Linux Makefile Basics

Article Title: Basics of compiling Makefile on Linux. Linux is a technology channel of the IT lab in China. Includes basic categories such as desktop applications, Linux system management, kernel research, embedded systems, and open source.

Purpose:

I have mastered the usage of make and can program on Linux.

Environment:

Linux system, or a Linux server, connected through a terminal. One sentence: There is a Linux compiling environment.

Preparation:

Prepare three files: file1.c, file2.c, and file2.h.
File1.c:
# Include
# Include "file2.h"
Int main ()
{
Printf ("print file1 $ \ n ");
File2Print ();
Return 0;
}

File2.h:

# Ifndef FILE2_H _
# Define FILE2_H _

# Ifdef _ cplusplus

Extern "C "{

# Endif

Void File2Print ();

# Ifdef _ cplusplus

}

# Endif

# Endif

File2.c:
# Include "file2.h"
Void File2Print ()
{
Printf ("Print file2 *********************** \ n ");
}

Basics:

Here is an example:
There is such a Makefile. (The file and Makefile are in the same directory)
=== Makefile start ===
Helloworld: file1.o file2.o
Gcc file1.o file2.o-o helloworld

File1.o: file1.c file2.h
Gcc-c file1.c-o file1.o

File2.o: file2.c file2.h

Gcc-c file2.c-o file2.o

Clean:

Rm-rf *. o helloworld

=== Makefile ended ===

A makefile mainly contains a series of rules as follows:
A: B
(Tab)
(Tab)

Each command line must have a tab.

The makefile above aims to compile an executable helloworld file. Let's explain in one sentence:

Helloworld: file1.o file2.o: helloworld depends on file1.o file2.o.

Gcc File1.o File2.o-o helloworld: Compile the helloworld executable file. -O indicates the target file name you specified.

File1.o: file1.c: file1.o depends on the file1.c file.

Gcc-c file1.c-o file1.o: Compile the file1.o file. -C indicates that gcc only compiles the file for it into the target file. It is named by the source file name, but its suffix is changed from ". c "or". cc "to". o ". -O file1.o can be omitted in this sentence. By default, the compiler generates the file1.o file, which is the role of-c.

File2.o: file2.c file2.h
Gcc-c file2.c-o file2.o

These two sentences are the same as the previous two sentences.

Clean:

Rm-rf *. o helloworld

When you type the make clean command, the *. o and helloworld files are deleted.

To compile the cpp file, you only need to change gcc to g ++.

Write the Makefile file, and directly type the make command in the command line to execute the content in the Makefile.

In this step, I think you can compile a Helloworld program.

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