Hyper-V Server storage space

Storage Spaces (storage space) is Microsoft's answer to storage virtualization and software-defined storage that allows enterprise data center virtualization shared storage running Windows Server 2012 and Windows Server R2 to be configured and managed.

Storage space relies on inexpensive disk arrays rather than proprietary and expensive architectures such as Sans. The goal is to address the growing storage needs caused by new applications and services, the expansion of virtual endpoint devices, the proliferation of big data, and the development of cloud tasks.

Storage spaces and shared work serial connected scsi (SAS) JBOD arrays work together, using dual-port SAS drives to meet redundant backplane and multipath I/O capabilities. It can also support large-capacity, low-cost traditional magnetic hard drives and solid state Drive (SSD) devices to meet high-performance enterprise storage needs.

Storage spaces virtualize the shared storage into a pooled state. The storage capacity available in a virtual pool can be made into a virtual disk (actually called a storage space). Over time, virtual disks can be layered, protected, and managed by the Windows Storage Management API that complies with Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) and the file and storage services roles in Windows PowerShell or Server Manager, as the ability needs change.

Windows Server 2012 starts with built-in storage space technology that delivers the benefits of storage, performance, networking, and server improvements by providing cost-efficient, optimized, highly available, scalable, and flexible storage solutions for critical business (physical or virtual) environments. Windows Server 2012 helps IT to use industry-standard storage devices and can be used for standalone, multi-server, and multi-site environments.

Storage space provides storage virtualization capabilities for Windows. Storage spaces are managed through the Windows Storage Management API, Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI), and Windows PowerShell, and are managed through the file Services GUI in Server Manager.

The storage stack for Windows Server 2012 contains the following improvements:

1. Storage space. A virtual disk that can be associated with properties, such as the desired level of adaptability, thin or fixed configuration delivery, automatic or controlled allocation of asynchronous storage media, and more granular administrative control.

2. Storage pool. The physical disks are managed in groups. Pools Enable storage aggregation, more resilient capacity expansion, and delegated management.

The storage space features of Windows Server 2012 can be integrated in a failover cluster, providing high availability and cluster shared volume (CSV) functionality for large-scale environments. Storage space technology includes the following features:

1. Storage pools are the basis for building storage space. IT administrators have the flexibility to create storage pools based on their environmental needs. For example, for a set of physical disks, the IT administrator creates a pool with all available space, or creates multiple pools on demand for physical disk space. In addition, to make better use of storage hardware, IT administrators can also map storage pools to physical disks or even solid state disks (SSDs). By adding additional drives, you can scale the pool so that it expands seamlessly as your data grows.

2. Storage pool administrators can provide control and delegation to each pool through access control lists (ACLs), thus providing support for hosted scenarios that require tenant isolation. Storage spaces also use the familiar Windows security model, so they can be seamlessly integrated with Active Directory services.

3. Resilient storage. The storage space supports two types of elastic modes: mirroring and parity. Per-pool hot-standby support, background scrubbing, and intelligent error correction technology provide lightweight and optimized service availability in the case of storage component failures.

4. Provides high availability through integration into failover clusters. Storage spaces can be fully integrated into a failover cluster, providing continuously available services. Within the same cluster, one or more pools can be bundled across nodes. The space in each node can then be expropriated and migrated seamlessly or, if necessary, failed over to another node, for example, to respond to a failure, or to achieve load balancing. Integration with CSV enables the extension of data access.

5. Optimize the use of storage. Server consolidation often results in multiple datasets sharing the same set of storage hardware. Storage space-supported, thin provisioning enables organizations to easily share storage capacity across multiple unrelated datasets and maximize space utilization. Trim support allows the capacity to be re-recycled when feasible.

6. Streamlined operation. Complete remote and scripted management is available through the Windows Storage Management API, WMI, and Windows. Space can also be managed through the Server Manager's file services GUI.

The following demo configures storage space

To create storage spaces, you must first create one or more storage pools. A storage pool is a collection of physical disks. Storage pooling allows storage aggregation, elastic capacity expansion, and delegated administration. From the storage pool, you can create one or more virtual disks. These virtual disks are also known as storage spaces. Storage space appears as a regular disk in the Windows operating system from which you can create a formatted volume. When creating virtual disks from the file and storage services user interface, you can configure resiliency types (simple, mirrored, or parity), set type (thin or fixed), and size. With Windows PowerShell, you can set additional parameters, such as number of columns, interleaved values, and which physical disk in the pool to use.

1. Login Server "bj-vmhost-01", there are currently unused 4 50GB hard drives used as Configuration storage space

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2. Click Server Manager, click File and storage services, select Server "bj-vmhost-01"

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3. Click on the disk to view the available physical disks

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4. Click on the storage pool to confirm that there is a physical disk available

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5. Click on the task in the top right corner and select "New Storage Pool"

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6. New Storage Pool Wizard page, click Next

7. Specify the storage pool name and subsystem and click Next

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8. Select the Physical disk page of the storage pool, select the number of disks as needed, and the type of assignment: auto, hot-standby, manual

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9. Confirm the page and click Create after all settings are correct.

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10. Wait for storage pool creation to complete

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11. Click on the storage pool to view the created storage pool

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12. Right-click the created storage pool and select Properties to view information about the storage pool

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13. Right-click the storage pool and select "New Virtual hard disk"

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14. New Virtual Hard Disk Wizard page, select an available storage pool and click Next

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15. Specify the virtual disk name and click Next

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16. Choose the storage data layout, where you can use three layout modes:

1) Simple: Store data on a physical tape area to maximize capacity and throughput, but reduce reliability. This storage data layout requires at least one disk and does not prevent disk corruption

2) Mirror: Replicates data to two or three physical disks, which improves reliability, but reduces capacity. This storage data layout requires at least two physical disks to prevent a single disk failure, or at least five disks to prevent the simultaneous failure of two disks

3) Parity: Store data and parity information on the physical tape area for increased reliability, but with a slight reduction in capacity. This storage data layout requires at least three disks to prevent disk failure and requires at least 7 disks to prevent disk failure

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17. Specify the Settings Type page, which you can choose to refine and pin:

1) Streamline: If you use thin provisioning, space will be allocated as needed. This optimizes the usage of available storage space. However, because this allows you to overallocated storage, you must carefully monitor how much free disk space is available

2) Fixed: If a fixed setting is used, the storage capacity is allocated immediately when the virtual disk is created. Therefore, the fixed setting uses a space equal to the virtual disk size from the storage pool

When you use storage space, you can create both thin and pinned virtual disks in the same storage pool. For example, you can use a thin set of virtual disks to host a database and use a fixed set virtual disk to host associated log files.

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18. Specify the size of the virtual disk, optionally specifying a size or maximum size

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19. Confirm that the page is correct and click Create

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20. Return to the Storage pool page to view the virtual disks created

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21. Right-click the created virtual disk, optionally, select New volume, detach virtual disk, extend and delete virtual disk

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22. When you select New volume, you are prompted to enable data deduplication

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Hyper-V Server storage space