What protocols are included in the VoIP network protocol?

Many people should know about VoIP. But do you know the protocol types it contains. In the VoIP protocol, we use H.323, SIP, MEGACO, and MGCP. Among them, SIP is believed to be familiar to everyone. We will also give a brief introduction to other protocols.

VoIP network protocol

Currently, VoIP protocols are commonly used, such as H.323, SIP, MEGACO, and MGCP.

H.323 is a ITU-T standard that was initially used for multimedia conferencing on LAN) and later extended to covering VoIP.

This standard includes both point-to-point communication and multi-point meetings.

H.323 defines four logical components: terminal, gateway, gatekeeper, and multi-point control unit MCU ).

Terminals, gateways, and MCU are regarded as terminal points. Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is the IETF standard for establishing VOIP connections.

SIP is an application layer control protocol used to create, modify, and terminate sessions with one or more participants.

The structure of the SIP is similar to that of the HTTP client-server protocol.

In the VoIP network protocol, the client sends a request and sends it to the server. After the server processes the request, it sends a response to the client.

The request and response form a transaction. Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) is a VoIP protocol proposed by Cisco and Telcordia, which defines the communication service between the call control unit call proxy or media gateway) and the Telephone Gateway.

MGCP is a control protocol that allows the central console to monitor IP Phone and gateway events and notify them to send content to the specified address.

In the MGCP structure, Intelligent Call Control is placed outside the gateway and is handled by the call control unit call agent.

At the same time, call control units are synchronized with each other and send consistent commands to the gateway.

Media Gateway Control Protocol Megaco) is the result of a joint effort by IETF and ITU-TITU-TH.248 recommendations.

Megaco/H.248 is a protocol used to control the Protocol units of physically separated multimedia gateways. This allows you to separate call control from media transfer.

Megaco/H.248 illustrates the connection between the media gateway MG used to convert the circuit to exchange voice to packet-based communication traffic) and the Media Gateway controller used to define the service logic of this traffic.

Megaco/H.248 notifies media gateway to connect data streams from outside the packet or unit data network to data packets or unit data streams, such as real-time transmission protocol RTP ).

According to the relationship between the VoIP network protocol structure and gateway control, Megaco/H.248 is essentially similar to MGCP, but Megaco/H.248 supports a wider range of networks, such as ATM.