[Android學習筆記[使用Fragments取代tabActivity開發網易新聞用戶端架構

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前記:手頭一直有一個網易新聞用戶端的架構(只是一個空架子),基本在上面進行修改,就可以作出自己的東西。裡面的主架構是使用TabActivity和TabHost。

近日開啟項目發現,TabActivity已然被Google取消了,雖然可以繼續用,但是Google取消它自有取消它的理由。去Doc中一看,TabActivity建議用Fragment代替。於是開始研究這個Fragment使用,一看才知道,這個Fragment是個好東西。具體怎麼用可以參照這個文章:http://www.eoeandroid.com/thread-71642-1-1.html  講的很好,所以我就不怎麼重複了。這裡著重講一下使用Fragments取代tabActivity開發網易新聞用戶端架構。這是:

原版的原始碼下載:http://download.csdn.net/detail/w553000664/4491229 (注意這個是使用TabHost+TabActivity實現的,不推薦,但是可以作為一個學習的案例)

下面主要講解如何使用Fragment來實現上述架構

1.分析一下底部使用TabHost來實現沒有問題,在原來的項目中,TabHost來管理5個Activity,在這5個Activity中進行切換,來顯示不同的功能。所以上面的介面是由每個Activity來提供的。現在改用Fragment後,TabHost切換的不再是Activity,而是Fragment中的內容。所以可以這樣布局主Activity:

activity_main.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    style="@style/layout_full"    android:orientation="vertical" >    <TabHost        android:id="@+id/tabhost"        style="@style/layout_full" >        <LinearLayout            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="match_parent"            android:orientation="vertical" >            <FrameLayout                android:id="@android:id/tabcontent"                android:layout_width="fill_parent"                android:layout_height="0.0dip"                android:layout_weight="1.0" >                <LinearLayout                    android:id="@+id/linearlayout"                    style="@style/layout_full"                    android:orientation="vertical" >                    <fragment                        android:id="@+id/content_fragment_top"                        android:name="fragment_content.TopBarFragment"                        style="@style/layout_vertical"                        android:layout_weight="1" />                    <fragment                        android:id="@+id/content_fragment"                        android:name="fragment_content.Contentfragment"                        style="@style/layout_vertical"                        android:layout_weight="8" />                </LinearLayout>            </FrameLayout>            <TabWidget                android:id="@android:id/tabs"                android:layout_width="fill_parent"                android:layout_height="wrap_content"                android:visibility="gone" />            <FrameLayout                android:id="@android:id/tabcontent"                style="@style/layout_vertical"                android:layout_height="wrap_content" >                <RelativeLayout                    android:id="@+id/layout_bottom"                    android:layout_width="fill_parent"                    android:layout_height="wrap_content" >                    <RadioGroup                        android:id="@+id/radiogroup"                        android:layout_width="fill_parent"                        android:layout_height="wrap_content"                        android:layout_gravity="bottom"                        android:background="@drawable/bottombg"                        android:gravity="center_vertical"                        android:orientation="horizontal" >                        <RadioButton                            android:id="@+id/radio_news"                            android:layout_width="wrap_content"                            android:background="@drawable/tab_selector_news"                            android:button="@null"                            android:checked="true" />                        <RadioButton                            android:id="@+id/radio_topic"                            android:layout_width="wrap_content"                            android:background="@drawable/tab_selector_topic"                            android:button="@null" />                        <RadioButton                            android:id="@+id/radio_pic"                            android:layout_width="wrap_content"                            android:background="@drawable/tab_selector_pic"                            android:button="@null" />                        <RadioButton                            android:id="@+id/radio_follow"                            android:layout_width="wrap_content"                            android:background="@drawable/tab_selector_follow"                            android:button="@null" />                        <RadioButton                            android:id="@+id/radio_vote"                            android:layout_width="wrap_content"                            android:background="@drawable/tab_selector_vote"                            android:button="@null" />                    </RadioGroup>                </RelativeLayout>            </FrameLayout>        </LinearLayout>    </TabHost></LinearLayout>

可以看到布局中使用了兩個Fragment,上面一個Fragment來顯示標題,下面的Fragment來顯示內容:

下面是兩個Fragment的布局:很簡單:

fragment_content.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:id="@+id/layout_content"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="40dip"    android:background="#990000" >    <ImageView        android:id="@+id/img_netease_top"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_centerVertical="true"        android:layout_marginLeft="10dip"        android:src="@drawable/netease_top" />    <TextView        android:id="@+id/fragment_context_context"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_centerVertical="true"        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/img_netease_top"        android:text="@string/picture_top_left_text"        android:textColor="@android:color/white"        android:textSize="20sp" /></RelativeLayout>

fragment_topbar.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:id="@+id/layout_top"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="40dip"    android:background="#999999" >    <ImageView        android:id="@+id/img_netease_top"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_centerVertical="true"        android:layout_marginLeft="10dip"        android:src="@drawable/netease_top" />    <TextView        android:id="@+id/fragment_topbar_topic"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_centerVertical="true"        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/img_netease_top"        android:text="@string/picture_top_left_text"        android:textColor="@android:color/white"        android:textSize="20sp" /></RelativeLayout>

下面來看主Activity:

MainActivity.java

package com.gracker.tabfragment;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.Menu;import android.widget.ImageView;import android.widget.RadioGroup;import android.widget.RadioGroup.OnCheckedChangeListener;import android.widget.RelativeLayout;import android.widget.TabHost;import com.and.netease.utils.MoveBg;import fragment_content.Contentfragment;import fragment_content.TopBarFragment;public class MainActivity extends Activity {RadioGroup radioGroup;ImageView img;TabHost tabHost;int startLeft;RelativeLayout bottom_layout;@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);tabHost = (TabHost) findViewById(R.id.tabhost);bottom_layout = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.layout_bottom);radioGroup = (RadioGroup) findViewById(R.id.radiogroup);radioGroup.setOnCheckedChangeListener(checkedChangeListener);img = new ImageView(this);img.setImageResource(R.drawable.tab_front_bg);bottom_layout.addView(img);}@Overridepublic boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu);return true;}// 當Tab發生變化時,改變tab的標籤的顯示圖片private OnCheckedChangeListener checkedChangeListener = new OnCheckedChangeListener() {@Overridepublic void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup group, int checkedId) {Contentfragment fragment = (Contentfragment) getFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.content_fragment);TopBarFragment fragmentTopic = (TopBarFragment) getFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.content_fragment_top);switch (checkedId) {case R.id.radio_news:fragment.changeContent(0);fragmentTopic.changeContent(0);tabHost.setCurrentTabByTag("news");MoveBg.moveFrontBg(img, startLeft, 0, 0, 0);startLeft = 0;break;case R.id.radio_topic:fragment.changeContent(1);fragmentTopic.changeContent(1);tabHost.setCurrentTabByTag("topic");MoveBg.moveFrontBg(img, startLeft, img.getWidth(), 0, 0);startLeft = img.getWidth();break;case R.id.radio_pic:fragment.changeContent(2);fragmentTopic.changeContent(2);tabHost.setCurrentTabByTag("picture");MoveBg.moveFrontBg(img, startLeft, img.getWidth() * 2, 0, 0);startLeft = img.getWidth() * 2;break;case R.id.radio_follow:fragment.changeContent(3);fragmentTopic.changeContent(3);tabHost.setCurrentTabByTag("follow");MoveBg.moveFrontBg(img, startLeft, img.getWidth() * 3, 0, 0);startLeft = img.getWidth() * 3;break;case R.id.radio_vote:fragment.changeContent(4);fragmentTopic.changeContent(4);tabHost.setCurrentTabByTag("vote");MoveBg.moveFrontBg(img, startLeft, img.getWidth() * 4, 0, 0);startLeft = img.getWidth() * 4;break;default:break;}}};}

核心就在check監聽器中,這裡擷取兩個Fragment的執行個體,並修改其中的內容。

下面是兩個Fragment的代碼:

Contentfragment.java

package fragment_content;import android.app.Fragment;import android.os.Bundle;import android.util.Log;import android.view.LayoutInflater;import android.view.View;import android.view.ViewGroup;import android.widget.TextView;import com.gracker.tabfragment.R;public class Contentfragment extends Fragment {TextView mTextView; // 顯示的內容@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubLog.v("Contentfragment", "Contentfragment_onCreate");super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);}@Overridepublic void onDestroy() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubsuper.onDestroy();}@Overridepublic View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,Bundle savedInstanceState) {Log.v("Contentfragment", "Contentfragment_onCreateView");// super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);// Inflate the layout for this fragment// TextView testText = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.item_detail);return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_content, container, false);}public void changeContent(int index) {mTextView = (TextView) getActivity().findViewById(R.id.fragment_context_context);switch (index) {case 0:mTextView.setText("1");break;case 1:mTextView.setText("2");break;case 2:mTextView.setText("3");break;case 3:mTextView.setText("4");break;case 4:mTextView.setText("5");break;default:break;}}}

TopBarFragment.java:

package fragment_content;import com.gracker.tabfragment.R;import android.os.Bundle;import android.app.Fragment;import android.util.Log;import android.view.LayoutInflater;import android.view.View;import android.view.ViewGroup;import android.widget.TextView;public class TopBarFragment extends Fragment {TextView mTextView;@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubLog.v("Contentfragment", "Contentfragment_onCreate");super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);}@Overridepublic void onDestroy() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubsuper.onDestroy();}@Overridepublic View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,Bundle savedInstanceState) {Log.v("Contentfragment", "Contentfragment_onCreateView");//super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);// Inflate the layout for this fragment//TextView testText = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.item_detail);return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_topbar, container, false);}public void changeContent(int index) {mTextView = (TextView) getActivity().findViewById(R.id.fragment_topbar_topic);switch (index) {case 0:mTextView.setText("1");break;case 1:mTextView.setText("2");break;case 2:mTextView.setText("3");break;case 3:mTextView.setText("4");break;case 4:mTextView.setText("5");break;default:break;}}}

核心代碼就這麼多,其實裡面還有很多小細節,比如Tabhost切換是,背景的滑動,selector的使用等。

這個例子只是講解初級的Fragment的使用,Fragment的另一個好處就是螢幕適配,可以讓程式在平板和手機上顯示不同的效果,仔細研究一下也是很有好處的

下面是 這個修改過的源碼:http://download.csdn.net/detail/w553000664/4491272

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