How to install software in Linux

How to install software under Linux-general Linux technology-Linux technology and application information, the following is a detailed description. Author: waywardson @ 126

There are three main forms.

First, the rpm package is applicable to red hat and Linux versions that support rpm. This software package contains pre-compiled software. install and use the rpm command. Rpm-I indicates installation. Rpm-U indicates the update. In fact, rpm-U is omnipotent. If it is not installed, it will be installed for you. If it is an old version, it will be updated for you, and-I can only be installed, an error is reported when an update occurs. To uninstall, use rpm-e. In addition, the-vv switch is often used, which means verbose. It will tell you the detailed information during the installation and update process, so that you can use rpm-ivv and rpm-Uvv. The rpm installation method is recorded in the system database, and there is usually an rpm manager in the system, which can be used for convenient uninstallation. When uninstalling the package, it will help you check the dependencies of other packages on this package.

The other is the deb package, which is applicable to the Linux version of the Debian series. It has all the features of rpm. Dpkg-I is the installation, and dpkg-r is uninstalled. In addition, the debian package has a feature that allows you to automate the installation process, that is, automatically download and install, without searching, downloading, and then installing. Use the apt-get command.

The last is the original, and the most flexible is the TarBall. It is not a compiled package. It contains the source code, so that you can modify it, cut off the unwanted features, and add the desired features. The installation process is to decompress .tar.gz(.tar.bz2) and combine the command-type gunzip with tar. I usually decompress the package in the graphic interface, and then open a shell in the decompressed folder. Then, read readme and other instructions, follow the instructions. But it is generally three steps, first. /configure: This Module checks the information about your Linux system, including the environment variables, and finally customizes A makefile for your system for the next step; the second step is to compile the source code. make is based on the makefile generated in the previous step. The last step is make install, that is, to compile the East suit. In this way, the three steps generally load the program to the default location. If you want to specify the location, specify the./configure-prefix in the first step. This prefix specifies the path you want to install. Before the last step of installation, you can run a command similar to make test to test whether the compilation result is successful. If you need to re-compile or even re-execute the first step on the way, you may use the make clean command to clear the compiled object file. For details, refer to the readme or insall documents in the package.

Remember some facts./configure is because there is an executable file or script named configure in this package. Make is a GNU Make file that comes with your system. Of course, it may use other make files. It depends on which version of make is applicable to the makefile of the program you want to install, for example, gmake is used when installing qt. The clean and install parameters in make clean and make install are defined in makefile, rather than fixed parameters of the make program. I mean to install a Tarball package. Although there are some common things, you must check the readme or install documentation provided by the package author. For details, go to the Google Keyword "Write Makefile with me", classic article.

In fact, there is another way, that is, compiled, pack it for you, decompress it to run. This process is generally written in java, such as luma qq and DGuitar (Open Source Software of Guitar Pro can be read ), in addition, it is not just java's eclipse that can be decompressed.

Last night was very depressing. for the Linux version of fm, if qt4.3 needs to be compiled, it is terrible to go to Ann qt4.3. After compiling for more than an hour, it finally stops, rather than compiling, but my hard disk is out of space. A major advertisement of qt is kde, which will be used to write kde. It is said that the class library of qt is much better than that of MFC. Let's talk about it later.