Common Linux commands (3) -- File search commands

Common Linux commands (3) -- File search command 1. command name: whichwww.2cto.com command path:/usr/bin/which execution permission: all users function description: display the directory syntax of the system command: which [command name] [root @ localhost... common Linux commands (3) -- File search command 1. command name: which www.2cto.com command path:/usr/bin/which execution permission: all users function description: display the directory syntax of the system command: which [command name] [root @ localhost ~] # Which ls alias ls = 'ls -- color = Auto'/bin/ls [root @ localhost ~] #2. command name: find execution permission: all users function description: find a file or directory syntax: find [search path] [search keyword] 1) -name: search by name * matching any character? Match a single character www.2cto.com. find the file init [root @ localhost ~] in the/etc directory by name. # Find/etc-name init/etc/webmin/init/etc/kdump-adv-conf/kdump_initscripts/init/etc/sysconfig/init [root @ localhost ~] # Use the * wildcard to search for files starting with init [root @ localhost ~] # Find/etc-name init */etc/selinux/targeted/contexts/initrc_context/etc/inittab/etc/webmin/init/etc/kdump-adv -conf/kdump_initscripts/init/etc/init/init-system-dbus.conf/etc/rc. d/init. d/etc/sysconfig/init/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/init. ipv6-global/etc/init. d [root @ localhost ~] # Use? Wildcard search for files starting with init and followed by three characters [root @ localhost ~] # Find/etc-name init ??? /Etc/inittab/etc/webmin/inittab [root @ localhost ~] #2)-size: search for data blocks based on the file size) in the unit of 512 bytes = 2048 kB + less than-or equal to the direct and numerical values in the/etc directory to find files larger than 1 MB 1 MB = kb = data blocks) [root @ localhost ~] # Find/etc-size + 2048/etc/selinux/targeted/policy/policy.24/etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/policy. kern/etc/gconf. xml. defaults/% gconf-tree.xml [root @ localhost ~] #3)-The user searches for the files whose owner is luxh in the/home directory based on the file owner [root @ localhost ~] # Find/home-user luxh 4) query by time (in the unit of days): ctime, atime, mtime (in minutes ): cmin, amin, and mmin c --> change indicates that the attributes of the file have been modified. for example, the owner, group, and permission of the file have been changed. a --> access, indicates that the file has been accessed by m --> modify modification, indicates the file content has been modified-indicates how long it will take + indicates how long it will take to search for the files and directories that have been modified in the/etc directory within one day [root @ localhost ~] # Find/etc-ctime-1/etc/resolv. conf/etc/mtab/etc/avahi/etc/localtime [root @ localhost ~] # Search for files modified within two hours in the/etc directory (120 minutes in two hours) [root @ localhost ~] # Find/etc-mmin-120/etc/resolv. conf/etc/mtab [root @ localhost ~] #5)-type searches for f second-level files based on the file type, l soft-link files, d directory searches for directory files under/etc directory [root @ localhost ~] # Find/etc-type d 6) connector: 6.1)-a and logic and, -o or logic or search for files larger than 80 MB and smaller than MB in the/etc directory [root @ localhost ~] # Find/etc-size + 163840-a-size-204800 6.2) find... -exec command {}\; or find... -OK command {}\;-OK will have the result \ escape character of the query {} find process, so that the symbols and commands use their own meaning. result, indicates that the statement ends. search for the inittab file in the/etc directory and display its details. [root @ localhost ~] # Find/etc-name inittab-exec ls-l {}\;-rw-r --. 1 root 884 May 5 2012/etc/inittabtotal 4-rw -------. 1 root bin 42 May 16 2012 config [root @ localhost ~] # Find and delete testfile [root @ localhost ~] in the/abc Directory # Find/abc-name testfile-exec rm-rf {}\; find and delete a.txt under the/abcdirectory. if you use-OK, the system will prompt [root @ localhost ~] # Find/abc-name a.txt-OK rm {}\; <rm.../abc/a.txt>? Y. find the directory files starting with init * in the/etc directory and display their information in detail. [root @ localhost ~] # Find/etc-name init *-a-type f-exec ls-l {}\;-rw-r --. 1 root 30 Dec 7 2011/etc/selinux/targeted/contexts/initrc_context-rw-r -- r --. 1 root 884 May 5 2012/etc/inittab-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root 4781 Oct 29 2009/etc/kdump-adv-conf/kdump_initscripts/init-rw-r --. 1 root 130 Jul 18 2011/etc/init/init-system-dbus.conf-rw-r -- r --. 1 root 1154 Dec 8 2011/etc/sysconfig/init-r Wxr-xr-x. 1 root 4623 Oct 7 2011/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/init. ipv6-global [root @ localhost ~] #7)-inum searches for the I node of the ls-I display file based on the file I node [root @ localhost ~] # Ls-I/abc 5355 issue. hard 129390 issue. soft 130438 prem [root @ localhost ~] # Find/abc-inum 5355/abc/issue. hard [root @ localhost ~] # Sometimes someone else may have created some files with strange names and cannot delete them using rm [root @ localhost ~] # Ls-l/abctotal 4-rw-r -- r --. 1 root 0 Nov 20 06:09 a B-rw-r --. 3 root 0 Nov 15 issue. hardlrwxrwxrwx. 1 root 10 Nov 15 issue. soft->/etc/issuedrwxr-xr-x. 2 root 4096 Nov 15 05:36 prem [root @ localhost ~] # Rm a brm: cannot remove 'A': No such file or directoryrm: cannot remove 'B': No such file or directory [root @ localhost ~] # You can delete [root @ localhost ~] based on the I node of the file. # Ls-I/abc a B 5355 issue. hard 129390 issue. soft 130438 prem [root @ localhost ~] # Find/abc-inum 129330-exec rm {}\; [root @ localhost ~] # Ls-I/abc issue. hard 129390 issue. soft 130438 prem [root @ localhost ~] #3. command name: locate execution permission: all users function description: search for files or directories syntax: locate [search keyword] [root @ localhost ~] # Locate inittab locate is found in a file database regularly updated by the system, which is faster. The system automatically calls updatedb to regularly update the directory file database 4. command name: updatedb execution permission: root function description: create the database syntax of the entire system directory File: updatedb 5. command name: grep execution permission: therefore, user function description: Searches for strings matching rows in the file and outputs the syntax: grep [specified string] [source file] Searches for tftp-matched rows in the/etc/services file [root @ localhost ~] # Grep tftp/etc/servicestftp 69/tcptftp 69/udptftp-mcast 1758/tcptftp-mcast 1758/udpmtftp 1759/udp spss-lmsubntbcst_tftp 247/tcp # protocol 247/udp # SUBNTBCST_TFTPetftp 1818/tcp # Enhanced Trivial File Transfer Protocoletftp 1818/udp # Enhanced Trivial File Transfer Protocoltftps 3713/tcp # TFTP over TLStftps 3713/udp # TFTP over TLS [root @ localhost ~] #