Unix learning method-the way to master

Unix learning method-the way to master:

I have been working on unix for many years and want to introduce my experience to anyone who wants to learn linux and is learning linux.

Unix has many branches, which will not be repeated here. Generally, they mainly include Linux, Solaris, HP-UNIX, AIX, SCO, BSD, AS400, and other systems. Most people are proficient in 2 to 3 categories, by analogy, you can quickly master other systems. My experience is as follows:

1. Basic Learning

I bought a basic Linux book about basic theories and commands, such as Linux basics and Redhat 9.0 System Administrator full learning manual. or download some basic information online. Systematically read a book and practice basic commands in linux (a virtual machine can be installed with vmware. (Since Linux, it is relatively simple or easy to get started with other unix systems)

2. Configure the server

You can try to configure a web server, FTP server, sendmail server, or other application server such as vpn (pptp or ipsec ). Do not pursue perfection at the beginning of configuration, as long as you implement basic functions. This part can be implemented simply by following the steps for moving books.

3. Software Installation and Server Management

You can try to install some source code programs (do not install the rpm software package or install the program with install), and use./configure make install and other steps to master the program compilation and installation methods. At the same time, master the daily management methods of Linux servers, such as log management, process management, backup and recovery methods, user management, permission management, etc., and basically become a Linux system administrator. You can visit more websites or forums on linux technology to increase your technical experience.

Note: Many people have been studying or using Linux for many years, but the level is only here

4. Change thinking

If you have learned basic linux knowledge, configured some application servers, and mastered the basic usage of commands, you need to change your mind and learn about the Linux architecture, and gain a deep understanding of the Linux system architecture, such as what is the function of the etc directory/usr/bin/usr/spool/var/opt, and what are the features of the ext3 file system. Linux systems are differentiated by Siwei. At the same time, you can try to compile the kernel and familiarize yourself with the functional modules in the kernel. By understanding the kernel, you can gain a deep understanding of some of the linux core technologies.

5. Learn other unix systems

If you are familiar with Linux, you can now learn other systems, such as Solaris, AIX, and BSD ............ After all, many important servers are not Linux systems. Many systems can be installed on virtual machines, such as installing a Solaris x86 virtual machine or downloading an SCO virtual machine or ............ Learn the system systematically on a virtual machine, get familiar with its architecture, and compare it with Linux. For some dedicated systems, you may also be eager to publish the test machine information on the Internet. You can log on to the system remotely (do not delete files or destroy files ). When learning other systems, you can visit the BBS forums of relevant systems to see how other people's problems are solved. If you are familiar with the Linux system, it should be very fast to learn other unix systems. Of course if your company has servers such as SUN880 or HP Server or IBM server, you should soon be able to become an experienced solaris/HP-UNIX/AIX master.

6. Learn shell programming

As a really good unix System Administrator, it is absolutely impossible to understand shell programming (note that it is absolute), because in unix systems, many of them are shell script programs and master shell programming technology, you can thoroughly understand the running status of programs in unix systems. In addition, for unix systems, many system management functions can be achieved by writing shell scripts, for example, automatic backup, automatic check of network disconnection and email notification, automatic check of VPN status, collection of PPTP user dial-in information, and so on. Proficient in shell programming, allowing you to easily and flexibly manage and control Unix systems.

7. Learn C Programming

I will not say much about this step. After all, there is very little unix System Management at this level (except for developers ). Many programs in Unix are written in C. you can master the programming technology and write applications in unix.

8. Make your own unix release

For Linux kernel compilation, program reduction, and system optimization, you can create your own unix system. There are too many Linux distributions, but they are all Linux kernels, but the file and system organization methods are different. We cannot create systems such as Redhat or debian, but we can create small dedicated systems such as dedicated web servers or dedicated gateway firewall systems.