File Search/which/whereis/locate/find/grep

Which # Find a fixed directory #

[[Email protected] Home] # Which Ba

/Usr/bin/which: No Ba in (/usr/lib/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin: /usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin)

[[Email protected] Home] # Which ls

Alias ls = 'ls -- color = auto'

/Bin/ls

We can see that the which command only queries these specified directories.

Whereis # The Help file is also displayed to us #

[[Email protected] Home] # whereis ls

Ls:/bin/ls/usr/share/man/Man1/ls.1.gz/usr/share/man/man1p/ls.1p.gz

[[Email protected] Home] #

650) This. width = 650; "Title =" Clipboard "style =" border-top: 0px; border-Right: 0px; Background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-Right: 0px; "Border =" 0 "alt =" Clipboard "src =" http://img1.51cto.com/attachment/201408/11/8976580_1407764118TCcK.png "Height =" 32 "/>

Locate case:

In the/home/huxiaoming directory, two new files, 1.txtand 2.txt, are created.

[[Email protected] huxiaoming] # locate 1.txt

/Etc/pki/nssdb/pkcs11.txt

/Usr/share/cups/charmaps/iso-8859-1.txt

/Usr/share/cups/charmaps/iso-8859-11.txt

/Usr/share/cups/charmaps/windows-1251.txt

/Usr/share/cups/charmaps/windows-1361.txt

/Usr/share/doc/dstat-0.7.0/dstat.1.txt

/Usr/share/Vim/vim72/doc/gui_x11.txt.gz

/Usr/share/Vim/vim72/doc/usr_01.txt.gz

/Usr/share/Vim/vim72/doc/usr_11.txt.gz

/Usr/share/Vim/vim72/doc/usr_21.txt.gz

/Usr/share/Vim/vim72/doc/usr_31.txt.gz

/Usr/share/Vim/vim72/doc/usr_41.txt.gz

[[Email protected] huxiaoming] # locate 2.txt

/Usr/share/cups/charmaps/iso-8859-2.txt

/Usr/share/cups/charmaps/windows-1252.txt

/Usr/share/cups/charmaps/windows-932.txt

/Usr/share/doc/certmonger-0.61/dogtag-notes-2.txt

/Usr/share/doc/python-lxml-2.2.3/doc/lxml2.txt

/Usr/share/doc/vim-common-7.2.411/readme_os2.txt

/Usr/share/Vim/vim72/doc/gui_w32.txt.gz

/Usr/share/Vim/vim72/doc/OS _os2.txt.gz

/Usr/share/Vim/vim72/doc/OS _win32.txt.gz

/Usr/share/Vim/vim72/doc/usr_02.txt.gz

/Usr/share/Vim/vim72/doc/usr_12.txt.gz

/Usr/share/Vim/vim72/doc/usr_22.txt.gz

/Usr/share/Vim/vim72/doc/usr_32.txt.gz

/Usr/share/Vim/vim72/doc/usr_42.txt.gz

No newly added files are found, because we need to execute the command to update the directory tree.

[[Email protected] huxiaoming] # updatedb updates the directory tree

[[Email protected] huxiaoming] # locate 2.txt

/Home/huxiaoming/2.txt.

[[Email protected] huxiaoming] # Cat/etc/cron. daily/mlocate. cron

#! /Bin/sh

Nodevs = $ (</proc/filesystems awk '$1 = "nodev" {print $2 }')

Renice + 19-p $>/dev/null 2> & 1

Ionice-C2-N7-p $>/dev/null 2> & 1

/Usr/bin/updatedb-F "$ nodevs"

In fact, the system executes an mlocate. cron every day to update the directory tree.

Find command --- Search in current directory

[[Email protected] huxiaoming] # Find 1.txt

1. txt

[[Email protected] huxiaoming] # cd/

[[Email protected]/] # Find 1.txt

Find: '1.txt ': no such file or directory

If you want to find the entire hard disk, run the following command to start searching directory trees from the root directory.

[[Email protected]/] # Find/-name 1.txt

/Home/huxiaoming/1.txt

Some find skills in Regular Expressions

For example, I want to configure the NIC, but I only remember that the configuration file is probably named IFC ....

Find/etc/-name "* IFC *"

[[Email protected]/] # Find/etc-name "* ifcfg-eth0 *"-exec VI {}\;

{Indicates the searched file} can be executed directly by adding a parameter after-exec.

Two Display Methods: One-Al and the other always uses ls as a command to call

650) This. width = 650; "Title =" Clipboard [1] "style =" border-top: 0px; border-Right: 0px; Background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-Right: 0px; "Border =" 0 "alt =" Clipboard [1] "src =" http://img1.51cto.com/attachment/201408/11/8976580_14077641198WN1.png "Height =" 17 "/>

650) This. width = 650; "Title =" Clipboard [2] "style =" border-top: 0px; border-Right: 0px; Background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-Right: 0px; "Border =" 0 "alt =" Clipboard [2] "src =" http://img1.51cto.com/attachment/201408/11/8976580_1407764119atuc.png "Height =" 20 "/>

There are also some advanced skills

Delete the. txt file as prompted.

[[Email protected]/] # Find/home-name "*. txt *"-OK RM {}\;

<RM.../home/huxiaoming/2.txt>? No

<RM.../home/huxiaoming/1.txt>? Yes

[[Email protected]/] # Find/home-name "*. txt *"-OK ls {}\; # whether the action after finding needs to be interacted #

<Ls.../home/huxiaoming/2.txt>? Yes

/Home/huxiaoming/2.txt

How to batch search folders belonging to some users:

[[Email protected]/] # Find/home-user huxiaoming-type D-ls # Show All without type #

129793 4 drwx ------ 2 huxiaoming 4096 mar 18/home/huxiaoming

[[Email protected]/] # Find/home-user huxiaoming-ls

129793 4 drwx ------ 2 huxiaoming 4096 mar 18/home/huxiaoming

129795 4-RW-r -- 1 huxiaoming 18 Jul 9 2013/home/huxiaoming/. bash_logout

129794 4-RW-r -- 1 huxiaoming 176 Jul 9 2013/home/huxiaoming/. bash_profile

129798 4-RW ------- 1 huxiaoming 25 mar 13 20:11/home/huxiaoming/. bash_history

129797 4-RW ------- 1 huxiaoming 778 Mar 13/home/huxiaoming/. viminfo

129796 4-RW-r -- 1 huxiaoming 124 Jul 9 2013/home/huxiaoming/. bashrc

Grep command

Search for text contained in some files

[[Email protected] ~] # Grep huxiaoming/etc/passwd

Huxiaoming: X: 500: 500:/home/huxiaoming:/bin/bash

[[Email protected] ~] # Grep-r huxiaoming/home

[[Email protected] ~] # Grep-r huxiaoming/etc

/Etc/group: huxiaoming: X: 500:

Grep:/etc/alternatives/JRE/lib/Audio/Default. sf2: no such file or directory

Grep:/etc/alternatives/jre_openjdk/lib/Audio/Default. sf2: no such file or directory

Grep:/etc/alternatives/jre_1.7.0/lib/Audio/Default. sf2: no such file or directory

/Etc/passwd: huxiaoming: X: 500: 500:/home/huxiaoming:/bin/bash

/Etc/shadow: huxiaoming: $6 $ v77h3vfz $ response. zjwvxlauckkzwx3dovx0: 16141: 0: 99999: 7 :::

/Etc/gshadow: huxiaoming :! ::

/Etc/sudoers: user_alias admins = huxiaoming

/Etc/sudoers. tmp: user_alias admins = huxiaoming

Binary file/etc/. sudoers. tmp. SWP matches