Apache+varnish（高效能開源HTTP加速器）搭建負載平衡叢集

標籤：虛擬機器主機   伺服器   加速器   虛擬機器   均衡器   apache+varnish   

實驗環境：RHEL6.5

                實驗環境4台

                真機進行訪問測試     willis.example.com         172.25.254.6

                虛擬機器1（緩衝端）   varnish.example.com       172.25.254.8

                虛擬機器2（伺服器端1） web1.example.com     172.25.254.10

                虛擬機器3（伺服器端2） web2.example.com     172.25.254.20

                兩台伺服器主要用於負載平衡實驗。

實驗內容：1.伺服器端安裝Apache

                 2.代理端(緩衝端)安裝配置varnish

                 3.緩衝無法同步問題

                 4.虛擬機器主機

                 5.網頁重寫

                 6.負載平衡器

安裝包：varnish-3.0.5-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

             varnish-libs-3.0.5-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

1.伺服器端安裝Apache

    1.1 伺服器端1

[[email protected] ~]# yum install httpd -y 

[[email protected] ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html

                         web1‘s page    

[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd start

   1.2伺服器端2

[[email protected] ~]# yum install httpd -y 

[[email protected] ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html

                         web2‘s page    

[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd start

2.代理端(緩衝端)安裝配置varnish

[[email protected] mnt]# ls

        varnish-3.0.5-1.el6.x86_64.rpm  varnish-libs-3.0.5-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

[[email protected] mnt]# yum install * -y

[[email protected] mnt]# vim /etc/sysconfig/varnis

       VARNISH_LISTEN_PORT=80##設定varnish的連接埠為80

[[email protected] mnt]# vim /etc/varnish/default.vcl 

        backend web1 {

         .host = "172.25.254.10";      ##指定apache所在主機ip(本次實驗伺服器1/2端都可以)

          .port = "80";                ##apache連接埠

        }

[[email protected] mnt]# /etc/init.d/varnish start

        Starting Varnish Cache:                                    [  OK  ]

[[email protected] mnt]# vim /etc/varnish/default.vcl  ##設定快取命中資訊

sub vcl_deliver{

    if(obj.hits>0){

        set resp.http.X-Cache="HIT from willis cache"; ##快取命中

        }

     else{

        set resp.http.X-Cache="MISS from willis cache"; ##緩衝未命中

        }

    return(deliver);

    }

[[email protected] mnt]# service varnish reload

Loading vcl from /etc/varnish/default.vcl

Current running config name is boot

Using new config name reload_2016-09-15T05:19:54

VCL compiled.

available       0 boot

active          0 reload_2016-09-15T05:19:54

Done

3.緩衝無法同步問題

    3.1 緩衝端，訪問緩衝不到期頁面無法重新整理

[[email protected] ~]# curl http://172.25.254.8     

web1‘s page

[[email protected] ~]# curl -I http://172.25.254.8

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Server: Apache/2.2.15 (Red Hat)

Last-Modified: Wed, 14 Sep 2016 21:02:59 GMT

ETag: "1fcb4-c-53c7e0dd4191f"

Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

Content-Length: 12

Accept-Ranges: bytes

Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2016 21:43:54 GMT

X-Varnish: 1470288177 1470288175

Age: 95

Via: 1.1 varnish

Connection: keep-alive

X-Cache: HIT from willis cache

[[email protected] ~]# curl -I http://172.25.254.8

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Server: Apache/2.2.15 (Red Hat)

Last-Modified: Wed, 14 Sep 2016 21:02:59 GMT

ETag: "1fcb4-c-53c7e0dd4191f"

Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

Content-Length: 12

Accept-Ranges: bytes

Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2016 21:43:59 GMT

X-Varnish: 1470288178 1470288175

Age: 100

Via: 1.1 varnish

Connection: keep-alive

X-Cache: HIT from willis cache

 3.2 通過 varnishadm 手動清除緩衝

# varnishadm ban.url .*$  #清除所有

# varnishadm ban.url /index.html #清除 index.html 頁面緩衝

# varnishadm ban.url /admin/$#清除 admin 目錄緩衝

[[email protected] mnt]# curl -I  http://172.25.254.8

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Server: Apache/2.2.15 (Red Hat)

Last-Modified: Wed, 14 Sep 2016 21:02:59 GMT

ETag: "1fcb4-c-53c7e0dd4191f"

Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

Content-Length: 12

Accept-Ranges: bytes

Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2016 21:52:42 GMT

X-Varnish: 1470288192 1470288185

Age: 51

Via: 1.1 varnish

Connection: keep-alive

X-Cache: HIT from willis cache

[[email protected] mnt]# varnishadm ban.url /index.html

[[email protected] mnt]# curl -I  http://172.25.254.8

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Server: Apache/2.2.15 (Red Hat)

Last-Modified: Wed, 14 Sep 2016 21:02:59 GMT

ETag: "1fcb4-c-53c7e0dd4191f"

Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

Content-Length: 12

Accept-Ranges: bytes

Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2016 21:53:24 GMT

X-Varnish: 1470288193 1470288185

Age: 93

Via: 1.1 varnish

Connection: keep-alive

X-Cache: HIT from willis cache

4.虛擬機器主機

    4.1服務端1設定

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin /www/willis.com/html

    DocumentRoot www.willis.com

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin /www/linux.com/html

    DocumentRoot www.linux.com

</VirtualHost>

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /www/willis.com/html

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /www/linux.com/html

[[email protected] ~]# echo "web1 willis‘s page ">/www/willis.com/html/index.html

[[email protected] ~]# echo "web1 linux‘s page ">/www/linux.com/html/index.html

[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart

    4.2 服務端2設定

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin /www/willis.com/html

    DocumentRoot www.willis.com

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin /www/linux.com/html

    DocumentRoot www.linux.com

</VirtualHost>

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /www/willis.com/html

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /www/linux.com/html

[[email protected] ~]# echo "web2 willis‘s page ">/www/willis.com/html/index.html

[[email protected] ~]# echo "web2 linux‘s page ">/www/linux.com/html/index.html

[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart

    4.3訪問端測試

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/hosts

172.25.254.8      www.willis.com

172.25.254.8     www.linux.com

  ###注意，前面指定 .host = "172.25.254.10"，所以訪問結果為伺服器1端的網頁內容  

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5.網頁重寫

[[email protected] mnt]# vim /etc/varnish/default.vcl 

backend web1 {

  .host = "172.25.254.10";

  .port = "80";

}

backend web2 {

   .host="172.25.254.20";

   .port="80";

}

sub vcl_recv {##網頁緩衝       

   if (req.http.host ~ "^(www.)?willis.com" ) {      ##訪問中是否帶www

        set req.http.host = "www.willis.com";        ##都定向到www上

        set req.backend = web1;                  ##訪問web1

        }

        elsif (req.http.host ~ "^(www.)?linux.com" ) {

        set req.http.host = "www.linux.com";

        set req.backend = web1;

        }

        else {error 404 "westos cache";

        }

}

[[email protected] mnt]# /etc/init.d/varnish restart

    訪問端測試

   訪問 willis.com自動跳轉成www.willis.com

   訪問 linux.com自動跳轉成www.linux.com

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6.負載平衡器

已經提前配好好兩台伺服器，本實驗只需配置緩衝端

[[email protected] mnt]# vim /etc/varnish/default.vcl 

backend web1 {

  .host = "172.25.254.10";

  .port = "80";

}

backend web2 {

   .host="172.25.254.20";

   .port="80";

}

director willislb round-robin {

        { .backend = web1; }

        { .backend = web2; }

}

sub vcl_recv {

        if (req.http.host ~ "^(www.)?westos.com" ) {

        set req.http.host = "www.westos.com";

        set req.backend = willislb;                 ##修改

       return (pass);                                ##方便測試，不緩衝

        }

        elsif (req.http.host ~ "^(www.)?linux.com" ) {

        set req.http.host = "www.linux.com";

        set req.backend = willislb;                 ##修改

      return (pass);                                 ##方便測試，不緩衝

        }

        else {error 404 "westos cache";

        }

}

訪問端測試：

linux.com或者willis.com  網頁重寫，重新整理可看到內容的變化

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重新整理：

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重新整理：

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本文出自 “技術人生，簡單不簡單” 部落格，請務必保留此出處http://willis.blog.51cto.com/11907152/1852967

Apache+varnish（高效能開源HTTP加速器）搭建負載平衡叢集