DirectX9 3D 快速上手(一)

由於項目需要，不得不介入到以前從沒有接觸過的3D編程，我選擇了DX9，當然這也是項目需要，既然是要求快速上手，那麼就最好選擇RAD的開發工具了，顯然用MS的東西比較保險一些，我這個人怕麻煩，最怕出一些莫名其妙的錯誤了，所以這裡C#是比較好的選擇了，當然如果你用VB的話也不錯，反正這兩個差不多，個人偏愛C#一些。

  廢話少說，切入正題。

   要使用DX，那麼第一件事情就是建立裝置。比起DirectDraw，3D的裝置建立還是稍微簡單一些的：

public Device (

System.Int32 adapter ,                  //表示我們將要使用哪個物理圖形卡。一般用0

Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D.DeviceType deviceType ,// 建立那種類型的device。

System.Windows.Forms.Control renderWindow , // rendrWindow表示把裝置綁定到的視窗。

Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D.CreateFlags behaviorFlags, //描述裝置建立之後的行為Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D.PresentParameters presentationParameters )// 裝置把資料呈現到顯示器的方式

一共5個參數，看一下程式碼片段：

PresentParameters presentParams = new PresentParameters();

                   presentParams.Windowed=true; //視窗模式

                   presentParams.SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard;// SwapEffect成員用於控制緩衝交換的行為。如果選擇了SwapEffect.Flip，運行時會建立額外的後備緩衝

device = new Device(0, DeviceType.Hardware, this, CreateFlags.SoftwareVertexProcessing, presentParams);

到這裡裝置的建立就已經完成了，對於其中相關參數的含義，可以參考DirectX的協助。

現在看看DX SDK內建的Tutorial1，是不是很容易了？託管環境為我們作了很多事情，不過在這個例子裡面沒有體現出來，感謝上帝。在這個例子裡面Render（）是關鍵。

     private void Render()

         {

              if (device == null)

                   return;

              //Clear the backbuffer to a blue color

              device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target, System.Drawing.Color.Blue, 1.0f, 0);

              //Begin the scene

              device.BeginScene();

              // Rendering of scene objects can happen here

              //End the scene

              device.EndScene();

              device.Present();

         }

  

Render是渲染的進入點，每一幀渲染都要調用這個函數。BeginScene()/EndScene()函數對，分別在渲染前後調用。BeginScene()會使系統檢查內部資料結構和渲染表面的可用性有效性。這裡在BeginScene()/EndScene() 中間沒有做任何事情，所以就沒有什麼被渲染，這個例子可以被當作模板使用。

  

下面是Tutorial1的全部代碼：

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

// File: CreateDevice.cs

//

// Desc: This is the first tutorial for using Direct3D. In this tutorial, all

//       we are doing is creating a Direct3D device and using it to clear the

//       window.

//

// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

using System;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Windows.Forms;

using Microsoft.DirectX;

using Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D;

  

namespace DeviceTutorial

{

     public class CreateDevice : Form

     {

         // Our global variables for this project

         Device device = null; // Our rendering device

  

         public CreateDevice()

         {

              // Set the initial size of our form

              this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(400,300);

              // And it's caption

              this.Text = "D3D Tutorial 01: CreateDevice";

         }

        

         public bool InitializeGraphics()

         {

              try

              {

                   // Now let's setup our D3D stuff

                   PresentParameters presentParams = new PresentParameters();

                   presentParams.Windowed=true;

                   presentParams.SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard;

                   device = new Device(0, DeviceType.Hardware, this, CreateFlags.SoftwareVertexProcessing, presentParams);

                   return true;

              }

              catch (DirectXException)

            {

                return false;

            }

         }

         private void Render()

         {

              if (device == null)

                   return;

  

              //Clear the backbuffer to a blue color

              device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target, System.Drawing.Color.Blue, 1.0f, 0);

              //Begin the scene

              device.BeginScene();

             

              // Rendering of scene objects can happen here

   

              //End the scene

              device.EndScene();

              device.Present();

         }

         protected override void OnPaint(System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)

         {

              this.Render(); // Render on painting

         }

         protected override void OnKeyPress(System.Windows.Forms.KeyPressEventArgs e)

         {

              if ((int)(byte)e.KeyChar == (int)System.Windows.Forms.Keys.Escape)

                   this.Close(); // Esc was pressed

         }

  

         ///<summary>

         /// The main entry point for the application.

         ///</summary>

         static void Main()

         {

  

            using (CreateDevice frm = new CreateDevice())

            {

                if (!frm.InitializeGraphics()) // Initialize Direct3D

                {

                    MessageBox.Show("Could not initialize Direct3D. This tutorial will exit.");

                    return;

                }

                frm.Show();

  

                // While the form is still valid, render and process messages

                while(frm.Created)

                {

                    frm.Render();

                    Application.DoEvents();

                }

            }

         }

     }

}  

        

 

 

.net