Android API ：SMS簡訊服務處理和擷取連絡人

Android API支援開發可以發送和接收SMS訊息的應用程式。目前我們開發過程中使用的Android模擬器還不支援發送SMS，但它可以接收SMS。現在我們來探索一下Android對SMS的支援，我們將會構建一個小小的應用程式來監聽行動裝置（或模擬器）上接收到的SMS訊息，並將它顯示出來。 我們來定義一個Intent接收器來處理SMS接收事件： package com.wissen.sms.receiver;       public class SMSReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {        @Override       public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {           // TODO        }    }   package com.wissen.sms.receiver;public class SMSReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {// TODO}}我們需要對這個Intent接收器進行配置以使它能擷取SMS接收事件，‘ android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED’這個事件狀態表示了SMS已被接收。我們可以在AndroidManifest.xml中進行如下配置： <receiver android:name=”.receiver.SMSReceiver” android:enabled=”true”>    <intent-filter>    <action android:name=”android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED” />    </intent-filter>    </receiver>   <receiver android:name=”.receiver.SMSReceiver” android:enabled=”true”><intent-filter><action android:name=”android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED” /></intent-filter></receiver>為了能讓我們的應用能接收SMS,我們得先進行許可權的指定，可以在AndroidManifest.xml中如下配置： <uses-permission android:name=”android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS”></uses-permission>   <uses-permission android:name=”android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS”></uses-permission>現在，我們的Intent接收器就可以在Android裝置接收到SMS的時候被調用了，餘下的事情就是去擷取和顯示接收到的SMS訊息文本了： public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {            Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();            Object messages[] = (Object[]) bundle.get(”pdus”);            SmsMessage smsMessage[] = new SmsMessage[messages.length];            for (int n = 0; n &lt; messages.length; n++) {                    smsMessage[n] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) messages[n]);           }          // show first message          Toast toast = Toast.makeText(context, “Received SMS: ” + smsMessage[0].getMessageBody(),                Toast.LENGTH_LONG);          toast.show();    }   public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();Object messages[] = (Object[]) bundle.get(”pdus”);SmsMessage smsMessage[] = new SmsMessage[messages.length];for (int n = 0; n &lt; messages.length; n++) {smsMessage[n] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) messages[n]);}// show first messageToast toast = Toast.makeText(context, “Received SMS: ” + smsMessage[0].getMessageBody(),                Toast.LENGTH_LONG);toast.show();}Android裝置接收到的SMS是以pdu形式的(protocol description unit)。android.telephony.gsm.SmsMessage這個類可以儲存SMS的相關資訊，我們也可以從接收到的pdu中建立新的SmsMessage執行個體，Toast介面組件可以以系統通知的形式來顯示接收到的SMS訊息文本。 運行程式： 現在讓我們來在模擬器中運行這個應用程式，以及發送SMS訊息到這個模擬器上。我們可以在eclipse的Android外掛程式所提供的DDMS視圖(Dalvik Debug Monitor Service)中發送SMS訊息到模擬器上（在’Emulator Control’面板中；另外需要指定電話電話號碼，不過可以是任意的） 發出廣播Intent的方法 public static final String MUSIC_ACTION="com.mythlink.MUSIC";       Intent intent=new Intent();    intent.setAction(MUSIC_ACTION);    intent.putExtra("music_path", songPath);    this.sendBroadcast(intent);   public static final String MUSIC_ACTION="com.mythlink.MUSIC";Intent intent=new Intent();intent.setAction(MUSIC_ACTION);intent.putExtra("music_path", songPath);this.sendBroadcast(intent);需要再寫一個廣播接收器 public class MusicReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {        @Override    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {      Bundle bundle=intent.getExtras();      String music_path=bundle.getString("music_path");      Toast toast=Toast.makeText(context, "Playing music:"+music_path, Toast.LENGTH_LONG);      toast.show();     }       }   public class MusicReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {Bundle bundle=intent.getExtras();String music_path=bundle.getString("music_path");Toast toast=Toast.makeText(context, "Playing music:"+music_path, Toast.LENGTH_LONG);toast.show();}}擷取連絡人資訊 public class ContactsList extends ListActivity {        private ListAdapter mAdapter;        @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {      super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);      Cursor c=this.getContentResolver().query(Contacts.People.CONTENT_URI, null, null, null, null);      this.startManagingCursor(c);            String[] columns=new String[]{Contacts.People.NAME};      int[] names=new int[]{R.id.song};////////////////      mAdapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter(this, R.layout.song_item, c, columns, names);      this.setListAdapter(mAdapter);     }        @Override    protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {      super.onListItemClick(l, v, position, id);      Intent i=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL);      Cursor c = (Cursor) mAdapter.getItem(position);         long phoneID = c.getLong(c.getColumnIndex(Contacts.People.PRIMARY_PHONE_ID));         i.setData(ContentUris.withAppendedId(Contacts.Phones.CONTENT_URI, phoneID));         this.startActivity(i);        }              }   public class ContactsList extends ListActivity {private ListAdapter mAdapter;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);Cursor c=this.getContentResolver().query(Contacts.People.CONTENT_URI, null, null, null, null);this.startManagingCursor(c);String[] columns=new String[]{Contacts.People.NAME};int[] names=new int[]{R.id.song};////////////////mAdapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter(this, R.layout.song_item, c, columns, names);this.setListAdapter(mAdapter);}@Overrideprotected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {super.onListItemClick(l, v, position, id);Intent i=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL);Cursor c = (Cursor) mAdapter.getItem(position);long phoneID = c.getLong(c.getColumnIndex(Contacts.People.PRIMARY_PHONE_ID));i.setData(ContentUris.withAppendedId(Contacts.Phones.CONTENT_URI, phoneID));this.startActivity(i);}}在Androidmanifest.xml中加入 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>      <activity android:name=".ContactsList"                     android:label="@string/app_name">                <intent-filter>                    <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />                    <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />                </intent-filter>            </activity>