PythonRegex的常用匹配用法

來源:互聯網
上載者:User

下面列出PythonRegex的幾種匹配用法:

1.測試Regex是否匹配字串的全部或部分

regex=ur"" #Regex
if re.search(regex, subject):
    do_something()
else:
    do_anotherthing()

2.測試Regex是否匹配整個字串

regex=ur"/Z" #Regex末尾以/Z結束
if re.match(regex, subject):
    do_something()
else:
    do_anotherthing()

3.建立一個匹配對象,然後通過該對象獲得匹配細節(Create an object with details about how the regex matches (part of) a string)

regex=ur"" #Regex
match = re.search(regex, subject)
if match:
    # match start: match.start()
    # match end (exclusive): atch.end()
    # matched text: match.group()
    do_something()
else:
    do_anotherthing()

4.擷取Regex所匹配的子串(Get the part of a string matched by the regex)

regex=ur"" #Regex
match = re.search(regex, subject)
if match:
    result = match.group()
else:
    result = ""

5. 擷取擷取的群組所匹配的子串(Get the part of a string matched by a capturing group)

regex=ur"" #Regex
match = re.search(regex, subject)
if match:
    result = match.group(1)
else:
    result = ""

6. 擷取有名組所匹配的子串(Get the part of a string matched by a named group)

regex=ur"" #Regex
match = re.search(regex, subject)
if match:
    result = match.group"groupname")
else:
    result = ""

7. 將字串中所有匹配的子串放入數組中(Get an array of all regex matches in a string)

result = re.findall(regex, subject)

8.遍曆所有匹配的子串(Iterate over all matches in a string)

for match in re.finditer(r"<(.*?)/s*.*?//1>", subject)
    # match start: match.start()
    # match end (exclusive): atch.end()
    # matched text: match.group()

9.通過Regex字串建立一個Regex對象(Create an object to use the same regex for many operations)

reobj = re.compile(regex)

10.用法1的Regex對象版本(use regex object for if/else branch whether (part of) a string can be matched)

reobj = re.compile(regex)
if reobj.search(subject):
    do_something()
else:
    do_anotherthing()

11.用法2的Regex對象版本(use regex object for if/else branch whether a string can be matched entirely)

reobj = re.compile(r"/Z") #Regex末尾以/Z 結束
if reobj.match(subject):
    do_something()
else:
    do_anotherthing()

12.建立一個Regex對象,然後通過該對象獲得匹配細節(Create an object with details about how the regex object matches (part of) a string)

reobj = re.compile(regex)
match = reobj.search(subject)
if match:
    # match start: match.start()
    # match end (exclusive): atch.end()
    # matched text: match.group()
    do_something()
else:
    do_anotherthing()

13.用Regex對象擷取匹配子串(Use regex object to get the part of a string matched by the regex)

reobj = re.compile(regex)
match = reobj.search(subject)
if match:
    result = match.group()
else:
    result = ""

14.用Regex對象擷取擷取的群組所匹配的子串(Use regex object to get the part of a string matched by a capturing group)

reobj = re.compile(regex)
match = reobj.search(subject)
if match:
    result = match.group(1)
else:
    result = ""

15.用Regex對象擷取有名組所匹配的子串(Use regex object to get the part of a string matched by a named group)

reobj = re.compile(regex)
match = reobj.search(subject)
if match:
    result = match.group("groupname")
else:
    result = ""

16.用Regex對象擷取所有匹配子串並放入數組(Use regex object to get an array of all regex matches in a string)

reobj = re.compile(regex)
result = reobj.findall(subject)

17.通過Regex對象遍曆所有匹配子串(Use regex object to iterate over all matches in a string)

reobj = re.compile(regex)
for match in reobj.finditer(subject):
    # match start: match.start()
    # match end (exclusive): match.end()
    # matched text: match.group()

 

字串替換

1.替換所有匹配的子串

#用newstring替換subject中所有與Regexregex匹配的子串
result = re.sub(regex, newstring, subject)

2.替換所有匹配的子串(使用Regex對象)

reobj = re.compile(regex)
result = reobj.sub(newstring, subject)

字串拆分

1.字串拆分

result = re.split(regex, subject)

2.字串拆分(使用正則表示式對象)

reobj = re.compile(regex)
result = reobj.split(subject)

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