AIX下Oracle資料庫自動重啟設定

一個關於Oracle資料庫的有趣問題：

中遠公司在沒加磁碟陣列前建了一個oracle執行個體zycw，加磁碟陣列後建立了一個執行個體zync。

為了節省系統資源本打算平時只啟執行個體yznc，需要時才啟動zycw。可每次系統重啟後系統會自動重啟執行個體zycw，rc.d下沒有找到任何自動重啟資料庫的指令碼，ORACL_HOME/network/admin下也沒有listener.ora檔案（系統自啟動時listener服務時是讀取何處的參數檔案還未搞清楚）。

後來才找到系統通過在inittab檔案中加入一行startdb:2345678:wait:/etc/rc.startdb調用/etc/rc.startdb啟動oracle的。下面詳細介紹一下Oracle的這種自啟動方式：

1、 編輯修改 /etc/oratab檔案將要啟動的執行個體後面的字元改成Y。 文本範例：
#
# This file is used by ORACLE utilities. It is created by root.sh
# and updated by the Database Configuration Assistant when creating
# a database.
# A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator. A new line terminates
# the entry. Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
#   $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
#
# The first and second fields are the system identifier and home
# directory of the database respectively. The third filed indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the database should , "Y", or should not,
# "N", be brought up at system boot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
##
*:/home/oracle:N
# *:/u2/oracle/product/9.2.0.2.0:N
zycw:/u2/oracle/product/9.2.0.2.0:N
*:/u2/oracle/product/9.2.0.2.0:N
zync:/u2/oracle/product/9.2.0.2.0:Y
#
2、 配置開機檔案： 在/etc下建立檔案rc.startdb，指令碼如下：（這裡是直接調用oracle系統內建的啟動指令碼，也可自己編寫啟動指令碼）
su - oracle "-c /u2/oracle/product/9.2.0.2.0/bin/dbstart"
3、 下面要把啟動資訊放到/etc/inittab中，加入一行 startdb:2345678:wait:/etc/rc.startdb ，文本範例：
: @(#)49 1.28.2.9 src/bos/etc/inittab/inittab, cmdoper, bos520 8/23/00 19:50:13
: IBM_PROLOG_BEGIN_TAG
: This is an automatically generated prolog.
:
: bos520 src/bos/etc/inittab/inittab 1.28.2.9
:
: Licensed Materials - Property of IBM
:
: (C) COPYRIGHT International Business Machines Corp. 1989,1993
: All Rights Reserved
:
: US Government Users Restricted Rights - Use, duplication or
: disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.
:
: IBM_PROLOG_END_TAG
:
: COMPONENT_NAME: CMDOPER
:
: ORIGINS: 3, 27
:
: (C) COPYRIGHT International Business Machines Corp. 1989, 1993
: All Rights Reserved
: Licensed Materials - Property of IBM
:
: US Government Users Restricted Rights - Use, duplication or
: disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.
:
: Note - initdefault and sysinit should be the first and second entry.
:
init:2:initdefault:
brc::sysinit:/sbin/rc.boot 3 >/dev/console 2>&1 # Phase 3 of system boot
powerfail::powerfail:/etc/rc.powerfail 2>&1 | alog -tboot > /dev/console # Power Failure Detection
mkatmpvc:2:once:/usr/sbin/mkatmpvc >/dev/console 2>&1
atmsvcd:2:once:/usr/sbin/atmsvcd >/dev/console 2>&1
load64bit:2:wait:/etc/methods/cfg64 >/dev/console 2>&1 # Enable 64-bit execs
tunables:23456789:wait:/usr/sbin/tunrestore -R > /dev/console 2>&1 # Set tunables
rc:23456789:wait:/etc/rc 2>&1 | alog -tboot > /dev/console # Multi-User checks
fbcheck:23456789:wait:/usr/sbin/fbcheck 2>&1 | alog -tboot > /dev/console # run /etc/firstboot
srcmstr:23456789:respawn:/usr/sbin/srcmstr # System Resource Controller
rctcpip:23456789:wait:/etc/rc.tcpip > /dev/console 2>&1 # Start TCP/IP daemons
sniinst:2:wait:/var/adm/sni/sniprei > /dev/console 2>&1
rcnfs:23456789:wait:/etc/rc.nfs > /dev/console 2>&1 # Start NFS Daemons
cron:23456789:respawn:/usr/sbin/cron
piobe:2:wait:/usr/lib/lpd/pio/etc/pioinit >/dev/null 2>&1 # pb cleanup
qdaemon:23456789:wait:/usr/bin/startsrc -sqdaemon
writesrv:23456789:wait:/usr/bin/startsrc -swritesrv
uprintfd:23456789:respawn:/usr/sbin/uprintfd
shdaemon:2:off:/usr/sbin/shdaemon >/dev/console 2>&1 # High availability daemon
l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 2
l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 3
l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 4
l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 5
l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 6
l7:7:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 7
l8:8:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 8
l9:9:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 9
naudio::boot:/usr/sbin/naudio > /dev/null
logsymp:2:once:/usr/lib/ras/logsymptom # for system dumps
diagd:2:once:/usr/lpp/diagnostics/bin/diagd >/dev/console 2>&1
ctrmc:2:once:/usr/bin/startsrc -s ctrmc > /dev/console 2>&1
dt:2:wait:/etc/rc.dt
cons:0123456789:respawn:/usr/sbin/getty /dev/console
ha_star:h2:once:/etc/rc.ha_star >/dev/console 2>&1
ntbl_reset:2:once:/usr/bin/ntbl_reset_datafiles
rcml:2:once:/usr/sni/aix52/rc.ml > /dev/console 2>&1
tty0:2:off:/usr/sbin/getty /dev/tty0
tty1:2:off:/usr/sbin/getty /dev/tty1
tty2:2:off:/usr/sbin/getty /dev/tty2
startdb:2345678:wait:/etc/rc.startdb

AIX下oracle資料庫重啟設定的資料文檔：
Automating Database Startup for AIX (Optional)

Oracle Corporation recommends that you configure your system to automatically
start Oracle databases when your system starts up, and to shut down Oracle
databases when your system shuts down. Automatic database startup and
shutdown protects against improper shutdown of the database.
Automating Database Startup
Perform the following tasks to set up the dbstart and dbshut scripts so that they
are called at system startup. This process must be completed for every new
database that you want to configure for automated startup:
1. Edit the /etc/oratab file.
Configuration Tasks to Perform as the root User
Database entries in the oratab file appears in the following format:
ORACLE_SID:ORACLE_HOME:{Y|N}
In the preceding command, Y or N specifies whether you want the dbstart
and dbshut scripts to start up and shut down the database.
For Oracle Real Application Clusters installation, this entry appears in the
following format:
DB_NAME:ORACLE_HOME:{Y|N}
In the preceding command, DB_NAME is the cluster database name. Y or N
specifies whether you want the dbstart and dbshut scripts to start up and
shut down the database.
2. For each database that you want to start up, find the ORACLE_SID entry
identified by the sid in the first field. Change the last field for each to Y.
3. Add the dbstart script to the /etc/inittab file:
# mkitab "oradb:2:wait:/bin/su oradb -c|/$ORACLE_HOMES/bin/dbstart"
In the preceding command, oradb is the identifier of the oracle user for
which you want to start the database.