最近做項目中遇到很多問題，比如帶進度條的檔案上傳，看了網上很多資料還沒找到真正意義上的ASP.NET實現進度條上傳（可能是我沒找到），下面我來跟大家分享一下我實現的這個程式。
首先看下介面效果，當然你可以完全修改介面為你自己所用。
先解釋一下這個程式，該程式採用了jquery架構，實現了小檔案上傳，不超過80Mb，可以在web.config檔案中進行相應的配置，但是有個最大值，具體需要查看msdn。開發環境採用visual studio 2013 .net framework 4.5，啟動並執行時候大家注意一下是否滿足要求，好了，下面直入正題。
先來看看實現原理。基本原理：一個頁面進行檔案上傳，另外一個頁面去監聽這個檔案上傳了多少。
這裡面有兩個地方需要解釋一下：第一個，如何知道監聽的這個檔案就是上傳的這個檔案？實現機制很簡單，就是讓asp.net產生一個唯一的guid，這個id序號是唯一的，通過ajax取出來賦值給一個隱藏欄位；第二個，如何擷取guid標誌的檔案資訊？通過asp.net緩衝機制實現，上傳的過程中，不斷的將上傳資訊往緩衝裡面寫，直到檔案上傳完成，而在另外一個通過guid擷取緩衝的資訊，資訊包括你想要的資訊，比如上傳了多少位元組、消耗了多長時間等。好了，要點就解釋到這裡，有疑問的話給我留言。
下面來說說具體的實現：
檔案目錄結構如下：
index.htm就是檔案上傳頁面，提交form給UploadHandler目錄下的Default.aspx，以實現檔案上傳。
ProgressHandler目錄下三個檔案為Abort.ashx、GenericGuid.ashx,Handler.ashx功能分別為：根據Guid取消正在上傳的檔案，產生Guid，根據Guid擷取上傳資訊。
第一步：建立index.htm頁面，這個上傳頁面，需要注意的就是需要一個隱藏的iframe，並且名字為form提交的目標。
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>ASP.NET Ajax檔案上傳進度條樣本</title> <meta name="author" content="李檢全" /> <link href="Styles/base.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="Scripts/jquery-1.4.2.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="Scripts/jquery-ui-1.8.2.custom.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="Scripts/ljq.lib.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="Scripts/Ajax/GuidGet.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="Scripts/Ajax/ajax-progress-upload.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </head> <body> <div id="upload_demo"> <div class="title">ASP.NET Ajax 檔案上傳進度條樣本</div> <form action="UploadHandler/Default.aspx" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post" target="upload_hidden_iframe"> <input id="guid" name="guid" value="" type="hidden" /> <p>*本程式適合小檔案上傳，不超過80Mb</p> <p>檔案地址</p> <input name="upload_file" type="file" /> <br /> <p>檔案描述</p> <textarea name="description_file"></textarea> <br /> <br /> <input type="submit" value="上傳檔案" /> </form> </div> <div id="back_panel"></div> <div id="upload_panel"> <div id="upload_title">檔案上傳</div> <div id="upload_content"> <ul> <li id="finished_percent">正在準備上傳...</li> <li><div id="upload_bar"><div id="upload_progress"></div></div></li> <li id="upload_speed"></li> <li id="upload_costTime"></li> <li id="upload_fileSize"></li> <li id="upload_fileName"></li> </ul> <div id="upload_detail"></div> <div id="upload_choose"> <span id="upload_cancel">取消</span><span id="upload_submit">確定</span> </div> </div> </div> <iframe name="upload_hidden_iframe" style="display:none;"></iframe> </body> </html>
第二步，建立GenerateGuid.ashx檔案，作用就是產生唯一的Guid。
<%@ WebHandler Language="C#" Class="ProgressHandler.Handler" %> using System; using System.Web; using System.Xml.Linq; namespace ProgressHandler { public class Handler : IHttpHandler { /// <summary> /// 獲得上傳檔案的GUID /// </summary> /// <param name="context">當前請求實體</param> /// <creattime>2015-06-28</creattime> /// <author>FreshMan</author> public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) { context.Response.Charset = "utf-8"; context.Response.ContentType = "application/xml"; var guid = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(); var doc = new XDocument(); var root = new XElement("root"); var xGuid = new XElement("guid", guid); root.Add(xGuid); doc.Add(root); context.Response.Write(doc.ToString()); context.Response.End(); } public bool IsReusable { get { return false; } } } }
第三步，建立Default.aspx檔案，用於提交表單時上傳檔案。
using System; namespace UploadHandler { public partial class UploadHandlerDefault : System.Web.UI.Page { protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { string guid = Request.Params["guid"]; UploadUtil utilHelp = new UploadUtil(this, guid); utilHelp.Upload(); } } }
上傳核心代碼：
using System; using System.Web; using System.IO; using System.Configuration; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.Caching; using System.Threading; public class UploadUtil { private Stream _reader; private FileStream _fStream; private const int Buffersize = 10000; private readonly string _filePath =new Page().Server.MapPath(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["upload_folder"]); private readonly Page _page; private readonly string _guid; public UploadUtil(Page page, string guid) { _page = page; _guid = guid; } public void Upload() { if (_page.Request.Files.Count > 0) { DoUpload(_page.Request.Files[0]); } } private void DoUpload(HttpPostedFile postedFile) { bool abort = false; string uploadFilePath = _filePath + DateTime.Now.ToFileTime()+"//"; if (!Directory.Exists(uploadFilePath)) { Directory.CreateDirectory(uploadFilePath); } string uploadFileName = postedFile.FileName; DownloadingFileInfo info = new DownloadingFileInfo(uploadFileName, postedFile.ContentLength, postedFile.ContentType); object fileObj = HttpContext.Current.Cache[_guid]; if (fileObj != null) { HttpContext.Current.Cache.Remove(_guid); } HttpContext.Current.Cache.Add(_guid, info, null, DateTime.Now.AddDays(1), TimeSpan.Zero, CacheItemPriority.AboveNormal, null); DateTime begin=DateTime.Now.ToLocalTime(); _fStream = new FileStream(uploadFilePath + uploadFileName, FileMode.Create); _reader = postedFile.InputStream; byte []buffer=new byte[Buffersize]; int len = _reader.Read(buffer,0,Buffersize); while (len > 0&&!abort) { _fStream.Write(buffer,0,len); DateTime end = DateTime.Now.ToLocalTime(); info.CostTime = (long)(end - begin).TotalMilliseconds; info.FileFinished += len; //類比延時用，實際應用的時候登出他 Thread.Sleep(1000); HttpContext.Current.Cache[_guid] = info; abort=((DownloadingFileInfo)HttpContext.Current.Cache[_guid]).Abort; len = _reader.Read(buffer,0,Buffersize); } _reader.Close(); _fStream.Close(); if (abort) { if (File.Exists(uploadFilePath + uploadFileName)) { File.Delete(uploadFilePath + uploadFileName); } } } }
第四步，建立Handler.ashx檔案，用於查看檔案上傳情況。
<%@ WebHandler Language="C#" Class="ProgressHandler.Handler" %> using System.Web; using System.Xml.Linq; namespace ProgressHandler { public class Handler : IHttpHandler { /// <summary> /// 獲得上傳檔案的進度 /// </summary> /// <param name="context">當前請求實體</param> /// <creattime>2015-06-28</creattime> /// <author>FreshMan</author> public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) { context.Response.ContentType = "application/xml"; context.Response.Charset = "utf-8"; var guid = context.Request.Form["guid"]; var info = context.Cache[guid] as DownloadingFileInfo; var doc = new XDocument(); var root = new XElement("root"); if (info != null) { var fileName = new XElement("fileName", info.FileName); var fileFinished = new XElement("fileFinished", info.FileFinished); var fileSize = new XElement("fileSize", info.FileSize); var costTime = new XElement("costTime", info.CostTime); var fileState = new XElement("fileState", info.FileState); var speed = new XElement("speed", info.Speed); var percent = new XElement("percent", info.Percent); var abort = new XElement("abort", false); root.Add(fileName); root.Add(fileFinished); root.Add(fileSize); root.Add(costTime); root.Add(fileState); root.Add(speed); root.Add(percent); if (info.Abort) { abort.Value = info.Abort.ToString(); context.Cache.Remove(guid); } if (info.FileState == "finished") { context.Cache.Remove(guid); } } else { var none = new XElement("none", "no file"); root.Add(none); } doc.Add(root); context.Response.Write(doc.ToString()); context.Response.End(); } public bool IsReusable { get { return false; } } } }
第五步，建立Abort.ashx檔案，用於取消上傳。
<%@ WebHandler Language="C#" Class="ProgressHandler.Abort" %> using System.Web; using System.Xml.Linq; namespace ProgressHandler { public class Abort : IHttpHandler { /// <summary> /// 取消上傳處理常式 /// </summary> /// <param name="context">當前請求實體</param> /// <creattime>2015-06-28</creattime> /// <author>FreshMan</author> public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) { context.Response.ContentType = "application/xml"; context.Response.Charset = "utf-8"; var guid = context.Request.Form["guid"]; var abort = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(context.Request.Form["abort"]); var info = context.Cache[guid] as DownloadingFileInfo; if (info != null) { info.Abort = abort; context.Cache[guid] = info; } var doc = new XDocument(); var root = new XElement("root"); var flag = new XElement("flag", info == null ? "false" : "true"); root.Add(flag); doc.Add(root); context.Response.Write(doc.ToString()); context.Response.End(); } public bool IsReusable { get { return false; } } } }
好了，下面就是編寫javascript指令碼了，我引用了jquery這個架構，另外還用了ui架構。
核心代碼是ajax-progress-upload.js檔案，另外還有一個擷取guid的檔案。
$(document).ready(function () { var _guid_url = "ProgressHandler/GenerateGuid.ashx"; var _progress_url = "ProgressHandler/Handler.ashx"; var _abort_url = "ProgressHandler/Abort.ashx"; var _target = "#guid"; var _guid = ""; var _cancel = false; var _timer; LJQ.setGuid(_target, _guid_url); $("#upload_panel").draggable({ handle: "#upload_title" }); $("#upload_choose span").hover(function () { $(this).css({ "color": "#f6af3a", "border": "1px solid #e78f08" }); }, function () { $(this).css({ "color": "#1c94cd", "border": "1px solid #ddd" }); }); $("#upload_cancel").click(function () { $.ajax({ url: _abort_url, data: { guid: _guid, abort: true }, dataType: "xml", type: "post", success: function () { $("#upload_panel").fadeOut('fast'); $("#back_panel").fadeOut(1000); window.clearInterval(_timer); } }); }); $("#upload_submit").click(function () { $("#upload_panel").fadeOut('fast'); $("#back_panel").fadeOut("1000"); }); $("form").submit(function () { _guid = $(_target).val(); if ($("input[name='upload_file']").val() == "") { alert("未指定上傳檔案！"); return false; } $("#upload_progress").css("width", "0%"); $("#finished_percent").html("準備上傳..."); $("#upload_speed").html(""); $("#upload_fileName").html(""); $("#upload_fileSize").html(""); $("#upload_costTime").html(""); var _option = { url: _progress_url, data: { guid: _guid }, dataType: "xml", type: "post", beforeSend: function () { $("#back_panel").fadeTo('fast', '0.5'); $("#upload_panel").fadeIn('1000'); }, success: function (response) { if ($(response).find("root abort").text() == "true") { $("#upload_panel").fadeOut('fast'); $("#back_panel").fadeOut(1000); window.clearInterval(_timer); } else if ($(response).find("root none").text() == "no file") { } else { var _percent = ($(response).find("root percent").text() * 100); var _speed = $(response).find("root speed").text(); var _fileSize = $(response).find("root fileSize").text(); var _upload_costTime = $(response).find("root costTime").text(); if (parseInt(_speed) < 1024) { _speed = LJQ.toFix(_speed) + "Kb"; } else { _speed = LJQ.toFix(_speed / 1024) + "Mb"; } if (parseInt(_fileSize) / 1024 < 1024) { _fileSize = LJQ.toFix(_fileSize / 1024) + "Kb"; } else if (parseInt(_fileSize) / 1024 / 1024 < 1024) { _fileSize = LJQ.toFix(_fileSize / 1024 / 1024) + "Mb"; } else { _fileSize = LJQ.toFix(_fileSize / 1024 / 1024 / 1024) + "Gb"; } if (_upload_costTime < 1000) { _upload_costTime = _upload_costTime + "毫秒"; } else if (_upload_costTime / 1000 < 60) { _upload_costTime = parseInt(_upload_costTime / 1000) + "秒" + _upload_costTime % 1000 + "毫秒"; } else { _upload_costTime = parseInt(_upload_costTime / 1000 / 60) + "分" + parseInt((_upload_costTime % 60000) / 1000) + "秒" + _upload_costTime % 1000 + "毫秒"; } $("#upload_progress").css("width", parseInt(_percent) + "%"); $("#finished_percent").html("完成百分比：" + LJQ.toFix(_percent) + "%"); $("#upload_speed").html("上傳速度：" + _speed + "/sec"); $("#upload_fileName").html("檔案名稱：" + $(response).find("root fileName").text()); $("#upload_fileSize").html("檔案大小：" + _fileSize); $("#upload_costTime").html("上傳耗時：" + _upload_costTime); if (_percent >= 100) { window.clearInterval(_timer); $("#finished_percent").html("<span style='color:green;'>檔案上傳完成</span>"); } if (_cancel) { window.clearInterval(_timer); } } }, error: function () { } }; _timer = window.setInterval(function () { $.ajax(_option); }, 1000); }); });
以上為代碼的主要部分。asp.net單檔案帶進度條上傳，不屬於任務控制項，也不是flash類型的上傳，完全是asp.net、js、css實現上傳。源碼為開發測試版，需要使用的親需要注意修改設定檔。
項目源碼下載請點擊這裡：http://xiazai.jb51.net/201509/yuanma/asp_net_progressbar(jb51.net).rar
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