標籤:des style http 使用 os io strong 檔案
有三台機器,作業系統都是CentOS 6.3 64位:其中172.16.9.100,安裝Nginx伺服器;另外的兩台172.16.9.101和172.16.9.102安裝unicorn,作為RoR的應用伺服器。在這裡先保證ruby及rails已經在101和102兩台機器上配置好,這是前提。如何安裝Nginx及RoR的環境就不在這裡說了,很多文章都介紹得很詳細。
這裡假設項目在/var/www/demo_project檔案夾中
在101上使用
gem install unicorn 命令安裝unicorn。
建立內容為以下的一個檔案,需要進行修改的地方請看檔案中的中文注釋,檔案放置到/var/www/demo_project_unicorn.rb,這個檔案是對這個項目的生產環境配置
# Sample verbose configuration file for Unicorn (not Rack)## This configuration file documents many features of Unicorn# that may not be needed for some applications. See# http://unicorn.bogomips.org/examples/unicorn.conf.minimal.rb# for a much simpler configuration file.## See http://unicorn.bogomips.org/Unicorn/Configurator.html for complete# documentation.# Use at least one worker per core if you‘re on a dedicated server,# more will usually help for _short_ waits on databases/caches.worker_processes 4# Since Unicorn is never exposed to outside clients, it does not need to# run on the standard HTTP port (80), there is no reason to start Unicorn# as root unless it‘s from system init scripts.# If running the master process as root and the workers as an unprivileged# user, do this to switch euid/egid in the workers (also chowns logs):# user "unprivileged_user", "unprivileged_group"# Help ensure your application will always spawn in the symlinked# "current" directory that Capistrano sets up.working_directory "/var/www/demo_project" # available in 0.94.0+ 在這裡修改為項目所在目錄# listen on both a Unix domain socket and a TCP port,# we use a shorter backlog for quicker failover when busylisten "/var/tmp/.unicorn.sock", :backlog => 64listen 19527, :tcp_nopush => true #連接埠號碼,NginX需要用到此連接埠號碼# nuke workers after 30 seconds instead of 60 seconds (the default)timeout 120# feel free to point this anywhere accessible on the filesystempid "/usr/tmp/demo_project/pids/unicorn.pid" #pid檔案的位置,可以自己設定,注意許可權# By default, the Unicorn logger will write to stderr.# Additionally, ome applications/frameworks log to stderr or stdout,# so prevent them from going to /dev/null when daemonized here:stderr_path "/usr/tmp/demo_project/log/unicorn.stderr.log" #錯誤記錄檔的位置,自己設定,注意許可權stdout_path "/usr/tmp/demo_project/log/unicorn.stdout.log" #輸出日誌的位置,自己設定,注意許可權# combine Ruby 2.0.0dev or REE with "preload_app true" for memory savings# http://rubyenterpriseedition.com/faq.html#adapt_apps_for_cowpreload_app trueGC.respond_to?(:copy_on_write_friendly=) and GC.copy_on_write_friendly = true# Enable this flag to have unicorn test client connections by writing the# beginning of the HTTP headers before calling the application. This# prevents calling the application for connections that have disconnected# while queued. This is only guaranteed to detect clients on the same# host unicorn runs on, and unlikely to detect disconnects even on a# fast LAN.check_client_connection falsebefore_fork do |server, worker| # the following is highly recomended for Rails + "preload_app true" # as there‘s no need for the master process to hold a connection defined?(ActiveRecord::Base) and ActiveRecord::Base.connection.disconnect! # The following is only recommended for memory/DB-constrained # installations. It is not needed if your system can house # twice as many worker_processes as you have configured. # # # This allows a new master process to incrementally # # phase out the old master process with SIGTTOU to avoid a # # thundering herd (especially in the "preload_app false" case) # # when doing a transparent upgrade. The last worker spawned # # will then kill off the old master process with a SIGQUIT. # old_pid = "#{server.config[:pid]}.oldbin" # if old_pid != server.pid # begin # sig = (worker.nr + 1) >= server.worker_processes ? :QUIT : :TTOU # Process.kill(sig, File.read(old_pid).to_i) # rescue Errno::ENOENT, Errno::ESRCH # end # end # # Throttle the master from forking too quickly by sleeping. Due # to the implementation of standard Unix signal handlers, this # helps (but does not completely) prevent identical, repeated signals # from being lost when the receiving process is busy. # sleep 1endafter_fork do |server, worker| # per-process listener ports for debugging/admin/migrations # addr = "127.0.0.1:#{9293 + worker.nr}" # server.listen(addr, :tries => -1, :delay => 5, :tcp_nopush => true) # the following is *required* for Rails + "preload_app true", defined?(ActiveRecord::Base) and ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection # if preload_app is true, then you may also want to check and # restart any other shared sockets/descriptors such as Memcached, # and Redis. TokyoCabinet file handles are safe to reuse # between any number of forked children (assuming your kernel # correctly implements pread()/pwrite() system calls)end
然後建立一個shell檔案,內容如下,這個檔案命名為/var/www/unicorn.sh
UNICORN=/usr/local/ruby/bin/unicorn_rails killall -9 unicorn_rails$UNICORN -c /var/www/demo_project_unicorn.rb -D -E production
其中第一行,指明unicorn的安裝位置,unicorn安裝成功後,是和ruby,rails等可執行檔是在同一個檔案夾中的。第二行,關閉unicorn_rails的進程。第三行,根據-c參數後的配置,在生產環境中啟動項目。執行這個檔案就能啟動unicorn伺服器。
另外的一台主機102的配置,也與101相同。unicorn的配置也就完成了。下面開始NginX的配置
在/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf中添加如下的配置資訊,具體意思見中文注釋
upstream demo_project_backend { #串連兩台RoR unicorn伺服器 server 172.16.9.101:19527; server 172.16.9.102:19527; } server { listen 80 default_server; server_name _; return 403; } server { listen 80; server_name www.demo_project.com demo_project.com; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; proxy_connect_timeout 500s; proxy_read_timeout 500s; proxy_send_timeout 500s; #將對的請求,轉到兩台主機上 location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; proxy_pass http://demo_project_backend; } # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; }}