Geometry operations in the shapely

Geometric Objects
Object. Area	Returns the area (float) of the object.
Object. bounds	Returns A (Minx, Miny, Maxx, Maxy) tuple (float values) that bounds the object.
Object. length	Returns the length (float) of the object.
Object. Geom_type	Returns a string specifying the Geometry Type
object. Distance (Other)	Returns the minimum distance (float) to the other geometric object.
object. Representative_point ()	Returns a cheaply computed point, is guaranteed to be within the geometric object.
Unary predicates
Object. has_z	Returns True If the feature have not only x and y, but also z coordinates for 3D (or so-called, 2.5D) geometries.
Object. IS_CCW	Returns True If coordinates is in the counter-clockwise order (bounding a region with positive signed area). This method applies to linearring objects only
Object. Is_empty	Returns True If the feature ' s interior and boundary (in point set terms) are coincide with the empty set.
Object. is_ring	Returns True If the feature is closed. A closed feature ' s boundary coincides with the empty set.
Object. Is_simple	Returns True If the feature does not cross itself.
Object. Is_valid	Returns True If a feature is ' valid ' in the sense of [1].
Binary predicates
object. almost_equals (Other [, decimal=6])	Returns True If the object is approximately equal to the other at all points to specified decimal place Precision.
object. contains (Other)	Returns True If the object ' s interior contains the boundary and interior of the other object an D Their boundaries do not touch @ all.
object. crosses (Other)	Returns True If the interior of the object intersects the interior of the other but does not contain I T, and the dimension of the intersection are less than the dimension of the one or the other.
object. disjoint (Other)	Returns True If the boundary and interior of the object do not intersect at all with those of the other.
object. equals (Other)	Returns True If the set-theoretic boundary, interior, and exterior of the object coincide wit H those of the other.
object. intersects (Other)	Returns True If the boundary and interior of the object intersect in any of the .
object. touches (Other)	Returns True If the objects has at least one point in common and their interiors does not intersect with any part of the OT Her.
object. within (Other)	Returns True If the object ' s boundary and interior intersect only with the interior of the othe R (not its boundary or exterior).
De-9im relationships
object. Relate (Other)	Returns a string representation of the De-9im matrix of relationships between an object ' s interior, boundary< /c4>, exterior and those of another geometric object.
Set-theoretic Methods
Object. Boundary	Returns a lower dimensional object representing the object ' s set-theoretic boundary.
Object. centroid	Returns a representation of the object ' s geometric centroid (point).
object. difference (Other)	Returns a representation of the points making up this geometric object that does not make to the other object.
object. intersection (Other)	Returns a representation of the intersection of this object with the other geometric object.
object. symmetric_difference (Other)	Returns a representation of the points in this object isn't in the other geometric object, and the points in the other the This geometric object.
object. Union (Other)	Returns a representation of the Union of points from this object and the other geometric object.
Constructive Methods
object. Buffer (distance, resolution=16, cap_style=1, join_style=1, mitre_limit=1.0)	Returns an approximate representation of all points within a given distance of the that this geometric object.
Object. Convex_hull	Returns a representation of the smallest convex Polygon containing all the points in the object unless the numb Er of points in the object was less than three.
Object. Envelope	Returns a representation of the point or smallest rectangular polygon (with sides parallel to the coordinate axes) that CO Ntains the object.
object. Parallel_offset (distance, side, resolution=16, join_style=1, mitre_limit=1.0)	Returns a LineString or multilinestring geometry at a distance from the object to its right or its left side.
object. Simplify (tolerance, preserve_topology=true)	Returns a simplified representation of the geometric object.
Affine transformations
shapely.affinity. Affine_transform (geom, matrix)	Returns a transformed geometry using an affine transformation matrix.
shapely.affinity. Rotate (geom, angle, origin= ' center ', Use_radians=false)	Returns a rotated geometry on a 2D plane.
shapely.affinity. Scale (geom, xfact=1.0, yfact=1.0, zfact=1.0, origin= ' center ')	Returns a scaled geometry, scaled by factors along each dimension.
shapely.affinity. Skew (geom, xs=0.0, ys=0.0, origin= ' center ', use_radians=false)	Returns a skewed geometry, sheared by angles along X and y dimensions.
shapely.affinity. Translate (geom, xoff=0.0, yoff=0.0, zoff=0.0)	Returns a translated geometry shifted by offsets along each dimension.
Shapely.ops. Transform (func, geom)	Applies func to all coordinates of Geom and returns a new geometry of the same type from the transformed Coordinates.
Merging Linear Features
Shapely.ops. polygonize (lines)	Returns an iterator through polygons constructed from the input lines.
Shapely.ops. polygonize_full (lines)	Creates polygons from a source of lines, returning the polygons and leftover geometries.
Shapely.ops. Linemerge (lines)	Returns a LineString or multilinestring representing the merger of all contiguous elements of lines< /c8>.
Cascading unions
Shapely.ops. cascaded_union (geoms)	Returns a representation of the Union of the given geometric objects.
Shapely.ops. unary_union (geoms)	Returns a representation of the Union of the given geometric objects.
Prepared Geometry Operations
prepared. Prep (ob)	Creates and returns a prepared geometric object.
Diagnostics
Validation.explain_validity (OB)	Returns a string explaining the validity or invalidity of the object.
Interoperation--well-known Formats
Object. wkb.encode (' hex ')	A well known Text (WKT) or well known Binary (WKB) representation [1] of any geometric object can be had Via its wkt or wkb attribute.
Object. wkt
SHAPELY.WKB. dumps (ob)	Returns a WKB representation of ob.
SHAPELY.WKB. loads (wkb)	Returns a geometric object from a WKB representation WKB.
shapely.wkt. dumps (ob)	Returns a WKT representation of ob.
shapely.wkt. loads (wkt)	Returns a geometric object from a WKT representation WKT.
interoperation--Numpy and Python Arrays
Shapely.geometry. Asshape ()	Family of functions can be used to wrap Numpy coordinate arrays so this they can then is analyzed using shapely while main Taining their original storage
interoperation--Python Geo Interface
Shapely.geometry. Asshape (context)	Adapts the context to a geometry interface. The coordinates remain stored in the context.
Shapely.geometry. Shape (context)	Returns a new, independent geometry with coordinates copied from the context.
Shapely.geometry. Mapping (ob)	Returns a new, independent geometry with coordinates copied from the context.

Linear referencing Methods
Object. interpolate (distance[, Normalized=false])	Return a point at the specified distance along a linear geometric object.
object. Project (Other [, Normalized=false])	Returns the distance along this geometric object to a point nearest the other object.

Geometry operations in the shapely