Dos Intercept string method

For a detailed description of the string problem in the DOS (Windows command line) intercept variable, you need a friend to refer to the next

To illustrate the problem of intercepting a string in a variable, the following example has been cited:

Copy Code code as follows:


@echo off


Set str=123456789


echo the first character is:%str:~0,1%

The
Echo first two characters are:%str:~0,2%


Echo Head 5 characters are:%str:~0,5%


Echo Removes the string after the last character:%str:~0,-1%


Echo Removes the last 3 characters after the string:%str:~0,-3%


Echo the 4th character is:%str:~3,1%


Echo 4th and the following 3 characters are:%str:~3,4%

The last character of
Echo is:%str:~-1%

The last character of
Echo is:%str:~-1,1%

The last character of
Echo is:%str:~-1,2%

The 4th character of
Echo is:%str:~-4,1%

The 4th and subsequent characters of
Echo are:%str:~-4%

The 4th and subsequent 1 characters of
echo are:%str:~-4,2%

The 4th and subsequent 2 characters of
echo are:%str:~-4,3%


Pause

To illustrate this issue, I am here to take the batch processing character, to do a further explanation, I hope to enlighten the novice
As follows:
Echo%var:~n,k%
Here's a description of each parameter: "%var", which is the string from which we want to intercept characters. "~" to take the word
Character marker (as I understand it), "n" We interpret it as a pointer, "K" we interpret as an offset address. (Note
: Pointers and offset addresses are zero-based.
We still use the example of NAMEJM moderator to do the following explanation:

Copy Code code as follows:

@echo off
Set str=123456789
REM defines a str string of 123456789
echo the first character is:%str:~0,1%
The REM pointer is 0, and the offset address is 1, Starting at No. 0, the 1-bit
Echo-first two characters are:%str:~0,2%
The REM pointer is 0, the offset address is 2, starting at No. 0, and 2-bit
Echo-head 5 characters:%str:~0,5%
rem   The pointer is 0, the offset address is 5, starting at No. 0, and taking the 5-bit
Echo removes the string after the last character:%str:~0,-1%
Rem when "K" is a negative value, we can understand this: start at the beginning of the pointer to all the characters behind it, then subtract the back "abs" ( k) Bit ". So the sentence we can do is as follows: start at the No. 0 bit with all of its characters
: 123456789 then subtract the ABS (k) bit from the back, so the final result is: 12345678
Echo Removes the last 3 characters from the string:%str:~0,-3%
rem   This sentence to explain IBID. ↑
Echo Last character:%str:~-1%
rem   parameter "N," and "K" can be the default, the default "N," can be understood as follows: from ABS (k) The bit begins to take all of its
Echo's penultimate 4th and the following characters are:%str:~-4%
rem         Interpretation ditto ↑
Echo The last character is:%str:~-1,1%
rem   n is negative, it means to intercept the character from the beginning, take the K bit (at which point N should start at 1)
Echo last character:%str:~-1,2%
rem    Interpretation ditto ↑
Echo 4th character:%str:~-4,1%
rem   Interpretation ditto ↑
Echo Countdown 4th and the following 1 characters are:%str:~-4,2%
REM    Interpretation ditto ↑
Echo 4th and the following 2 characters are:%str:~-4,3%
Rem Interpretation ibid. ↑
pause