Regex常用內容，Regex內容

Regex常用內容，Regex內容
常用元字元

代碼	說明
.	匹配除分行符號以外的任一字元
\w	匹配字母或數字或底線或漢字
\s	匹配任意空白字元
\d	匹配數字
\b	匹配單詞的開始或結束
^	匹配字串的開始
$	匹配字串的結束

常用限定符

代碼	說明
*	重複零次或多次
+	重複一次或多次
?	重複零次或一次
{n}	重複n次
{n,}	重複n次或更多次
{n,m}	重複n-m次

萬用字元(.)

使用"."可以匹配任何字元，如果要匹配"."本身，那麼需要使用逸出字元來取消"."的特殊意義，如"." 來匹配"."

Task    Text     Match    cat.    SuccessMatch    896.    SuccessMatch    ?=+.    SuccessSkip    abc1Pattern: ...\.

 

匹配特定字元

使用"[]"可以將需要匹配的特定字元放在方括弧中進行匹配，如：只匹配a,b,c，那麼可寫成[abc]

Task    Text     Match    can    SuccessMatch    man    SuccessMatch    fan    SuccessSkip    dan    To be completedSkip    ran    To be completedSkip    panPattern: [cmf]an

 

排除特定字元

使用方法和上面的"[]"類似，只是在字元前加上""，以表示之後的這些字元是排除匹配的。如：[abc]表示除了a,b,c之外的任何字元都可以進行匹配。

Task    Text     Match    hog    SuccessMatch    dog    SuccessSkip    bogPattern: [^b]og

 

字元範圍

如果要匹配的字元太多，那我們並不需要將所有字元都像上面一樣全部列出來，只需用"-"將範圍表示出來。[0-6]表示只匹配0-6的數字，[^n-p]表示不匹配n-p的任何字元。"\w"等價於[A-Za-z0-9_]

Task    Text     Match    Ana    SuccessMatch    Bob    SuccessMatch    Cpc    SuccessSkip    aax    To be completedSkip    bby    To be completedSkip    cczPattern: [A-C]

 

重複

如果我們要匹配的相同字元有好幾個，使用"\w\w\w"就顯得有點麻煩，所以可以通過下面這種方法來匹配多個字元的情況，如：有3個"a"要匹配，則直接用a{3}表示即可。a{1,3}重複1-3次，[wxy]{5}，w/x/y 任意一個字元重複5次，.{2-6}則表示任一字元重複2-6次

Task    Text     Match    wazzzzzup    SuccessMatch    wazzzup    SuccessSkip    wazupPattern: waz{2}

 

"*": 重複0次或者多次 "+": 重複1次或者多次

Task    Text     Match    aaaabcc    SuccessMatch    aabbbbc    SuccessMatch    aacc    SuccessSkip    aPattern: a*b*c+

 

"?": 重複零次或一次

Task    Text     Match    1 file found?    SuccessMatch    2 files found?    SuccessMatch    24 files found?    SuccessSkip    No files found.    To be completedPattern: [0-9]+ files? found\?

 

匹配空白符

"\s" 可以匹配任意的空白符

Task    Text     Match    1.   abc    SuccessMatch    2.    abc    SuccessMatch    3.           abc    SuccessSkip    4.abc    To be completedPattern: \d\.\s+abc

 

匹配行起始/結束字元

"^": ^abc 匹配以abc開頭的字元 "$": abc$ 匹配以abc結束的字元

Task    Text     Match    Mission: successful    SuccessSkip    Last Mission: unsuccessful    To be completedSkip    Next Mission: successful upon capture of target    To be completedPattern: ^Mission:

 

匹配組

"()" 將要匹配的內容放在()中

Task    Text    Capture Groups     Capture    file_record_transcript.pdf    file_record_transcript    SuccessCapture    file_07241999.pdf    file_07241999    SuccessSkip    testfile_fake.pdf.tmp        To be completedPattern: ^(file_\w+)

 

嵌套分組

"(())" 將多個組進行嵌套匹配

Task    　　Text    Capture Groups     Capture    Jan 1987    Jan 1987 1987    SuccessCapture    May 1969    May 1969 1969    SuccessCapture    Aug 2011    Aug 2011 2011    SuccessPattern： ^(\w+\s(\d+))

 

多個分組組合

Task　　　　Text　　　　Capture Groups
Capture    1280x720    1280 720    SuccessCapture    1920x1600    1920 1600    SuccessCapture    1024x768    1024 768    SuccessPattern: (\d+)\w(\d+)

 

增加可讀性

Task    Text     Match    I love cats    SuccessMatch    I love dogs    SuccessSkip    I love logs    To be completedSkip    I love cogsPattern: I love (cats|dogs)Pattern: ([cd]ats*|[dh]ogs?)

 

練習

Task    Text     Match    3.14529    SuccessMatch    -255.34    SuccessMatch    128    SuccessMatch    1.9e10    SuccessMatch    123,340.00    SuccessSkip    720p    To be completedPattern: ^-?\d+(,\d+)*(\.\d+(e\d+)?)?$Capture    415-555-1234    415    SuccessCapture    650-555-2345    650    SuccessCapture    (416)555-3456    416    SuccessCapture    202 555 4567    202    SuccessCapture    4035555678    403    SuccessCapture    1 416 555 9292    416    SuccessPattern: 1?\s?\(?(\d{3})\)?[\s-]?\d{3}[\s-]?\d{4}Task    Text    Capture Groups     Capture    tom@hogwarts.com    tom    SuccessCapture    tom.riddle@hogwarts.com    tom.riddle    SuccessCapture    tom.riddle+regexone@hogwarts.com    tom.riddle    SuccessCapture    tom@hogwarts.eu.com    tom    SuccessCapture    potter@hogwarts.com    potter    SuccessCapture    harry@hogwarts.com    harry    SuccessCapture    hermione+regexone@hogwarts.com    hermione    SuccessPattern: ^([\w\.]*)Task    Text    Capture Groups     Capture    <a>This is a link</a>    a    SuccessCapture    <a href='https://regexone.com'>Link</a>    a    SuccessCapture    <div class='test_style'>Test</div>    div    SuccessCapture    <div>Hello <span>world</span></div>    div    SuccessPattern: <(\w+)*Task    Text    Capture Groups     Skip    .bash_profile        To be completedSkip    workspace.doc        To be completedCapture    img0912.jpg    img0912 jpg    SuccessCapture    updated_img0912.png    updated_img0912 png    SuccessSkip    documentation.html        To be completedCapture    favicon.gif    favicon gif    SuccessSkip    img0912.jpg.tmp        To be completedSkip    access.lock        To be completedPattern: (\w+)(\.)(jpg|png|gif)$Task    Text    Capture Groups     Capture                The quick brown fox...    The quick brown fox...    SuccessCapture       jumps over the lazy dog.    jumps over the lazy dog.    SuccessPattern: ^\s*(.*)\s*$Task    Text    Capture Groups     Skip    W/dalvikvm( 1553): threadid=1: uncaught exception        To be completedSkip    E/( 1553): FATAL EXCEPTION: main        To be completedSkip    E/( 1553): java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException        To be completedCapture    E/( 1553):   at widget.List.makeView(ListView.java:1727)    makeView ListView.java 1727    SuccessCapture    E/( 1553):   at widget.List.fillDown(ListView.java:652)    fillDown ListView.java 652    SuccessCapture    E/( 1553):   at widget.List.fillFrom(ListView.java:709)    fillFrom ListView.java 709    SuccessPattern: \.+(\w+)+\((\w+\.\w+)+:(\d+)\)Pattern: (\w+)\(([\w\.]+):(\d+)\)Task    Text    Capture Groups     Capture    ftp://file_server.com:21/top_secret/life_changing_plans.pdf    ftp file_server.com 21    SuccessCapture    https://regexone.com/lesson/introduction#section    https regexone.com    SuccessCapture    file://localhost:4040/zip_file    file localhost 4040    SuccessCapture    https://s3cur3-server.com:9999/    https s3cur3-server.com 9999    SuccessCapture    market://search/angry%20birds    market search    SuccessPattern: (\w+)://([\w\.-]+)(:(\d+))?