本文執行個體講述了Android編程實現AIDL(跨進程通訊)的方法。分享給大家供大家參考,具體如下:
一. 概述:
跨進程通訊(AIDL),主要實現進程(應用)間資料共用功能。
二. 實現流程:
1. 伺服器端實現:
(1)目錄結構,如下圖:
(2)實現*.aidl檔案:
A. IAIDLService.aidl實現:
package com.focus.aidl;import com.focus.aidl.Person;interface IAIDLService { String getName(); Person getPerson();}
B. Person.aidl實現:
(3)進程間傳遞對象必需實現Parcelable或Serializable介面,下面是被傳遞的Person對象實現:
package com.focus.aidl;import android.os.Parcel;import android.os.Parcelable;public class Person implements Parcelable { private String name; private int age; public Person() { } public Person(Parcel source) { name = source.readString(); age = source.readInt(); } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public int describeContents() { return 0; } public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) { dest.writeString(name); dest.writeInt(age); } public static final Parcelable.Creator<Person> CREATOR = new Creator<Person>() { public Person[] newArray(int size) { return new Person[size]; } public Person createFromParcel(Parcel source) { return new Person(source); } };}
(4)實現IAIDLService.aidl檔案中定義的介面,並定義Service,在Service被bind時返回此實作類別:
package com.focus.aidl;import com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService.Stub;import android.app.Service;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.IBinder;import android.os.RemoteException;public class AIDLServiceImpl extends Service { @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return mBinder; } /** * 在AIDL檔案中定義的介面實現。 */ private IAIDLService.Stub mBinder = new Stub() { public String getName() throws RemoteException { return "mayingcai"; } public Person getPerson() throws RemoteException { Person mPerson = new Person(); mPerson.setName("mayingcai"); mPerson.setAge(24); return mPerson; } };}
(5)在AndroidManifest.xml檔案中註冊Service:
<service android:name = ".AIDLServiceImpl" android:process = ":remote"> <intent-filter> <action android:name = "com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService" /> </intent-filter></service>
2. 用戶端實現:
(1)目錄結構,如下圖:
(2)將伺服器端的IAIDLService.aidl,Person.aidl和Person.Java檔案拷貝到本工程中,如上圖所示:
(3)res/layout/main.xml實現:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation = "vertical" android:layout_width = "fill_parent" android:layout_height = "fill_parent" > <TextView android:id = "@+id/name" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" /> <Button android:id = "@+id/connection" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:text = "串連" /> <Button android:id = "@+id/message" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:enabled = "false" android:text = "資訊" /> <Button android:id = "@+id/person" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:enabled = "false" android:text = "人" /></LinearLayout>
(4)主Activity實現,從伺服器端擷取資料在用戶端顯示:
package com.focus.aidl.client;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.ComponentName;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.ServiceConnection;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.IBinder;import android.os.RemoteException;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.TextView;import com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService;import com.focus.aidl.Person;public class AIDLClientAcitivty extends Activity { private IAIDLService mAIDLService; private TextView mName; private Button mMessage; private Button mPerson; /** * 第一步,建立ServiceConnection對象,在onServiceConnected()方法中擷取IAIDLService實現。 */ private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() { public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) { mAIDLService = IAIDLService.Stub.asInterface(service); mMessage.setEnabled(true); mPerson.setEnabled(true); } public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) { mAIDLService = null; mMessage.setEnabled(false); mPerson.setEnabled(false); } }; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); mName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.name); findViewById(R.id.connection).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View view) { /** * 第二步,單擊"串連"按鈕後用mServiceConnection去bind伺服器端建立的Service。 */ Intent service = new Intent("com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService"); bindService(service, mServiceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE); } }); mMessage = (Button) findViewById(R.id.message); mMessage.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View view) { /** * 第三步,從伺服器端擷取字串。 */ try { mName.setText(mAIDLService.getName()); } catch (RemoteException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); mPerson = (Button) findViewById(R.id.person); mPerson.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View view) { /** * 第四步,從伺服器端擷取Person對象。 */ try { Person mPerson = mAIDLService.getPerson(); mName.setText("姓名:" + mPerson.getName() + ", 年齡:" + mPerson.getAge()); } catch (RemoteException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); }}
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