一個CListCtrl的使用完全指南

 

建立圖形列表並和CListCtrl關聯：
 m_image_list.Create(IDB_CALLER2, 16, 10, RGB(192,192, 192));
 m_image_list.SetBkColor( GetSysColor( COLOR_WINDOW ) );
 m_caller_list.SetImageList( &m_image_list, LVSIL_SMALL);
為報表添加4列：
  char *szColumn[]={"暱稱","IP地址","登陸時間","狀態"};
  int widths[]={100,98,70,55};
  LV_COLUMN lvc;
  lvc.mask=LVCF_FMT|LVCF_WIDTH|LVCF_TEXT|LVCF_SUBITEM;
  lvc.fmt=LVCFMT_LEFT;
  for(int i=0;i<4;i++) {//插入各列
   lvc.pszText=szColumn[i];
   lvc.cx=widths[i];
   lvc.iSubItem=i;
   m_caller_list.InsertColumn(i,&lvc);
  }
為報表添加兩項，以附加方式添加：
 char* data[4];
 data[0]="所有人";
 data[1]="0.0.0.0";
 data[3]="線上";
 data[2]=new char;
 CTime now=CTime::GetCurrentTime();
       CString temp = now.Format("%H:%M:%S");
 data[2]=temp.GetBuffer(1);
 LV_ITEM lvi;
 lvi.mask=LVIF_TEXT|LVIF_IMAGE|LVIF_PARAM;
 lvi.iSubItem=0;
 lvi.pszText=(char *)data[0];
 lvi.iImage = 0;
 lvi.iItem=0;
 m_caller_list.InsertItem(&lvi);
 for (int j=0;j<4;j++) m_caller_list.SetItemText(count,j,data[j]);
 count++;
 lvi.iImage = 1;
 lvi.iItem=count;
 m_caller_list.InsertItem(&lvi);
 data[0]="cherami";
 data[1]="127.0.0.1"; 
 for (int n=0;n<4;n++) m_caller_list.SetItemText(count,n,data[n]);
 count++;

設定報表的樣式
選中一整行：
m_list_ctrl.SetExtendedStyle(m_list_ctrl.GetExtendedStyle()|LVS_EX_FULLROWSELECT); 
繪製表格：
m_list_ctrl.SetExtendedStyle(m_list_ctrl.GetExtendedStyle()|LVS_EX_GRIDLINES);
帶複選框：
m_list_ctrl.SetExtendedStyle(m_list_ctrl.GetExtendedStyle()|LVS_EX_CHECKBOXES);
自動切換：
m_list_ctrl.SetExtendedStyle(m_list_ctrl.GetExtendedStyle()|LVS_EX_TRACKSELECT);

選定一行：
設定CListCtrl的Show selection always選項
SetItemState (iIndex, LVIS_SELECTED|LVIS_FOCUSED, LVIS_SELECTED|LVIS_FOCUSED)
 
選中一個或多重專案時,會發送LVN_ITEMCHANGED訊息，可以使用
GetSelectedCount()方法得到被選定的項的數目。

點擊列頭的訊息響應：
ON_NOTIFY(HDN_ITEMCLICKW, 0, ResponseFunc)
訊息，需要自己添加
或者：
ON_NOTIFY(LVN_COLUMNCLICK, ID_yourCtrl,  ResponseFunc)//嚮導添加
前者後響應，後者先響應

響應函數：
ResponseFunc(NMHDR *pNMHDR, LRESULT *pResult)

雙擊CListCtrl中的ITEM的訊息是及訊息函數：
ON_NOTIFY(NM_DBLCLK, ID_yourCtrl, ResponseFunc)

單擊ITEM的訊息響應：
ON_NOTIFY(NM_CLICK, ID_yourCtrl, ResponseFunc)
ResponseFunc(NMHDR *pNMHDR, LRESULT *pResult)

HDN_ITEMCLICK    就是Header control Notify message for mouse left click on the Header control!
而HDN_ITEMCLICK是當List View中存在一個Header Contrl時，Header Ctrl通知父視窗List View的！

CListCtrl中的Item被選中觸發LBN_SELCHANGE(通過WM_COMMAND)訊息！

刪除CListCtrl中選定的項：
POSITION pos;
int nIndex;

for(; pos= GetFirstSelectedItemPosition();)
{
nIndex = GetNextSelectedItem(pos);
DeleteItem(nIndex);
}

在ListCtrl中進行排序
清單控制項（CListCtrl）的頂部有一排按鈕，使用者可以通過選擇不同的列來對記錄進行排序。但是 CListCtrl並沒有自動排序的功能，我們需要自己添加一個用於排序的回呼函數來比較兩個資料的大小，此外還需要響應排序按鈕被點擊的訊息。下面講述一下具體的做法。

CListCtrl提供了用於排序的函數，函數原型為：BOOL CListCtrl::SortItems( PFNLVCOMPARE pfnCompare, DWORD dwData )。其中第一個參數為全域排序函數的地址，第二個參數為使用者資料，你可以根據你的需要傳遞一個資料或是指標。該函數返回-1代表第一項排應在第二項前面，返回1代表第一項排應在第二項後面，返回0代表兩項相等。

用於排序的函數原形為：int CALLBACK ListCompare(LPARAM lParam1, LPARAM lParam2, LPARAM lParamSort)，其中第三個參數為調用者傳遞的資料（即調用SortItems時的第二個參數dwData）。第一和第二個參數為用於比較的兩項的ItemData，你可以通過DWORD CListCtrl::GetItemData( int nItem )/BOOL CListCtrl::SetItemData( int nItem, DWORD dwData )來對每一項的ItemData進行存取。在添加項時選用特定的CListCtrl::InsertItem也可以設定該值。由於你在排序時只能通過該值來確定項的位置所以你應該比較明確的確定該值的含義。

最後一點，我們需要知道什麼時候需要排序，實現這點可以在父視窗中對LVN_COLUMNCLICK訊息進行處理來實現。

下面我們看一個例子，這個例子是一個衍生類別，並支援順序/倒序兩種方式排序。為了簡單我對全域資料進行排序，而在實際應用中會有多組需要排序的資料，所以需要通過傳遞參數的方式來告訴派序函數需要對什麼資料進行排序。

//全域資料
struct DEMO_DATA
{
 char szName[20];
 int iAge;
}strAllData[5]={{"王某",30},{"張某",40},{"武某",32},{"陳某",20},{"李某",36}};

//CListCtrl衍生類別定義
class CSortList : public CListCtrl
{
// Construction
public:
 CSortList();
 BOOL m_fAsc;//是否順序排序
 int m_nSortedCol;//當前排序的列
protected:
 //{{AFX_MSG(CSortList)
 //}}AFX_MSG
...
};

//父視窗中包含該CListCtrl衍生類別對象
class CSort_in_list_ctrlDlg : public CDialog
{
// Construction
public:
 CSort_in_list_ctrlDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL); // standard constructor

// Dialog Data
 //{{AFX_DATA(CSort_in_list_ctrlDlg)
 enum { IDD = IDD_SORT_IN_LIST_CTRL_DIALOG };
 CSortList m_listTest;
 //}}AFX_DATA
}

//在父視窗中定義LVN_COLUMNCLICK訊息映射
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CSort_in_list_ctrlDlg, CDialog)
 //{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CSort_in_list_ctrlDlg)
 ON_NOTIFY(LVN_COLUMNCLICK, IDC_LIST1, OnColumnclickList1)
 //}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()

//初始化資料
BOOL CSort_in_list_ctrlDlg::OnInitDialog()
{
 CDialog::OnInitDialog();

 //初始化ListCtrl中資料列表
 m_listTest.InsertColumn(0,"姓名");
 m_listTest.InsertColumn(1,"年齡");
 m_listTest.SetColumnWidth(0,80);
 m_listTest.SetColumnWidth(1,80);
 for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
 {
  m_listTest.InsertItem(i,strAllData[i].szName);
  char szAge[10];
  sprintf(szAge,"%d",strAllData[i].iAge);
  m_listTest.SetItemText(i,1,szAge);
  //設定每項的ItemData為數組中資料的索引
  //在排序函數中通過該ItemData來確定資料
  m_listTest.SetItemData(i,i);
 }
 return TRUE;  // return TRUE  unless you set the focus to a control
}

//處理訊息
void CSort_in_list_ctrlDlg::OnColumnclickList1(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{
 NM_LISTVIEW* pNMListView = (NM_LISTVIEW*)pNMHDR;
 //設定排序方式
 if( pNMListView->iSubItem == m_listTest.m_nSortedCol )
  m_listTest.m_fAsc = !m_listTest.m_fAsc;
 else
 {
  m_listTest.m_fAsc = TRUE;
  m_listTest.m_nSortedCol = pNMListView->iSubItem;
 }
 //調用排序函數
 m_listTest.SortItems( ListCompare, (DWORD)&m_listTest );       
 *pResult = 0;
}

//排序函數實現
int CALLBACK ListCompare(LPARAM lParam1, LPARAM lParam2, LPARAM lParamSort)
{
 //通過傳遞的參數來得到CSortList對象指標，從而得到排序方式
 CSortList* pV=(CSortList*)lParamSort;
 
 //通過ItemData來確定資料
 DEMO_DATA* pInfo1=strAllData+lParam1;
 DEMO_DATA* pInfo2=strAllData+lParam2;
 CString szComp1,szComp2;
 int iCompRes;
 switch(pV->m_nSortedCol)
 {
 case(0):
  //以第一列為根據排序
  szComp1=pInfo1->szName;
  szComp2=pInfo2->szName;
  iCompRes=szComp1.Compare(szComp2);
  break;
 case(1):
  //以第二列為根據排序
  if(pInfo1->iAge == pInfo2->iAge)
   iCompRes = 0;
  else
   iCompRes=(pInfo1->iAge < pInfo2->iAge)?-1:1;
  break;
 default:
  ASSERT(0);
  break;
 }
 //根據當前的排序方式進行調整
 if(pV->m_fAsc)
  return iCompRes;
 else
  return iCompRes*-1;
}

排序最快：
CListCtrl::SortItems
Example

// Sort the item in reverse alphabetical order.
static int CALLBACK
MyCompareProc(LPARAM lParam1, LPARAM lParam2, LPARAM lParamSort)
{
  // lParamSort contains a pointer to the list view control.
  // The lParam of an item is just its index.
  CListCtrl* pListCtrl = (CListCtrl*) lParamSort;
  CString    strItem1 = pListCtrl->GetItemText(lParam1, 0);
  CString    strItem2 = pListCtrl->GetItemText(lParam2, 0);

  return strcmp(strItem2, strItem1);
}

void snip_CListCtrl_SortItems()
{
  // The pointer to my list view control.
  extern CListCtrl* pmyListCtrl;

  // Sort the list view items using my callback procedure.
  pmyListCtrl->SortItems(MyCompareProc, (LPARAM) pmyListCtrl);
}

If you don’t want to allow the users to sort the list by clicking on the header, you can use the style LVS_NOSORTHEADER. However, if you do want to allow sorting, you do not specify the LVS_NOSORTHEADER. The control, though, does not sort the items. You have to handle the HDN_ITEMCLICK notification from the header control and process it appropriately. In the code below, we have used the sorting function SortTextItems() developed in a previous section. You may choose to sort the items in a different manner.
Step 1: Add two member variables
Add two member variables to the CListCtrl. The first variable to track which column has been sorted on, if any. The second variable to track if the sort is ascending or descending.
        int nSortedCol;
        BOOL bSortAscending;
 

Step 2: Initialize them in the constructor.
Initialize nSortedCol to -1 to indicate that no column has been sorted on. If the list is initially sorted, then this variable should reflect that.
 
        nSortedCol = -1;
        bSortAscending = TRUE;
 
Step 3: Add entry in message map to handle HDN_ITEMCLICK
Actually you need to add two entries. For HDN_ITEMCLICKA and HDN_ITEMCLICKW. Do not use the class wizard to add the entry. For one, you need to add two entries whereas the class wizard will allow you only one. Secondly, the class wizard uses the wrong macro in the entry. It uses ON_NOTIFY_REFLECT() instead of ON_NOTIFY(). Since the HDN_ITEMCLICK is a notification from the header control to the list view control, it is a direct notification and not a reflected one.
ON_NOTIFY(HDN_ITEMCLICKA, 0, OnHeaderClicked)
ON_NOTIFY(HDN_ITEMCLICKW, 0, OnHeaderClicked)
 Note that we specify the same function for both the notification. Actually the program will receive one or the other and not both. What notification it receives will depend on the OS. The list view control on Windows 95 will send the ANSI version and the control on NT will send the UNICODE version.
Also, note that the second argument is zero. This value filters for the id of the control and we know that header control id is zero.

Step 4: Write the OnHeaderClicked() function
Here’s where you decide what to do when the user clicks on a column header. The expected behaviour is to sort the list based on the values of the items in that column. In this function we have used the SortTextItems() function developed in a previous section. If any of the columns displays numeric or date values, then you would have to provide custom sorting for them.
 
void CMyListCtrl::OnHeaderClicked(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{
        HD_NOTIFY *phdn = (HD_NOTIFY *) pNMHDR;

        if( phdn->iButton == 0 )
        {
                // User clicked on header using left mouse button
                if( phdn->iItem == nSortedCol )
                        bSortAscending = !bSortAscending;
                else
                        bSortAscending = TRUE;

                nSortedCol = phdn->iItem;
                SortTextItems( nSortedCol, bSortAscending );

        }
        *pResult = 0;
}

讓CListCtrl的SubItem也具有編輯功能:
要重載一個文字框，然後在LVN_BEGINLABELEDIT時改變文字框位置。
CInEdit m_InEdit;

    if( ( GetStyle() & LVS_TYPEMASK ) == LVS_REPORT && ( m_nEditSubItem != 0 ) )
    {
        HWND    hwndEdit;
        CRect    rtBound;
        CString strText;

        hwndEdit = (HWND)SendMessage( LVM_GETEDITCONTROL );
        GetSubItemRect( pDispInfo->item.iItem, m_nEditSubItem, LVIR_LABEL, rtBound );
        m_InEdit.SubclassWindow( hwndEdit );
        m_InEdit.m_left = rtBound.left;
        strText = GetItemText( pDispInfo->item.iItem, m_nEditSubItem );
        m_InEdit.SetWindowText( strText );
    }

void CInEdit::OnWindowPosChanging(WINDOWPOS FAR* lpwndpos)
{
    CRect rtClient;

    lpwndpos->x = m_left;  // m_left在LVN_BEGINLABELEDIT中設定

    CEdit::OnWindowPosChanging(lpwndpos);
   
    // TODO: Add your message handler code here
}