題目連結
A.Yaroslav and Permutations
題意:
n個元素的數組,每個元素不超過1000,可以交換相鄰兩個元素,問是否可以在有限次的操作之後使得相鄰兩個元素的值不相同。
#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>int cnt[1005];int main(){ int n, a; while (scanf("%d", &n) != EOF) { memset(cnt, 0, sizeof(cnt)); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { scanf("%d",&a); cnt[a]++; } int m = -1; for (int i = 0; i <= 1000;i++) { if (cnt[i] > m) m = cnt[i]; } if (n%2 == 0) { if (m > (n/2)) puts("NO"); else puts("YES"); } else { if (m > (n/2+1)) puts("NO"); else puts("YES"); } } return 0;}
B.Yaroslav and Two Strings(轉載 原文地址)
對於兩個字串ch1和ch2,開四個數組a[i],b[i],c[i],d[i]分別表示 所有的情況數 、ch1[i]<=ch2[i]的情況數、ch1[i]>=ch2[i]的情況數、ch1[i]==ch2[i]的情況數,那麼根據容斥原理,有ans = ∏a[i] - ∏b[i] - ∏c[i] + ∏d[i]。
代碼
#include <cstdio>#include <cstring>#include <iostream>#include <algorithm>#include <vector>#include <set>#include <map>#include <cmath>#include <queue>using namespace std;template <class T> void checkmin(T &t,T x) {if(x < t) t = x;}template <class T> void checkmax(T &t,T x) {if(x > t) t = x;}template <class T> void _checkmin(T &t,T x) {if(t==-1) t = x; if(x < t) t = x;}template <class T> void _checkmax(T &t,T x) {if(t==-1) t = x; if(x > t) t = x;}typedef pair <int,int> PII;typedef pair <double,double> PDD;typedef long long ll;#define foreach(it,v) for(__typeof((v).begin()) it = (v).begin(); it != (v).end ; it ++)#define MOD 1000000007int n ;ll a[101000] , b[101000] , c[101000] , d[101000];char ch1[101000] , ch2[101000];void gcd(ll a , ll b , ll &d , ll &x , ll &y) { if(!b) {d = a; x = 1; y = 0;} else { gcd(b , a%b,d,y , x); y -= x * (a/b); }}ll inv(ll a , ll n) { ll d , x , y; gcd(a , n , d, x , y); return d == 1 ? (x+n)%n : -1;}void debug() { for(int i=0;i<n;i++) cout << a[i] << " "; cout << endl; for(int i=0;i<n;i++) cout << b[i] << " "; cout << endl; for(int i=0;i<n;i++) cout << c[i] << " "; cout << endl; for(int i=0;i<n;i++) cout << d[i] << " "; cout << endl;}int main() { cin >> n; scanf("%s%s",ch1,ch2); for(int i=0;i<n;i++) { if(ch1[i] == '?' && ch2[i] == '?') { a[i] = b[i] = 55;c[i] = 10; d[i] = 100; } else if(ch1[i] == '?') { a[i] = ch2[i] - '0'+1; b[i] = 11-a[i]; c[i] = 1; d[i] = 10; } else if(ch2[i] == '?') { b[i] = ch1[i] - '0'+1; a[i] = 11-b[i]; c[i] = 1; d[i] = 10; } else { if(ch1[i] <= ch2[i]) a[i] = 1; if(ch1[i] >= ch2[i]) b[i] = 1; if(ch1[i] == ch2[i]) c[i] = 1; d[i] = 1; } } ll a1 = 1 , a2 = 1 , a3 = 1 , a4 = 1; for(int i=0;i<n;i++) { a1 *= a[i]; a1 %= MOD; a2 *= b[i]; a2 %= MOD; a3 *= c[i]; a3 %= MOD; a4 *= d[i]; a4 %= MOD; } ll ans = (a4-a1-a2+a3) % MOD; if(ans < 0) ans += MOD; cout << ans << endl; //debug(); return 0;}
C.Greg and Array
題意:
一個數組n個數,然後又m組操作,每組操作是將從l到r 的每個元素值加v,然後是k組操作,每組的意思是執行第x、x+1……y組操作,然後輸出數組元素。
思路:
對於區間修改的問題,毫無疑問是用線段樹,但這裡有兩個線段樹,不過我們在這裡只對數組建樹,不對操作次數建樹,用lazy的思想,我們可以更簡單的知道那組操作執行了多少次,然後再更新線段樹,正好更新的val值是該操作的原來的v乘以操作次數。
代碼:
#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>typedef __int64 ll;const ll maxn = 100005;ll a[maxn];struct node{ ll l, r, m; ll sum, mark;}tree[maxn<<2];ll cnt[maxn];struct operation{ ll l, r, v;}op[maxn];void build(ll l, ll r, ll o){ tree[o].l = l; tree[o].r = r; ll m = (l+r)>>1; tree[o].m = m; tree[o].mark = 0; if (l == r) { tree[o].sum = a[l]; return; } build(l, m, o<<1); build(m+1, r, (o<<1)+1); tree[o].sum = tree[o<<1].sum + tree[(o<<1)+1].sum; } void update(ll l, ll r, ll v, ll o) { if (tree[o].l == l && tree[o].r == r) { tree[o].mark += v; return; } tree[o].sum += (ll)(r-l+1)*v; if (tree[o].m >= r) update(l, r, v, o<<1); else if (l > tree[o].m) update(l, r, v, (o<<1)+1); else { update(l, tree[o].m, v, o<<1); update(tree[o].m+1, r, v, (o<<1)+1); } }ll query(ll l, ll r, ll o) { if (tree[o].l == l && tree[o].r == r) return tree[o].sum + tree[o].mark*(r-l+1); if (tree[o].mark != 0) { tree[o<<1].mark += tree[o].mark; tree[(o<<1)+1].mark += tree[o].mark; tree[o].sum += (ll)(tree[o].r -tree[o].l +1)*tree[o].mark; tree[o].mark = 0; } if (tree[o].m >= r) return query(l, r, o<<1); else if (tree[o].m <l) return query(l, r, (o<<1)+1); else return query(l, tree[o].m, o<<1) + query(tree[o].m+1, r, (o<<1)+1); }int main(){ ll n, m, k, l, r, x; while (scanf("%I64d%I64d%I64d",&n,&m,&k) != EOF) { for(ll i = 1; i <= n; i++) scanf("%I64d",&a[i]); build(1, n, 1); for (ll i = 1; i <= m; i++) scanf("%I64d %I64d %I64d",&op[i].l, &op[i].r, &op[i].v); memset(cnt, 0, sizeof(cnt)); for (ll i = 1; i <= k; i++) { scanf("%I64d %I64d",&l, &r); cnt[l] += 1; cnt[r+1] -= 1; } ll sum = 0; for (ll i = 1; i <= m; i++) { sum += cnt[i]; //lazy的思想 update(op[i].l, op[i].r, sum*op[i].v, 1); } for (ll i = 1; i < n; i++) printf("%I64d ",query(i, i, 1)); printf("%I64d\n",query(n, n, 1)); } return 0;}
D.Greg and Graph (轉載 原文)
在講這道題之前我先現簡要介紹一下Floyd—Warshall演算法,方便大家更好的瞭解這道題。
Floyd—Warshall演算法的原理是動態規劃。
設D[i][j][k]為從i到j只以1~k中節點為中間結點的最短路徑長度,則:
(1)若最短路徑經過點k,那麼D[i][j][k]=D[i][k][k-1]+D[k][j][k-1]
(2)若最短路徑不經過點k,那麼D[i][j][k]=D[i][j][k-1]
因此D[i][j][k]=min(D[i][k][k-1]+D[k][j][k-1],D[i][j][k]=D[i][j][k-1]).
如果我們把k放在最外層的迴圈,那麼第三位在實現上可以省去。
這道題可以反著思考,我們考慮從一個點開始一個個添加,那麼答案倒著輸出就行了。
我們每次加進來的點相當於k,首先需要進行一個雙重迴圈找到k點和所有點之間的最短路徑;然後就以k點位判斷節點更新之前的k-1個點,時間複雜度降到O(n^3),而暴力解法每次都要進行floyd,時間複雜度為O(n^4);相比之下前述解法考慮到了floyd演算法的性質,更好了運用了演算法的內質。
#include <cstdio>#include <cstring>#include <iostream>#include <algorithm>#include <vector>#include <set>#include <map>#include <cmath>#include <queue>using namespace std;template <class T> void checkmin(T &t,T x) {if(x < t) t = x;}template <class T> void checkmax(T &t,T x) {if(x > t) t = x;}template <class T> void _checkmin(T &t,T x) {if(t==-1) t = x; if(x < t) t = x;}template <class T> void _checkmax(T &t,T x) {if(t==-1) t = x; if(x > t) t = x;}typedef pair <int,int> PII;typedef pair <double,double> PDD;typedef long long ll;#define foreach(it,v) for(__typeof((v).begin()) it = (v).begin(); it != (v).end ; it ++)int n ;const int N = 555;int g[N][N];ll ans[N];int a[N];int main() { cin >> n; for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) for(int j=1;j<=n;j++) cin >> g[i][j]; for(int i=n;i>=1;i--) cin >> a[i]; ans[1] = 0; for(int i=2;i<=n;i++) { int aa = a[i]; ans[i] += ans[i-1]; for(int j=1;j<i;j++) ans[i] += g[a[i]][a[j]] + g[a[j]][a[i]]; for(int j=1;j<i;j++) for(int k=1;k<i;k++) { if(g[a[j]][a[i]] > g[a[j]][a[k]]+g[a[k]][a[i]]) { ans[i] -= g[a[j]][a[i]]; ans[i] += g[a[j]][a[k]]+g[a[k]][a[i]]; g[a[j]][a[i]] = g[a[j]][a[k]]+g[a[k]][a[i]]; } if(g[a[i]][a[j]] > g[a[i]][a[k]] + g[a[k]][a[j]]) { ans[i] -= g[a[i]][a[j]]; ans[i] += g[a[i]][a[k]] + g[a[k]][a[j]]; g[a[i]][a[j]] = g[a[i]][a[k]] + g[a[k]][a[j]]; } } for(int j=1;j<i;j++) for(int k=1;k<i;k++) { if(g[a[j]][a[k]] > g[a[j]][a[i]] + g[a[i]][a[k]]) { ans[i] -= g[a[j]][a[k]]; ans[i] += g[a[j]][a[i]] + g[a[i]][a[k]]; g[a[j]][a[k]] = g[a[j]][a[i]] + g[a[i]][a[k]]; } } } cout << ans[n]; for(int i=n-1;i>=1;i--) cout << " "<< ans[i]; cout << endl; return 0;}