Basic knowledge: UPS Glossary

AC: Communication

It is used to describe the alternating voltage or current of plus or minus half weeks, such as 230VAC. In an AC distribution system, the frequency of the 230V voltage standard is 50 HZ, and that of the 110V standard countries in North America is 60 HZ. The waveform may be a sine wave or a step wave or a square wave. The battery-related term is DC ), the AC distribution system is superior to the DC Distribution System in that the voltage obtained at the secondary edge of the transformer may be the positive half week of the waveform or the negative half week, DC means that the voltage can only be in the single direction. Compared with the DC distribution system, the AC distribution system has another advantage: due to the positive and negative half-cycle alternating waveform, the voltage, current and energy have exceeded zero point, this feature is similar to the Arc Extinguishing circuit, this can eliminate potential arc effects, such as changes in contact resistance or transient strong current, caused by long-time use of switches, insurance, relays, and air conditioners, this is critical to the DC distribution system.

Battery:

UPS is a device used to store energy. The battery used for UPS can be reused. Generally, the battery type of UPS is a lead-acid maintenance-free battery. The electrolyte inside the battery is in the form of liquid and prevents leakage. This ensures that the battery can be used no matter how it is placed.

Low Voltage: the input voltage is lower than normal. If the low voltage lasts for more than 1 second, it becomes a voltage trap. Low voltage is usually caused by Circuit overload or power supply companies to avoid excessive user usage during peak hours. Research shows that low voltage usually affects computer work.

BTU:

Imperial unit of heat. It is usually used in building heat dissipation and cooling systems, and the heat production of computer equipment must be considered when designing building temperature control. 3.6BTU/hour is equivalent to 1 watt.

Bypass: refers to the UPS's AC path. In case of overload or other abnormal conditions, the UPS will be transferred to the automatic bypass operation to protect the load equipment. In case of a fault in the UPS instance, you can transfer the UPS instance to the bypass for operation. Maintenance bypass means that the UPS can be completely isolated without interrupting the load. In a true sense, the maintenance bypass and UPS should be completely separated.

Circuit Breaker:

Disconnect to protect the system when the current exceeds the limit. The circuit breaker needs to be calibrated during the manufacturing process to correspond to the given overcurrent value. Large Current may cause fire when the connection is over. Therefore, if a large current passes through due to device failure or user operation error, the circuit breaker can be switched off to avoid overheating. For building wiring and distribution systems, the air-opening capacity of power distribution panels must comply with national standards.

Common Mode Interference: For an AC system, common mode interference refers to the noise or surge on the power line. Common Mode Interference exists between the FireWire and ground wire, between the zero line and the ground wire. In most countries, the zero line and the ground line are usually connected to the maintenance distribution panel, that is, the circuit breaker and the ground line are connected, so there is no common mode interference. However, the zero line or the ground line is unexpected noise signal, wiring error, overload current and other factors will cause the existence of common mode interference. The current computer load can be isolated from common-mode interference. Common-mode interference is usually mixed with ground noise between systems, resulting in computer damage or data loss.

Peak factor peak coefficient ):

The peak factor is the ratio of the peak current to the average value. The peak factor of the square wave is 1. The peak factor of the sine wave is 1.414. The peak factor of a common computer power supply, such as a mains supply, is 4. In this case, the peak factor is 4 mainly because of the complex interaction between the input and the load. When the power supply of Computer load is UPS, the peak factor decreases. Reducing the peak factor does not affect computer equipment when the UPS supplies power to the load. On the contrary, it is helpful for it to work. The peak factor is the product of the interaction between power supply and load, so it is meaningless for load and power supply. The factors that affect the peak factor provided by UPS are usually the output impedance of each harmonic wave, the output voltage waveform distortion and the maximum current. Although the high peak factor is the standard for measuring the UPS Output Stability and output voltage quality, different measurement techniques make it meaningless to measure the product performance of the peak factor. Currently, the common method is to evaluate the output voltage value or the distortion of the output voltage waveform when a stepping load is used.