Numeric data type with fixed precision and decimal place.
Decimal (p[, S]) and numeric (p[, S])
Fixed precision and number of decimal digits. When using maximum precision, the range of valid values is-10^38 +1 to 10^38-1. The ISO synonyms for decimal are Dec and Dec (P, s). Numeric is functionally equivalent to decimal.
P (Precision)
The total number of decimal digits that can be stored, including the number of digits to the left of the decimal point and the right side (does not include decimal points). The precision must be a value from 1 to the maximum precision of 38. The default precision is 18.
s (number of decimal digits)
The maximum number of decimal digits that can be stored to the right of the decimal point. The number of decimal digits must be a value from 0 to P. You can specify the number of decimal digits only after you specify the precision. The default number of decimal digits is 0, so 0 <= s <= p. The maximum storage size varies based on precision.
SQL Server treats each specific combination of precision and scale as a different data type.
Understanding Decimal (P, s) of Sqlite3