Overview of route selection protocols, RIP, and IGRP

This section describes the preparations for this experiment, including a brief summary of the routing protocol and the distance vector routing protocol RIP and IGRP.
1. Route Selection protocol and its classification
The IP Route Selection protocol fills the route selection table (route table) with valid and non-circular routing information, so as to provide reliable path information for data packets transmitted between networks. The routing protocol can be divided into distance vector, link state, and balanced.
The Distance Vector Routing Protocol computes the vectors and distances of all links in the network and confirms the optimal path based on this. Vrouters using the distance vector routing protocol regularly send all or part of Route tables to their adjacent vrouters. The typical distance vector routing protocols are RIP and IGRP.
The Link State routing protocol uses the topology database created for each router to create a route table. Each router uses this database to create a topology of the entire network. Based on the topology, the optimal route to each destination CIDR block is calculated using the corresponding routing algorithm, and a route table is formed. The typical link status routing protocol is OSPF (OpenShortest Path First, Open Shortest Path First)
The Balanced Hybrid (Balanced Hybrid) routing protocol combines the advantages of the two Protocols: Link Status and distance vector. This type of routing protocol represents the improved internal gateway routing protocol.
2. RIP Protocol
RIP (Route Selection Information Protocol) is a distance vector routing selection protocol, which has the following features:
Use the number of hops as the only measurement criterion for route selection;
The maximum number of hops is 15. If the router receives a route update message with a hop value of 16
The target network is inaccessible;
By default, route updates are broadcast every 305;
RIP version 1 does not support the variable-length Subnet Mask (VLSM) and non-consecutive networks;
RIP version 2 supports VLSM and discontinuous subnets, and uses multicast addresses to send pavement update information.
3. IGRP Protocol
IGRP is a routing protocol developed by Cisco. As another distance vector routing protocol, IGRP has the following features:
The IGRP metric value is calculated by weighting the bandwidth, latency, load, reliability, and maximum transmission unit:
By default, the update information of the IGRP route is sent every 90 s;
Ability to handle uncertain and complex topology structures flexibly;
VLSM and discontinuous subnets are not supported.

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