Shell File Lookup command find

File LookupFind

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1. Search Conditions

2, after the file search processing

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1. Search Conditions

1.1) Matching of file names && Multi-condition name matching

You can use regular expressions to match, and-a or-o in multiple conditions for stitching

[email protected]:~# find \ (-name "list*"-o-name "config*" \) -print

./list

./tools/django-1.7.9/django/views/generic/list.py

./tools/django-1.7.9/django/contrib/comments/templates/comments/list.html

./tools/django-1.7.9/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/django/views/generic/list.py

./tools/django-1.7.9/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/django/contrib/comments/templates/comments/list.html

./tools/django-1.7.9/tests/generic_views/templates/generic_views/list.html

./test_shell/module/config.sh

./list2

Regular way to find the file name

. match any one

* Repeat before an arbitrary time

+ Repeat one or more times before

？ Matches one or 0 of the previous character

[Email protected]:~# Find/tmp–regex ". *\ (\.py\|\.sh\) $"

./tmp/.pythontab.py

./tmp/install.sh

./tmp/testpty.py

./tmp/test.py

./tmp/test.sh

Using regular and multi-conditional name matching

[Email protected]:~# FInd./tmp \ (!-regex ". *py.*"-a-name "*.c" \)

./tmp/tcpportping.c

./tmp/pid.c

./tmp/test.c

[Email protected]:~# find/tmp-name "*.c"

./tmp/tcpportping.c

./tmp/pid.c

./tmp/test.c

./tmp/test.py.c

1.2) search based on find path

Limit the depth of the search path

[Email protected]:~# find ./-maxdepth 2 -type f-name "*.py"

./tmp/.pythontab.py

./tmp/testpty.py

./tmp/test.py

1.3) Follow the search type to find

-F File

-D Directory

-L Soft Connect

-C Character device

-B block device

1.4) Search by search time

-atime: last time a user accessed a file

-mtime: Last time the user was modified

-ctime: file metadata (such as permissions or ownership) time of last modification

The above day is the unit

-cmin-mmin-amin three units in minutes

[Email protected]:~# Find/-type f-atime-7-regex ". *\ (\.py\|\.sh\) $"

./test.sh

./test_shell/module/config.sh

./test_shell/module/test1.sh

./test_shell/demo1.sh

./test_shell/module2/mail.sh

./test_shell/main.sh

./tmp/test.sh

1.5) search based on size of search

[Email protected]:~# Find/-size +2k-type f-atime-7-regex ". *\ (\.py\|\.sh\) $"

[Email protected]:~# Find/-size-2k-type f-atime-7-regex ". *\ (\.py\|\.sh\) $"

./test.sh

./test_shell/module/config.sh

./test_shell/module/test1.sh

./test_shell/demo1.sh

./test_shell/module2/mail.sh

./test_shell/main.sh

./tmp/test.sh

1.6) Search based on search permissions && owner

[Email protected]:~# Find/-perm 644-size-2k-type f-atime-7-regex ". *\ (\.py\|\.sh\) $"

./test_shell/module/config.sh

./test_shell/module2/mail.sh

[Email protected]:~# find./ -user root -perm644-size-2k-type f-atime-7-regex ". *\ (\.py\|\.sh\) $"

./test_shell/module/config.sh

./test_shell/module2/mail.sh

2, the operation after the search

Two ways to do the stitching

2.1) through -exec {} \; to be combined with other commands.

Such as

[Email protected]:~# Find/-maxdepth 2-type f-name "*.py"-exec ls-lh {}\;

-rw-r--r--1 root root./tmp/.pythontab.py

-rw-r--r--1 root root 124 Nov 16:37./tmp/testpty.py

-rw-r--r--1 root root 1.3K May 3 2016./tmp/test.py

We can understand this command format in this way. We will -exec \: As a fixed format with command stitching, and {} represents a file found through find .

[Email protected]:~# Find/-maxdepth 2-type f-name "*.py" -exec cat {} \; >>./findcont

[Email protected]:~# LS-LH

Total 40K

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 Jan backup-/data/backup

-rw-r--r--1 root root 2.9K Apr 1 15:17findcont

But one drawback here is that we can accept a limited number of commands if we want to take this document to the next step of complex processing. We may need to do this in the form of a function or a script argument.

2.2) Use xargs to achieve command binding

Xargs accepts the expression input through a pipeline and converts this input into a command-line argument of a particular name.

Bash hackers like single-line commands, one-line command is a sequence of commands, not using semicolons between the commands, can be more efficient processing, for text processing is also. Xargs is an essential component of building a single-line command.

We understand that the content obtained from the standard input is output to the corresponding command again as a parameter. Standard input for multiple rows

Xargs 's preliminary knowledge

-D number of points to perform standard input

-N How many elements are output after the standard input is separated by a delimiter

-i specifies an identifier to replace the parameter. Subsequent occurrences of an identifier will be replaced with a specific parameter.

but one of the pitfalls here is that we when entering the standard input (i.e. | The end of the pipeline) The output delimiter is uncertain or does not clearly know what to split the time, for follow-up to add the operation should be careful.

For example, we have a file name that contains a space, we find it through find, after |xargs is divided into a number of parameters, if we later combined with the command parameter is RM–RF , Then we will delete the contents of the original 123123 directory. And we meant to delete the 123123 123123.asdf file.

[Email protected]:~# find./-maxdepth1-name "123*" | Xargs-n 1

./123123

123123.asdf

./123123

[Email protected]:~# LS-LH

Total 44K

Drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Apr 1 16:19,123,123

-rw-r--r--1 root root 0 Apr 1 16:18 123123 123123.asdf

How to avoid this problem, we need to Xargs add -0 ( number ) to define the

[Email protected]:~# Find/-maxdepth 1-name "123*" |xargs-0

./123123 123123.ASDF

./123123

[Email protected]:~# Find/-maxdepth 1-name "123*" |xargs

./123123 123123.ASDF./123123

the combination of Xargs and find

the combination of Xargs and find finds the appropriate file through find, through | The pipe is output to Xargs, and then xargs splits the input file and then assigns a parameter substitution identifier through-I. As with-exec 's {} , then our command format will become something like this.

[Email protected]:~# Find/-maxdepth 1-type f-name "*.sh" | Xargs-i {} LS-LH {}

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1 15:22./test.sh

-rw-r--r--1 root root 0 Apr 1 16:38./123.sh

# Here the identity is set to 1, followed by 1 to represent. There are some symbols that cannot be used as identifiers.

[Email protected]:~# Find/-maxdepth 1-type f-name "*.sh" | Xargs-i 1 LS-LH 1

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1 15:22./test.sh

-rw-r--r--1 root root 0 Apr 1 16:38./123.sh

This article is from the "Start from scratch" blog, be sure to keep this source http://atong.blog.51cto.com/2393905/1913344

Shell File Lookup command find