線段樹
題解:
題意為詢問一段區間裡的數能組成多少段連續的數。先考慮從左往右一個數一個數添加,考慮當前添加了i - 1個數的答案是x,那麼添加完i個數後的答案是多少?可以看出,是根據a[i]-1和a[i]+1是否已經添加而定的,如果a[i]-1或者a[i]+1已經添加一個,則段數不變,如果都沒添加則段數加1,如果都添加了則段數減1。設v[i]為加入第i個數後的改變數,那麼加到第x數時的段數就是sum{v[i]} (1<=i<=x}。仔細想想,若刪除某個數,那麼這個數兩端的數的改變數也會跟著改變,這樣一段區間的數構成的段數就還是他們的v值的和。將詢問離線處理,按左端點排序後掃描一遍,左邊刪除,右邊插入,查詢就是求區間和。
//1109MS 7296K #include<iostream>#include<cstdio>#include<cstring>#include<algorithm>using namespace std;#define ls (rt<<1)#define rs (rt<<1|1)#define mid ((t[rt].l+t[rt].r)>>1)#define maxn 200010int num[maxn];int vis[maxn];int pla[maxn];int n,m;struct que{int l,r;int id;int ans;}q[maxn];struct tree{int l,r;int sum;}t[maxn<<2];bool cmp(que &a,que &b){return a.l<b.l;}bool cmp1(que &a,que &b){return a.id<b.id;}void pushup(int rt){t[rt].sum=t[ls].sum+t[rs].sum;}int query(int rt,int l,int r){if(t[rt].l==l&&t[rt].r==r)return t[rt].sum;if(r<=mid)return query(ls,l,r);else if(l>mid)return query(rs,l,r);else return query(ls,l,mid)+query(rs,mid+1,r);}void change(int rt,int l,int r,int val){if(t[rt].l==l&&t[rt].r==r){t[rt].sum=val;return;}if(r<=mid)change(ls,l,r,val);else if(l>mid)change(rs,l,r,val);else{change(ls,l,mid,val);change(rs,mid+1,r,val);}pushup(rt);}void build(int rt,int l,int r){t[rt].l=l,t[rt].r=r;t[rt].sum=0;if(l==r)return ;build(ls,l,mid);build(rs,mid+1,r);}int main(){int T;int i,j;int a,b,k;cin>>T;while(T--){scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);memset(vis,0,sizeof(vis));memset(pla,0,sizeof(pla));memset(num,0,sizeof(num));build(1,1,n);for(i=1;i<=n;i++){scanf("%d",&num[i]);if(!vis[num[i]-1]&&!vis[num[i]+1])change(1,i,i,1);else if(vis[num[i]-1]&&vis[num[i]+1])change(1,i,i,-1);pla[num[i]]=i;vis[num[i]]=1;}for(i=1;i<=m;i++){scanf("%d%d",&q[i].l,&q[i].r);q[i].id=i;}sort(q+1,q+m+1,cmp);q[0].l=1;for(i=1;i<=m;i++){for(j=q[i-1].l;j<=q[i].l-1;j++){vis[num[j]]=0;a=pla[num[j]+1];if(num[j]+1<=n&&a>=q[i].l){k=query(1,a,a);if(k==-1)change(1,a,a,0);else if(k==0)change(1,a,a,1);}b=pla[num[j]-1];if(num[j]-1>=1&&b>=q[i].l){k=query(1,b,b);if(k==-1)change(1,b,b,0);else if(k==0)change(1,b,b,1);}}q[i].ans=query(1,q[i].l,q[i].r);}sort(q+1,q+m+1,cmp1);for(int i=1;i<=m;i++)printf("%d\n",q[i].ans);}return 0;}