. BGP is divided into two types: the IBGP internal Border Gateway Protocol and the EBGP External Border Gateway Protocol. IBGP is used to exchange information between two routers in the same autonomous system. EBGP is used to exchange information when two routers are not in the same autonomous system ｡

The IP Route Selection protocol fills the routing selection table (route table) with valid and non-circular routing information ), this provides reliable path information for data packets to be transmitted between networks. routing selection protocols include distance vector, link status, and balanced hybrid ｡

Distance Vector) the routing protocol calculates the vectors and distances of all links in the network and confirms the optimal path based on this. routers using the distance vector routing protocol regularly send all or part of the route table to their adjacent routers. the vector routing protocol is RIP and IGRP ｡

The Link State routing protocol uses the topology database created for each router to create a route table, each vro uses this database to create a topology of the entire network. Based on the topology, the optimal path to each target network segment is calculated using the corresponding routing algorithm, and finally form a route table. The typical link status routing protocol is OSPF (OpenShortest Path First, Open Shortest Path First)
The Balanced Hybrid (Balanced Hybrid) routing protocol combines the advantages of the two Protocols: Link Status and distance vector. Such protocols represent the improved internal gateway routing protocol, that is, the network routing protocol ｡

◆ RIP Protocol

RIP (Route Selection Information Protocol) is a distance vector routing selection protocol, which has the following features:

Use the number of hops as the only measurement criterion for route selection;

The maximum number of hops is 15. If the router receives a route update message with a hop value of 16, the target network is inaccessible;

By default, route updates are broadcast every 305;

RIP version 1 does not support the variable-length Subnet Mask (VLSM) and non-consecutive networks;

RIP version 2 supports VLSM and discontinuous subnets, and uses multicast addresses to send pavement update information ｡

◆ IGRP Protocol

IGRP (Internal Gateway Routing Protocol) is a routing protocol developed by Cisco. As another routing protocol for distance vector routing, IGRP has the following features:

The IGRP metric value is calculated by weighting the bandwidth, latency, load, reliability, and maximum transmission unit;

By default, the update information of the IGRP route is sent every 90 s;

Ability to handle uncertain and complex topology structures flexibly;

VLSM and discontinuous subnets are not supported ｡