13 years ago, I thought of 12 questions about China's computer development.

12 questions about Wang becoming an academician
Guangming Daily

Editor's note: at the Seventh Council of the Chinese Computer Society held recently, Academician WANG became a special academic report titled: "Ask 12 questions about China's computer development ". Academician WANG believes that the reason for the rapid development of computer science is that there are many improvements. Therefore, he raised some undefined questions he found during his research, ask experts for advice. This edition published 12 questions from Academician WANG for the reference of computer professionals. You are welcome to express your views on this.

1. Some people think that the following three preconditions can be obtained from the Computing Theory of the Turing Machine: the problem must be formalized; there must be an algorithm; and there must be a reasonable complexity.

Excuse me: should we try to break through and possibly (or partially) Break through these premises? Or can we only innovate on this premise?

2. Some people think that the cognitive process of thinking and handling problems is parallel, open, multidimensional, and inductive demonstration; the computer solves the problem by performing a finite long sequence of finite symbols, according to a pre-defined program, and performing a poor transformation on the sequence to obtain a new set of symbols.

Excuse me: are the main reasons for the gap between people and computers caused by the inconsistency between these two processes? Is it the main effort of computer technology and AI technology in the future?

3. Some people think that the role of software is to translate human cognitive processes into processes acceptable to a specific computer. With the development of computer technology, key software technologies have evolved from coding in 1960s, design in 1970s, and requirement specification in 1980s to the "demand engineering" era in 1990s. Object-oriented, software components, distributed processing, network computing, visual computing, and concurrent engineering are all the products of the "demand engineering" era.

Is the final purpose of the "demand project" provided to users a "package of solutions "? How can we determine the development trend of software technology and software products in the next century?

4. Some people think that the invention of digital computer is the greatest scientific and technological achievement in the 20th century and has a profound impact on mankind. Digital survival (beingdigital) is the development trend of the 21st century. It will comprehensively and profoundly improve the quality of human life.

Excuse me: plug-and-play, optimization, self-adaptation, immersion, human-machine harmony, and so on have all been the advantages of simulation computing. How can we determine the digital-to-analog mixture at a higher level? Will beinganalog be proposed in the future? What preparations should we make for this?

5. Some people think that connection-oriented communication in the past, while the biggest advantage of Internet is non-connection-oriented; the convergence of telecommunication networks, television networks, and computer networks is the development trend in the early 21st century. After all optical communication is achieved, the transmission speed will be greatly improved.

What is the future direction of network development? In addition to fully integrating connection-oriented and non-connection-oriented features, what are the main directions? What technical support will they need? What is the impact? What applications are triggered? What industries are driving?

6. Some people think that, in order to develop our information industry independently, our country must have the strength to develop high-performance chips. However, starting from high-performance and general-purpose CPUs is not the best way, we should continue, start with system on chip.

Excuse me: if it is correct, what system should we choose in China? Which facilities and supporting technologies should be prioritized? How can we ensure a virtuous circle of scientific research, applications, and industry?

7. Some people think that the computer architecture should meet the needs of network computing. Currently, "simple client" and "powerful server" should be developed ". Clients should gradually implement smart, while servers should follow the Suma standards (scalability, usability, manageability and availability-scalable, easy to use, manageable, and available ). In the future, the client will be p3c or compunicator, and the server will eventually become virtual
Server environment.

Is such a prediction accurate? If it is basically accurate, what architecture and basic software will this client and server adopt? What are the metrics for measuring their performance?

8. Some people think that we must develop a computer system for the Chinese. It should include hosts, software, input/output, network systems, and development tools and environments that are "useful to the Chinese.

Excuse me: how is the computer "for the Chinese? What is the essential difference from General computers? In order to develop such computers, what basic theories and key technologies should be prioritized?

9. Some people think that the Bottleneck Hindering the development of information technology in China and the value-added benefits (social and economic benefits) of information construction is the contempt for the construction of information resources, this is the most serious reflection of "heavy, light, soft.

Excuse me: what is the crux of ignoring information resource construction? Are you aware of problems, management issues, or technical issues? In information resource recommendations, what people expect is the benefits of value-added knowledge. What key technologies should be overcome? How can we analyze the profit sources of the future information industry?

10. Some people think that information security is the most urgent issue and has a huge industrial prospect. To this end, we should develop our own CPU, operating system, database, dedicated network, and network software, and strictly implement the login system, identity authentication, and password ......

Excuse me: what is the key aspect of information security while giving full play to the advantages of information sharing? What is information security technology that should be broken through first?

11. Some people think that computer technology is developing rapidly, and new concepts, new technologies, and new products are changing with each passing day. To help students quickly adapt to their work after graduation, the university is busy teaching students new technologies. As a result, the teaching material becomes a "product manual", and the teacher is "Learning and selling now", and the scholar is "busy sharpening and seldom killing chickens ".

How can we improve the current teaching status of computer science?

12. Some people believe that the following prerequisites should be taken into account when solving the above problems: the results of Application Software accumulated in the past must be inherited; the internationally established or popular standards must be followed; it is expected to produce economic or social benefits within a certain period of time.

Are these prerequisites limiting innovation or the objective rules that must be followed by "Inheriting development? How should we deal with this conflict?

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A: The last question is a touch.

B: 13 years have passed. How have these contradictions been solved?