VRRPv2, VRRPv3, Vrrpe detailed

VRRP is another type of Gateway redundancy protocol and is a public mechanism, HSRP is a C Isco Private mechanism

• : VRRP (virtual Router     Redundancy Protocol, virtualized routing Redundancy Protocol), A number of Gateway routers virtual into a virtual router, the virtual router as a gateway. This virtual router is made up of a primary router ( master backup ), the primary router is in the true data forwarding state, and when the primary router fails, the backup router can take over his work, become the primary router, and continue to forward the data. (with hsrp a reason)  

• version:VRRP2 for IPv4 Service, VRRP3 for IPV6 service

• principle:PCset the gateway to the address of the virtual router,PCwithARPrequest the Virtual gatewayMACAddress (0000:5e00:01xx), the virtual routing groupMaster to answer and then transparently forward the data, butPCdo not know the real gatewayIPaddress.

Master/backup election principle : ① comparison priority, the bigger the better

② The same priority, compare the interface IP address, the bigger the better

when the Master/backup election is complete, the master router sends a VRRP group broadcast at intervals to notify the backup router that my primary router is working properly when a BAC The Kup router did not receive a group broadcast of the master router for a long time, which

The backup router becomes the master router, and if it receives a group broadcast from another master router, it compares the priority of the message with the local priority and the same principle as the election.

• features :

           ip , ipv4 header protocol number 112 224.0.0.18 of an interface can be ip as the virtual of the gateway ip this is HSRP

The ②VRRP has an address backup function to reduce the network black hole and achieve load balancing.

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                 such as: RoutersAis a group1of theMAster, backup of Group 2, routerBis a group2of theMAster, Backup of group 1

PC1 refers to the Group 1 virtual gateway, PC2 refers to the Group 2 virtual gateway, can achieve load balancing. (This is MHSRP)

③ determine the status of each router through an election and preemption model, allowing users to control and determine preferred paths

The ④ minimizes unnecessary interrupts. Only Master routers periodically send VRRP group broadcasts, with polling-like

⑤ Scalable security. Authentication can be turned on in VRRP ,3 modes.

VRRPv2 VRRPV3 notification message Format

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VRRP2 format

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VRRP3 format

Adver Int field: Notification interval. Default unit in VRRPv2 is 1 seconds, VRRPv3 default unit is 100 CL second

Count IP Addrs field: A backup group can be configured with multiple virtual addresses, choosing to use the first address as the default

R1 (config-if) #vrrp1 IP 10.1.1.100

R1 (config-if) #vrrp1 IP 10.1.1.101 Secondary

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HSRP You can also configure multiple virtual IP , but V1,v2 didn't carry this second address.

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VRRP the interface 3 State of:

• I after the NITIALIZE:VRRP is started, the interface up time, in this state, will not do any processing of the VRRP message

• M aster: Once the interface enters this state, periodically sends the VRRP group broadcast text, responds to the virtual IP arp request, receives the higher priority the VRRP message to become the backup

• B ackup: When the router is in backup state, receive Master's VRRP broadcast message to understand the status of master.

Vrrpe (VRRP load balancer)

          in theMHSRPthought, based on the ability to set up multiple groups, let part of thePCa different gateway, although load balancing can be achieved, thisDHCPconfiguration to be increased, so theVRRPis based on a mechanism that adds a virtualIPcorresponds to a number of virtualMACaddress, using a different virtualMACAddress to answerPCof theARPrequest, so as long as the configuration of a group is done, andPCYou can specify a virtualIP. These virtualMACis byMAster is assigned, including assigning to itself, and then forming a binding table entry locally. Once the ARP request for the PC is available, master will use the hashing algorithm to determine which virtual Mac to allocate into the ARP return packet.

Configuration:

R1 (config) #interfacefast0/0

R1 (config-if) #vrrp1 IP 192.168.13.254

R1 (CONFIG-IF) #vrrp1 priority 120

R1 (config-if) #vrrp1 preempt

R1 (CONFIG-IF) #vrrp1 authentication MD5 key-string Cisco

R1 (config-if) #vrrp1 Track 30 decrement

VRRPv2, VRRPv3, Vrrpe detailed