centos 7快速設定主機名稱指令hostnamectl介紹

centos7 上在主機名稱變更新增了一個hostnamectl 指令 ，該指令的無論在輸出和更改上都較之前更加的便利。先看下hostname的help協助資訊：

代碼如下

複製代碼

[root@361way ~]# hostnamectl  --help hostnamectl [OPTIONS...] COMMAND ... Query or change system hostname.   -h --help              Show this help      --version           Show package version      --transient         Only set transient hostname      --static            Only set static hostname      --pretty            Only set pretty hostname   -P --privileged        Acquire privileges before execution      --no-ask-password   Do not prompt for password   -H --host=[USER@]HOST  Operate on remote host Commands:   status                 Show current hostname settings   set-hostname NAME      Set system hostname   set-icon-name NAME     Set icon name for host   set-chassis NAME       Set chassis type for host

查看hostname資訊

[root@361way ~]# hostnamectl
   Static hostname: 361way
         Icon name: computer-desktop
           Chassis: desktop
        Machine ID: 6917731f5fe447d0bca296ed2802e250
           Boot ID: e0d20bc2a3a4474c960394967d33ab53
  Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
       CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7
            Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-123.6.3.el7.x86_64
      Architecture: x86_64
設定主機名稱

從上面的help 協助裡可以看到，在設定主機名稱時，這裡涉及到四種主機名稱，在hostnamectl 的man手冊裡給予了說明和解釋，如下：

代碼如下

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This tool distinguishes three different hostnames: the high-level "pretty" hostname which might include all kinds of special characters (e.g. "Lennart's Laptop"), the static hostname which is used to initialize the kernel hostname at boot (e.g. "lennarts-laptop"), and the transient hostname which might be assigned temporarily due to network configuration and might revert back to the static hostname if network connectivity is lost and is only temporarily written to the kernel hostname (e.g. "dhcp-47-11"). Note that the pretty hostname has little restrictions on the characters used, while the static and transient hostnames are limited to the usually accepted characters of Internet domain names.

更改主機名稱

一般情況下都是使用set-hostname變更：

代碼如下	複製代碼
[root@361way ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname blog

更改主機名稱一般會涉及到/etc/hostname 、/etc/machine-info 兩個檔案，同時對於不同的名字修改在man手冊上也給了說明：

The static hostname is stored in /etc/hostname, see hostname(5) for more information. The pretty hostname, chassis type, and icon name are stored in /etc/machine-info, see machine-id(5).

set-icon-name 設定的主機一般和圖形介面會用到，對應的hostnamectl 輸出中的Icon name  ，set-chassis 指定了主機的平台類型，如原生是desktop，還可以設定為："desktop", "laptop", "server", "tablet", "handset"