Summary of common linux Commands

1. General Command: 1 date: printorsetthesystemdateandtime2stty-a: can view or print control characters (Ctrl-C, Ctrl-D, Ctr I. general commands:1. date: print or set the system date and time 2. stty-a: You can view or print control characters (Ctrl-C, Ctrl-D, Ctrl-Z, etc.) 3. passwd: print or set the system date and time (view with passwd-h) 4. logout and login: shell logon and logout command 5. pwd: print or set the system date and time 6. more, less, head tail: displays or partially displays the file content. 7. lp/lpstat/cancel, lpr/lpq/lprm: print the file. 8. change file permissions: chmod u + x... 9. delete non-empty directory: rm-fr dir 10. copy Directory: cp-R dir II. common ubuntu commands:1. dpkg: package manager for Debian * installation: dpkg-I package * uninstall: dpkg-r package * uninstall and delete the configuration file: dpkg-P | -- purge package * If a package is installed. Dependent on some databases. You can # apt-get install somelib... * check the package installation content: dpkg-L package * In addition, dpkg also has dselect and aptitude frontend.2. apt * installation: apt-get install packs * apt-get update: update source * apt-get upgrade: upgrade the system. * Apt-get dist-upgrade: smart upgrade. Install the new software package and delete the discarded software package * apt-get-f install:-f = -- fix broken to fix the dependency * apt-get autoremove: automatically delete useless software * apt-get remove packages: delete software * apt-get remove package -- purge delete package and clear configuration file * clear the residual configuration file of the Delete package: dpkg-l | grep ^ rc | awk '{print $2}' | tr ["/n"] [""] | sudo xargs dpkg-P * temporary storage directory: /var/cache/apt/archives * clear this directory: apt-get clean * clear the old software cache of this directory: apt-get autoclean * query some dependent packages of the software: apt-cache depends some * query which packages depend on the software some: apt-get rdepends some * search software: apt-cache search name | regexp * view the compilation dependency library of a software: apt-cache showsrc packagename | grep Build-Depends * download the source code of the software: apt-get source packagename (note: sources. list should contain deb-src source) * Install the package source code and its compiling environment: apt-get build-dep packagename (with deb-src source) * How to add a local CD to the installation source list: apt-cdrom add 3. System Command:* View kernel version: uname-a * view ubuntu version: cat/etc/issue * view NIC status: ethtool eth0 * View Memory, cpu information: cat/proc/meminfo; cat/proc/cpuinfo (there are many system information under/proc) * print the usage of the file system space: df-h * view the hard disk partition: fdisk-l * production depends on the file size: du-h filename; * view the directory size: du-hs dirname; du-h dirname is to view the size of all files in the directory * View memory usage: free-m |-g |-k * View process: ps-e or ps-aux --> Display user * kill process: kill pid * force kill: killall-9 processname4. network related: * configure ADSL: sudo pppoeconf * ADSL manual dialing: sudo pon dsl-provider * activate ADSL: sudo/etc/ppp/pppoe_on_boot * disconnect ADSL: sudo poff * query Nic address based on IP address: arping ip address * Local network information (including IP address): ifconfig | ifconfig eth0 * View route information: netstat-r * disable Nic: sudo ifconfig eth0 down * enable Nic: sudo ifconfig eth0 up * add a service: sudo update-rc.d service name defaults 99 * remove a service: sudo update-rc.d service name remove * temporarily restart a service: /etc/init. d/service name restart * temporarily close a service:/etc/init. d/service name stop * temporarily start a service:/etc/init. d/service name start * the console displays Chinese: sudo apt-get install zhcon * to find a file: whereis filename or find Directory-name file name * transfer the file scp-rp/path/filename through ssh