How to configure IP addresses to simplify network management (1)

As a network administrator, a lot of maintenance work is required every day. If you can fully explore the skills in network management, it can undoubtedly reduce the burden on administrators and optimize network applications. The following describes two management skills related to IP settings, hoping to provide reference for the majority of administrators.

Dynamic/static combination, flexible IP Address Allocation

In TCP/IP-based enterprise networks, static and dynamic Address allocation methods are usually used. The static allocation method is that the administrator sets a fixed IP address for each networked computer, server switch, firewall, billing gateway, and other network devices. In this way, the administrator can grasp the IP address information of each device. However, as the device is updated, changed, and the user changes the IP address, it is easy to cause IP address confusion and conflict, in this way, the Administrator has a great deal of maintenance work.

In the dynamic allocation mode, each computer can automatically obtain the IP address, default gateway, and DNS address information through the DHCP server after logging on to the network. This method saves the Administrator a lot of maintenance work. However, if a dynamic allocation method is adopted, once the original address is used up, a new address will be obtained for the server or workstation that handles specific services, this kind of change is not transparent to the client, and will often lead to abnormal application use.

Therefore, a reasonable IP Address Allocation Method is a combination of static and static IP addresses. The allocation principle is dynamic allocation, and static allocation is adopted for devices that require fixed IP addresses.

The solution is to reserve a certain amount of IP addresses in each subnet when setting the DHCP scope. These addresses are used for Dynamic Allocation and are mainly used for allocation of fixed addresses. For example, to exclude the IP address from the range of 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.20 and the IP address 192.168.1.100 in the VLAN1 scope, you can set the IP address as shown in 1) when setting the DHCP scope.

Figure 1 reserved IP addresses in the scope

Through the above settings, the IP address space that can be dynamically allocated to the client in VLAN1 is to remove the IP address range from 192.168.1.21 to 192.168.1.253 (192.168.1.254 as the default gateway address) from the IP address 192.168.1.100.

Because the static-Dynamic IP Address Allocation method does not require the administrator to maintain the IP address information of the client, it can greatly reduce the generation of IP address conflicts. At the same time, the number of devices that need to set a fixed IP address is relatively small, does not increase the Administrator's maintenance workload.

When DHCP is used to dynamically allocate IP addresses, You can manually set a fixed IP address when DHCP is enabled on the client to automatically obtain the IP address. In this way, when the DHCP server in the network is unavailable, the customer will automatically use the alternate fixed IP address for network connection, thus reducing the adverse impact of DHCP server faults on network applications. The setting method is in TCP/IP protocol attribute settings. On the "Backup configuration" selection page, select the "user configuration" option and enter the corresponding IP address information, as shown in 2.

Figure 2 reserved IP addresses for DHCP