Android:SQLiteOpenHelper

public abstract class

SQLiteOpenHelper

extends ObjectClass Overview

A helper class to manage database creation and version management. You create a subclass implementing onCreate(SQLiteDatabase), onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase, int, int) and optionally onOpen(SQLiteDatabase), and this class takes care of opening the database if it exists, creating it if it does not, and upgrading it as necessary. Transactions are used to make sure the database is always in a sensible state.

 

helper類主要用於管理資料庫的建立和版本管理。可以實現它的一些函數，如：onCreate()/onUpdate/onOpen()。

 

下面是一些常用的成員函數：

 

public SQLiteOpenHelper (Context context, String name, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory, int version) Since: API Level 1

Create a helper object to create, open, and/or manage a database. The database is not actually created or opened until one of getWritableDatabase() or getReadableDatabase() is called.

Parameters

context	to use to open or create the database
name	of the database file, or null for an in-memory database
factory	to use for creating cursor objects, or null for the default
version	number of the database (starting at 1); if the database is older, onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase, int, int) will be used to upgrade the database

 

 

public synchronized SQLiteDatabase getReadableDatabase () Since: API Level 1

Create and/or open a database. This will be the same object returned by getWritableDatabase() unless some problem, such as a full disk, requires the database to be opened read-only. In that case, a read-only database object will be returned. If the problem is fixed, a future call to getWritableDatabase() may succeed, in which case the read-only database object will be closed and the read/write object will be returned in the future.

Returns

• a database object valid until getWritableDatabase() or close() is called.

Throws

SQLiteException	if the database cannot be opened

 

 

public synchronized SQLiteDatabase getWritableDatabase () Since: API Level 1

Create and/or open a database that will be used for reading and writing. Once opened successfully, the database is cached, so you can call this method every time you need to write to the database. Make sure to call close() when you no longer need it.

Errors such as bad permissions or a full disk may cause this operation to fail, but future attempts may succeed if the problem is fixed.

 

Returns

• a read/write database object valid until close() is called

Throws

SQLiteException	if the database cannot be opened for writing

 

 

public abstract void onCreate (SQLiteDatabase db) Since: API Level 1

Called when the database is created for the first time. This is where the creation of tables and the initial population of the tables should happen.

Parameters

db	The database.

 

這個函數在第一次建立資料庫時被調用。

 

public abstract void onUpgrade (SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) Since: API Level 1

Called when the database needs to be upgraded. The implementation should use this method to drop tables, add tables, or do anything else it needs to upgrade to the new schema version.

The SQLite ALTER TABLE documentation can be found here. If you add new columns you can use ALTER TABLE to insert them into a live table. If you rename or remove columns you can use ALTER TABLE to rename the old table, then create the new table and then populate the new table with the contents of the old table.

Parameters

db	The database.
oldVersion	The old database version.
newVersion	The new database version.

實際編程經驗：可以定義一個繼承於SQliteOpenHelper的helper子類，在這個子類中完成資料庫的建立，更新，以及修改、查詢等操作。