Basic SPSS Tutorial: Data input and preservation

Example: A Keshan ward measured 11 patients with Keshan disease and 13 healthy people of the blood Phosphorus value (MMOL/L) is as follows, asked whether the acute Keshan disease patients and healthy people's blood phosphorus value is different?

Patients: 0.84 1.05 1.20 1.20 1.39 1.53 1.67 1.80 1.87 2.07 2.11

Healthy persons: 0.54 0.64 0.64 0.75 0.76 0.81 1.16 1.20 1.34 1.35 1.48 1.56 1.87

Let's get things straightened out: the first thing to do is to open the computer (nonsense), and then enter the Plague 98 or plague 2000 (or nonsense, the following omitted nonsense 20,000 words), after entering the SPSS, the specific work flow is as follows:

1, the data input SPSS, coexistence disk in case of power failure.

2, the necessary pre-analysis (distribution map, the description of the standard deviation of the mean), to determine the test method should be used.

3, according to the requirements of the statistical analysis of the problem.

4, Save and export analysis results.

Follow these steps in turn.

This chapter focuses on--data input and preservation first, the interface of SPSS

When SPSS is opened, the interface shown in front of us is as follows:

Please stop the mouse in the rest of the place, and soon the name of the corresponding part will pop up.

Notice that the top of the window appears as "SPSS for Windows data Editor", indicating that the Data Management window for SPSS is now visible. This is a typical Windows software interface, with a menu bar, a toolbar. In particular, the data bar below the toolbar is the main interface of the Data Management window below the data bar. This interface is very similar to Excel, consisting of several rows and columns, one record per row, and one variable for each column. Since we have not entered any data at this time, the labels of the rows and columns are gray. Notice that the cell border of the first column in the first row is dark, indicating that the data cell is the current cell.

For friends who are unfamiliar with the Windows operating interface, refer to the first lesson in SAS introductory section. A friend who is unfamiliar with the data table interface can learn the Excel operation first (because its help is in Chinese).

In SPSS all data are saved with the maximum number of digits (as if it were double), that is, although the default is only two decimal places, but that refers to the accuracy of the calculation, the actual number of saved data bits is very long (you can enter the PI value to try). In most cases, the default data types and data accuracy given by SPSS can be fully met, but not very good. As for the more fancy options such as labels, I seldom use them anyway. Now we're just getting started, basics. I'll describe the usage of the various settings in detail later.

Some SPSS system opens with a navigation dialog box, click the Cancer button at the bottom right to enter the main interface above.

Second, define the variable

This data is quantitative data, designed for group design, so we need to build two variables, one variable represents the blood phosphorus value, the customary name is x, the other variable represents the observed object is healthy people or Keshan patients, the custom named group.

Select Menu Data==>define Variable. The System Popup definition Variable dialog box is as follows:

At the top of the dialog box is the variable name, which is now displayed as "VAR00001", which is the default variable name of the system, and down is the variable case description, you can see the system default variable is a numeric type, the length is 8, there are two decimal digits, there is no missing value, the display alignment is right-aligned; You can set the variable type, label, missing value and column display format, and part four is actually used to define whether the variable is a numeric variable, an ordered categorical variable, or an unordered categorical variable, and now the default new variable is a numeric variable; the bottom is the OK, Cancel, and Help buttons.

OK, first of all, set up the grouping variable group. Change the variable name to group, and then click the OK button.

In SPSS all data are saved with the maximum number of digits (as if it were double), that is, although the default is only two decimal places, but that refers to the accuracy of the calculation, the actual number of saved data bits is very long (you can enter the PI value to try). In most cases, the default data types and data accuracy given by SPSS can be fully met, but not very good. As for the more fancy options such as labels, I seldom use them anyway. Now we're just getting started, basics. I'll describe the usage of the various settings in detail later.

Now the Data Management window for SPSS is as follows:

The name of the first column has been changed to "group", which is the new variable "group" that we define.

Now let's build the variable x. Click the cell in the second column of the first row, and then choose Menu Data==>define Variable, change the variable name to X, and then confirm. At this point the Data Management window for SPSS is as follows:

Now, the names of the first and second columns are all dark, indicating that the columns have been defined as variables, and the names of the remaining columns are still "Var" in gray, indicating that they have not been used. Similarly, the labels for each row are also dimmed, indicating that no data has been entered yet, that is, there are no records in the dataset.

iii. input Data

Let's first enter the value of the variable x, make sure a row of two columns is the current cell, discard the mouse and use the keyboard, enter the first data 0.84, this time the interface shows a:

Note: Before entering the carriage, the data you entered is displayed in the data bar, not in the cell, and now enter, as shown in interface B:

First, the current cell moves down to two rows and two columns, and the contents of a row of two columns are replaced with 0.84; second, the label of the first row turns black, indicating that the row has entered data, and thirdly, a row of cells is displayed as "." Because no data has been entered, which indicates that the data is a missing value.

Using a similar input method, we have entered the patient's blood phosphorus value, and the corresponding variable group is valued at 1, the Data Management window is as follows:

Enter the data for the healthy person from line 12th and value the corresponding group variable to 2. The data set should eventually have 24 records.

iv. Preservation of data

Select Menu File==>save, because the data has never been saved, so the pop-up Save As dialog box is as follows:

Click the Save as Type list box to see the various data types supported by SPSS, including DBF, FoxPro, EXCEL, Access, and so on, where we still save it as SPSS's own data format (*.sav file). Type li1_1 in the File name box and enter, and you can see that the upper-left corner of the data Management window is changed from untitled to the current variable name li1_1.

PS: Why are Chinese characters appearing in the dialog box here? In this case, it needs to be interpreted from a programmatic point of view: SPSS will invoke the common function of the Windows System when the dialog box pops up, because we are using the Chinese Windows system, so the call is Chinese.

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Basic SPSS Tutorial: Data input and preservation