CentOS 安裝後基本配置

1．網路設定

（1）命令配置

# ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0　　 //ip地址、子網路遮罩

# route add default gw 192.168.0.1 dev eth0　　 //網關

# hostname centos　　 //電腦名稱

（2）檔案配置

<1>修改IP地址

修改對應網卡的IP地址的設定檔

# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DEVICE=eth0　(描述網卡對應的裝置別名，例如 ifcfg-eth0的檔案中它為 eth0)

BOOTPROTO=static　(設定網卡獲得 ip地址的方式，可能的選項為static，dhcp或 bootp，分別對 應靜態指定的 ip地址，通過 dhcp協議獲得的 ip地址，通過 bootp協議獲得的 ip地址)

BROADCAST=192.168.0.255　(對應的子網廣播位址)

HWADDR=00:07:E9:05:E8:B4　 (對應的網卡物理地址)

IPADDR=12.168.1.2　(如果設定網卡獲得 ip地址的方式為靜態指定，此欄位就指定了網卡對應的 ip 地址)

IPV6INIT=no　 (開啟或關閉 IPv6；關閉 no，開啟 yes)

IPV6_AUTOCONF=no　 (開啟或關閉 IPv6自動設定；關閉 no，開啟 yes)

NETMASK=255.255.255.0　(網卡對應的網路遮罩)

NETWORK=192.168.1.0　(網卡對應的網路地址)

ONBOOT=yes　(系統啟動時是否設定此網路介面，設定為 yes時，系統啟動時啟用此裝置)

<2>修改網關

修改對應網卡的網關的設定檔

# vi /etc/sysconfig/network

NETWORKING=yes　(表示系統是否使用網路，一般設定為 yes。如果設為no，則不能使用網路， 而且很多系統服務程式將無法啟動 )

HOSTNAME=centos　(設定原生主機名稱，這裡設定的主機名稱要和 /etc/hosts中設定的主機名稱對應 )

GATEWAY=192.168.1.1　(設定本機串連的網關的 IP地址。例如，網關為 10.0.0.2)

<3>修改DNS

修改對應網卡的DNS的設定檔

# vi /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 202.101.224.68　(網域名稱伺服器 )

nameserver 202.101.224.69　(網域名稱伺服器 )

<4>重新啟動網路設定

# service network restart

或

# /etc/init.d/network restart

2．軟體源配置

國內速度較快的常用更新源如下：

http://mirrors.163.com/centos/ 163-網易

http://mirrors.ta139.com/centos/中國移動通訊（山東移動）

http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/中國科學技術大學

http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/centos/東北大學

編輯 yum設定檔：

#vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
http://mirrors.ta139.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
http://mirrors.ta139.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/
http://mirrors.ta139.com/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/
http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/
http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
http://mirrors.ta139.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
http://mirrors.ta139.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
http://mirrors.ta139.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

然後使用如下命令更新到最新系統：

#rpm –import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg-key*

#yum upgrade

3．安裝語言套件

從安裝盤進行安裝，找到對應 rpm包：

fonts-chinese-3.02-9.6.el5.noarch.rpm

fonts-ISO8859-2-75dpi-1.0-17.1.noarch.rpm

可以通過 yum進行安裝，安裝辦法為：

#yum groupinstall <language>-support

在上面的命令中， <language>是下列之一 : assamese, bengali, chinese, gujarati, hindi, japanese, kannada, korean, malayalam, marathi, oriya, punjabi, sinhala, tamil, thai,或 telegu。

4、解壓縮軟體

#yum install unrar unzip p7zip-full

5、中文IME

#yum install Fcitx SCIM Sunpinyin